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Ensino sobre a pureza interior

Certo dia, alguns fariseus e mestres da lei chegaram de Jerusalém para ver Jesus. Observaram que alguns de seus discípulos comiam sua refeição com as mãos impuras, ou seja, sem lavá-las. (Pois todos os judeus, sobretudo os fariseus, não comem sem antes lavar cuidadosamente as mãos, como exige a tradição dos líderes religiosos. Quando chegam do mercado, não comem coisa alguma sem antes mergulhar as mãos em água. Essa é apenas uma das muitas tradições às quais se apegam, como a lavagem de copos, jarras e panelas.[a])

Então os fariseus e mestres da lei lhe perguntaram: “Por que seus discípulos não seguem a tradição dos líderes religiosos? Eles comem sem antes realizar a cerimônia de lavar as mãos!”.

Jesus respondeu: “Hipócritas! Isaías tinha razão quando profetizou a seu respeito, pois escreveu:

‘Este povo me honra com os lábios,
mas o coração está longe de mim.
Sua adoração é uma farsa,
pois ensinam doutrinas humanas
como se fossem mandamentos de Deus’.[b]

Vocês desprezam a lei de Deus e a substituem por sua própria tradição”.

Disse ainda: “Vocês se esquivam com habilidade da lei de Deus para se apegar à sua própria tradição. 10 Por exemplo, Moisés deu esta lei: ‘Honre seu pai e sua mãe’[c] e ‘Quem insultar seu pai ou sua mãe será executado’.[d] 11 Vocês, porém, ensinam que alguém pode dizer a seus pais: ‘Não posso ajudá-los. Jurei entregar como oferta a Deus aquilo que eu teria dado a vocês’.[e] 12 Com isso, desobrigam as pessoas de cuidarem dos pais, 13 anulando a palavra de Deus a fim de transmitir sua própria tradição. E esse é apenas um exemplo entre muitos outros”.

14 Jesus chamou a multidão para perto de si e disse: “Ouçam, todos vocês, e procurem entender. 15 Não é o que entra no corpo que os contamina; vocês se contaminam com o que sai do coração. 16 Quem tem ouvidos para ouvir, ouça com atenção!”.[f]

17 Então Jesus entrou numa casa para se afastar da multidão, e seus discípulos lhe perguntaram o que ele queria dizer com a parábola que havia acabado de contar. 18 “Vocês também ainda não entendem?”, perguntou. “Não percebem que a comida que entra no corpo não pode contaminá-los? 19 O alimento não vai para o coração, mas apenas passa pelo estômago e vai parar no esgoto.” (Ao dizer isso, declarou que todo tipo de comida é aceitável.)

20 Em seguida, acrescentou: “Aquilo que vem de dentro é que os contamina. 21 Pois, de dentro, do coração da pessoa, vêm maus pensamentos, imoralidade sexual, roubo, homicídio, 22 adultério, cobiça, perversidade, engano, paixões carnais, inveja, calúnias, orgulho e insensatez. 23 Todas essas coisas desprezíveis vêm de dentro; são elas que os contaminam”.

A mulher siro-fenícia demonstra fé

24 Então Jesus deixou a Galileia e se dirigiu para o norte, para a região de Tiro.[g] Não queria que ninguém soubesse onde ele estava hospedado, mas não foi possível manter segredo. 25 De imediato, uma mulher que tinha ouvido falar dele veio e caiu a seus pés. A filha dela estava possuída por um espírito impuro, 26 e ela implorou que ele expulsasse o demônio que estava na menina.

Sendo ela grega, nascida na região da Fenícia, na Síria, 27 Jesus lhe disse: “Primeiro devem-se alimentar os filhos. Não é certo tirar comida das crianças e jogá-la aos cachorros”.

28 “Senhor, é verdade”, disse a mulher. “No entanto, até os cachorros, debaixo da mesa, comem as migalhas dos pratos dos filhos.”

29 “Boa resposta!”, disse Jesus. “Vá para casa, pois o demônio já deixou sua filha.” 30 E, quando ela chegou à sua casa, sua filha estava deitada na cama, e o demônio a havia deixado.

Jesus cura um surdo

31 Jesus saiu de Tiro e subiu para Sidom antes de voltar ao mar da Galileia e à região das Dez Cidades.[h] 32 Algumas pessoas lhe trouxeram um homem surdo e com dificuldade de fala, e lhe pediram que pusesse as mãos sobre ele e o curasse.

33 Jesus o afastou da multidão para ficar a sós com ele. Pôs os dedos nos ouvidos do homem e, em seguida, cuspiu nos dedos e tocou a língua dele. 34 Olhando para o céu, suspirou e disse: “Efatá!”, que significa “Abra-se!”. 35 No mesmo instante, o homem passou a ouvir perfeitamente; sua língua ficou livre, e ele começou a falar com clareza.

36 Jesus ordenou à multidão que não contasse a ninguém, mas, quanto mais ele os proibia, mais divulgavam o que havia acontecido. 37 Estavam muito admirados e diziam repetidamente: “Tudo que ele faz é maravilhoso! Ele até faz o surdo ouvir e o mudo falar!”.

Footnotes

  1. 7.4 Alguns manuscritos acrescentam e divãs.
  2. 7.7 Is 29.13, conforme a Septuaginta.
  3. 7.10a Êx 20.12; Dt 5.16.
  4. 7.10b Êx 21.17; Lv 20.9; ambos conforme a Septuaginta.
  5. 7.11 Em grego, O que eu teria lhes dado é Corbã, isto é, uma oferta.
  6. 7.16 Alguns manuscritos não trazem o versículo 16. Comparar com 4.9,23.
  7. 7.24 Alguns manuscritos acrescentam e Sidom.
  8. 7.31 Em grego, Decápolis.

That Which Defiles(A)

The Pharisees and some of the teachers of the law who had come from Jerusalem gathered around Jesus and saw some of his disciples eating food with hands that were defiled,(B) that is, unwashed. (The Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they give their hands a ceremonial washing, holding to the tradition of the elders.(C) When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.[a])(D)

So the Pharisees and teachers of the law asked Jesus, “Why don’t your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders(E) instead of eating their food with defiled hands?”

He replied, “Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you hypocrites; as it is written:

“‘These people honor me with their lips,
    but their hearts are far from me.
They worship me in vain;
    their teachings are merely human rules.’[b](F)

You have let go of the commands of God and are holding on to human traditions.”(G)

And he continued, “You have a fine way of setting aside the commands of God in order to observe[c] your own traditions!(H) 10 For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and mother,’[d](I) and, ‘Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.’[e](J) 11 But you say(K) that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is Corban (that is, devoted to God)— 12 then you no longer let them do anything for their father or mother. 13 Thus you nullify the word of God(L) by your tradition(M) that you have handed down. And you do many things like that.”

14 Again Jesus called the crowd to him and said, “Listen to me, everyone, and understand this. 15 Nothing outside a person can defile them by going into them. Rather, it is what comes out of a person that defiles them.” [16] [f]

17 After he had left the crowd and entered the house, his disciples asked him(N) about this parable. 18 “Are you so dull?” he asked. “Don’t you see that nothing that enters a person from the outside can defile them? 19 For it doesn’t go into their heart but into their stomach, and then out of the body.” (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods(O) clean.)(P)

20 He went on: “What comes out of a person is what defiles them. 21 For it is from within, out of a person’s heart, that evil thoughts come—sexual immorality, theft, murder, 22 adultery, greed,(Q) malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly. 23 All these evils come from inside and defile a person.”

Jesus Honors a Syrophoenician Woman’s Faith(R)

24 Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre.[g](S) He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret. 25 In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an impure spirit(T) came and fell at his feet. 26 The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter.

27 “First let the children eat all they want,” he told her, “for it is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”

28 “Lord,” she replied, “even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.”

29 Then he told her, “For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter.”

30 She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.

Jesus Heals a Deaf and Mute Man(U)

31 Then Jesus left the vicinity of Tyre(V) and went through Sidon, down to the Sea of Galilee(W) and into the region of the Decapolis.[h](X) 32 There some people brought to him a man who was deaf and could hardly talk,(Y) and they begged Jesus to place his hand on(Z) him.

33 After he took him aside, away from the crowd, Jesus put his fingers into the man’s ears. Then he spit(AA) and touched the man’s tongue. 34 He looked up to heaven(AB) and with a deep sigh(AC) said to him, “Ephphatha!” (which means “Be opened!”). 35 At this, the man’s ears were opened, his tongue was loosened and he began to speak plainly.(AD)

36 Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone.(AE) But the more he did so, the more they kept talking about it. 37 People were overwhelmed with amazement. “He has done everything well,” they said. “He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:4 Some early manuscripts pitchers, kettles and dining couches
  2. Mark 7:7 Isaiah 29:13
  3. Mark 7:9 Some manuscripts set up
  4. Mark 7:10 Exodus 20:12; Deut. 5:16
  5. Mark 7:10 Exodus 21:17; Lev. 20:9
  6. Mark 7:16 Some manuscripts include here the words of 4:23.
  7. Mark 7:24 Many early manuscripts Tyre and Sidon
  8. Mark 7:31 That is, the Ten Cities

Traditions and Commandments

(A)Now when the Pharisees gathered to him, with some of the scribes (B)who had come from Jerusalem, they saw that some of his disciples ate with hands that were (C)defiled, that is, unwashed. (For the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they wash their hands properly,[a] holding to (D)the tradition of (E)the elders, and when they come from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they wash.[b] And there are many other traditions that they observe, such as (F)the washing of (G)cups and pots and copper vessels and dining couches.[c]) And the Pharisees and the scribes asked him, “Why do your disciples not walk according to (H)the tradition of (I)the elders, (J)but eat with (K)defiled hands?” And he said to them, “Well did Isaiah prophesy of you (L)hypocrites, as it is written,

(M)“‘This people honors me with their lips,
    but their heart is far from me;
in vain do they worship me,
    teaching as (N)doctrines the commandments of men.’

You leave the commandment of God and hold to the tradition of men.”

And he said to them, “You have a fine way of (O)rejecting the commandment of God in order to establish your tradition! 10 For Moses said, (P)‘Honor your father and your mother’; and, (Q)‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’ 11 But you say, ‘If a man tells his father or his mother, “Whatever you would have gained from me is Corban”’ (that is, given to God)[d] 12 then you no longer permit him to do anything for his father or mother, 13 thus (R)making void the word of God by your tradition that you have handed down. And many such things you do.”

What Defiles a Person

14 And he called the people to him again and said to them, (S)“Hear me, all of you, and understand: 15 (T)There is nothing outside a person that by going into him can defile him, but the things that come out of a person are what defile him.”[e] 17 And when he had entered (U)the house and left the people, (V)his disciples asked him about the parable. 18 And he said to them, “Then (W)are you also without understanding? Do you not see that whatever goes into a person from outside cannot defile him, 19 since it enters not his heart (X)but his stomach, and is expelled?”[f] ((Y)Thus he declared all foods clean.) 20 And he said, (Z)“What comes out of a person is what defiles him. 21 For from within, out of the heart of man, come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, (AA)murder, adultery, 22 coveting, wickedness, deceit, (AB)sensuality, (AC)envy, (AD)slander, (AE)pride, (AF)foolishness. 23 (AG)All these evil things come from within, and they defile a person.”

The Syrophoenician Woman's Faith

24 And from there he arose and went away to the region of Tyre and Sidon.[g] And he entered a house and did not want anyone to know, yet he could not be hidden. 25 But immediately a woman whose little daughter had an unclean spirit heard of him and came and fell down at his feet. 26 (AH)Now the woman was a (AI)Gentile, (AJ)a Syrophoenician by birth. And she begged him to cast the demon out of her daughter. 27 And he said to her, “Let the children be (AK)fed first, for it is not right to take the children's bread and (AL)throw it to the dogs.” 28 But she answered him, “Yes, Lord; yet even the dogs under the table eat the children's (AM)crumbs.” 29 And he said to her, “For this statement you may (AN)go your way; the demon has left your daughter.” 30 And she went home and found the child lying in bed and the demon gone.

Jesus Heals a Deaf Man

31 (AO)Then he returned from the region of Tyre and went through Sidon to (AP)the Sea of Galilee, in the region of the (AQ)Decapolis. 32 And they brought to him (AR)a man who was deaf and (AS)had a speech impediment, and they begged him to (AT)lay his hand on him. 33 And (AU)taking him aside from the crowd privately, he put his fingers into his ears, and (AV)after spitting touched his tongue. 34 And (AW)looking up to heaven, (AX)he sighed and said to him, “Ephphatha,” that is, “Be opened.” 35 (AY)And his ears were opened, his tongue was released, and he spoke plainly. 36 And (AZ)Jesus[h] charged them to tell no one. But (BA)the more he charged them, the more zealously they proclaimed it. 37 And they were (BB)astonished beyond measure, saying, “He has done all things well. He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:3 Greek unless they wash the hands with a fist, probably indicating a kind of ceremonial washing
  2. Mark 7:4 Greek unless they baptize; some manuscripts unless they purify themselves
  3. Mark 7:4 Some manuscripts omit and dining couches
  4. Mark 7:11 Or an offering
  5. Mark 7:15 Some manuscripts add verse 16: If anyone has ears to hear, let him hear
  6. Mark 7:19 Greek goes out into the latrine
  7. Mark 7:24 Some manuscripts omit and Sidon
  8. Mark 7:36 Greek he