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Parábola del sembrador (Mt 13,1-9; Lc 8,4-8)

De nuevo comenzó Jesús a enseñar a la orilla del lago. Y se le reunió tanta gente que decidió subir a una barca que estaba en el lago y sentarse en ella, mientras la gente permanecía junto al lago en tierra firme. Entonces Jesús se puso a enseñarles muchas cosas por medio de parábolas. Les decía en su enseñanza:

— Escuchad: Una vez, un sembrador salió a sembrar. Al lanzar la semilla, una parte cayó al borde del camino y llegaron los pájaros y se la comieron. Otra parte cayó entre las piedras, donde había poca tierra; y como la tierra no era profunda, la semilla brotó muy pronto; pero en cuanto salió el sol, se agostó y, al no tener raíz, se secó. Otra parte de la semilla cayó entre cardos, y los cardos crecieron y la ahogaron sin dejarle que diera fruto. Otra parte, en fin, cayó en tierra fértil y germinó y creció y dio fruto: unas espigas dieron grano al treinta; otras, al sesenta; y otras al ciento por uno.

Jesús añadió:

— Quien pueda entender esto, que lo entienda.

El porqué de las parábolas (Mt 13,10-17; Lc 8,9-10)

10 Cuando Jesús se quedó a solas, los que lo rodeaban, junto con los Doce, le preguntaron por el significado de las parábolas. 11 Les dijo:

— A vosotros, Dios os permite conocer el secreto de su reino; pero a los otros, los de fuera, todo les llega por medio de parábolas, 12 para que, aunque miren, no vean; y aunque escuchen, no entiendan, no sea que se conviertan y sean perdonados.

Explicación de la parábola del sembrador (Mt 13,18-23; Lc 8,11-15)

13 Y Jesús continuó:

— ¿No comprendéis esta parábola? Entonces, ¿cómo comprenderéis todas las demás? 14 El sembrador representa al que anuncia el mensaje. 15 Hay quienes son como la semilla que cayó al borde del camino: escuchan el mensaje, pero luego llega Satanás y se lleva lo que ya estaba sembrado en ellos. 16 Otros son como la semilla que cayó entre las piedras: oyen el mensaje y de momento lo reciben con alegría; 17 pero no tienen raíces y son volubles; así que, cuando les llegan las pruebas o persecuciones a causa del propio mensaje, en seguida sucumben. 18 Otros son como la semilla que cayó entre los cardos: oyen el mensaje, 19 pero los problemas de la vida, el apego a las riquezas y otras apetencias, llegan y lo ahogan de manera que no da fruto. 20 Otros, en fin, son como la semilla que cayó en tierra fértil: oyen el mensaje, lo reciben y dan fruto al treinta, al sesenta o al ciento por uno.

La lámpara y la medida (Mt 5,15; Lc 8,16-18; 11,33)

21 También les dijo:

— ¿Acaso se enciende una lámpara para taparla con una vasija o meterla debajo de la cama? ¿No se la enciende, más bien, para ponerla en el candelero? 22 Pues nada hay escondido que no haya de ser descubierto, ni hay nada hecho en secreto que no haya de salir a la luz. 23 Si alguien puede entender esto, que lo entienda.

24 También les dijo:

— Prestad atención a lo que oís: Dios os medirá con la misma medida con que vosotros medís a los demás, y lo hará con creces. 25 Porque al que tiene, se le dará más todavía; pero al que no tiene, hasta lo que tenga se le quitará.

La semilla que germina y crece por sí sola

26 También dijo:

— Con el reino de Dios sucede lo mismo que con la semilla que un hombre siembra en la tierra: 27 tanto si duerme como si está despierto, así de noche como de día, la semilla germina y crece, aunque él no sepa cómo. 28 La tierra, por sí misma, la lleva a dar fruto: primero brota la hierba, luego se forma la espiga y, por último, el grano que llena la espiga. 29 Y cuando el grano ya está en sazón, en seguida se mete la hoz, porque ha llegado el tiempo de la cosecha.

Parábola de la semilla de mostaza (Mt 13,31-32; Lc 13,18-19)

30 También dijo:

— ¿A qué compararemos el reino de Dios? ¿Con qué parábola lo representaremos? 31 Es como el grano de mostaza, que, cuando se siembra, es la más pequeña de todas las semillas de la tierra; 32 pero una vez sembrado, crece más que todas las otras plantas y echa ramas tan grandes que a su sombra anidan los pájaros.

Conclusión de la enseñanza en parábolas (Mt 13,34)

33 Con estas y otras muchas parábolas les anunciaba Jesús el mensaje, en la medida en que podían comprenderlo. 34 Y sin parábolas no les decía nada. Luego, a solas, se lo explicaba todo a sus discípulos.

Jesús apacigua una tempestad (Mt 8,23-27; Lc 8,22-25)

35 Ese mismo día, al anochecer, Jesús dijo a sus discípulos:

— Vayamos a la otra orilla del lago.

36 En seguida, dejando allí a la gente, lo llevaron en la barca tal como estaba. Otras barcas iban con él. 37 De pronto, se levantó una gran tormenta de viento. Las olas azotaban la barca que comenzó a inundarse. 38 Jesús, entretanto, estaba en la popa durmiendo sobre un cabezal. Los discípulos lo despertaron, diciendo:

— Maestro, ¿no te importa que estemos a punto de perecer?

39 Jesús se incorporó, increpó al viento y dijo al lago:

— ¡Silencio! ¡Cállate!

El viento cesó y todo quedó en calma. 40 Entonces les dijo:

— ¿A qué viene ese miedo? ¿Dónde está vuestra fe?

41 Pero ellos seguían aterrados, preguntándose unos a otros:

— ¿Quién es este, que hasta el viento y el lago le obedecen?

El ejemplo de las semillas

Otro día, Jesús estaba enseñando a la orilla del Lago de Galilea. Como mucha gente se reunió para escucharlo, Jesús tuvo que subir a una barca y sentarse[a] para hablar desde allí. La gente se quedó de pie en la playa.

Jesús les enseñó muchas cosas por medio de ejemplos y comparaciones. Les puso esta comparación:

«Escuchen bien esto: Un campesino salió a sembrar trigo. Mientras sembraba, algunas semillas cayeron en el camino. Poco después vinieron unos pájaros y se las comieron.

»Otras semillas cayeron en un terreno con muchas piedras y poca tierra. Como la tierra era poco profunda, pronto brotaron plantas de trigo. Pero las plantas no duraron mucho tiempo. Al salir el sol se quemaron, porque no tenían buenas raíces.

»Otras semillas cayeron entre espinos. Cuando los espinos crecieron, ahogaron el trigo y no lo dejaron crecer. Por eso, las semillas no produjeron nada.

»En cambio, otras semillas cayeron en buena tierra, y sus espigas crecieron muy bien y produjeron una muy buena cosecha. Algunas espigas produjeron treinta semillas, otras sesenta, y otras cien.»

Luego Jesús dijo: «¡Si en verdad tienen oídos, presten mucha atención!»

¿Por qué Jesús enseña con ejemplos?

10 Después, cuando ya se había ido casi toda la gente, los que se quedaron con Jesús y los doce discípulos le preguntaron qué significaba el ejemplo del campesino. 11 Jesús les respondió:

«A ustedes les he explicado los secretos del reino de Dios, pero a los demás les enseño solamente por medio de ejemplos. 12 Así, aunque miren, no verán, y aunque oigan, no entenderán, a menos que se arrepientan de sus pecados y pidan perdón a Dios.»

Jesús explica el ejemplo de las semillas

13 Jesús les dijo:

«Si no entienden el ejemplo de las semillas, ¿cómo van a entender los otros ejemplos y comparaciones?

14 »El campesino representa al que anuncia las buenas noticias. 15 Las semillas que cayeron en el camino representan a los que escuchan las buenas noticias, pero luego viene Satanás y hace que olviden todo lo que oyeron.

16 »Las semillas que cayeron entre piedras representan a quienes oyen el mensaje del reino de Dios y rápidamente lo aceptan con gran alegría. 17 Pero como no lo entienden muy bien, la alegría les dura muy poco. Tan pronto como tienen problemas, o son maltratados por ser obedientes a Dios, se olvidan del mensaje.

18 »Hay otros que son como las semillas que cayeron entre los espinos. Oyen el mensaje, 19 pero no dejan que el mensaje cambie su vida. Sólo piensan en las cosas que necesitan, en cómo ganar dinero, y en cómo disfrutar de esta vida.

20 »Finalmente, las semillas que cayeron en buena tierra representan a los que escuchan el mensaje y lo aceptan. Esas personas cambian su vida y hacen lo bueno. Son como las semillas que produjeron espigas con treinta, sesenta y hasta cien semillas.»

El ejemplo de la luz

21 Después de esto, Jesús les dijo:

«¿Se enciende una lámpara para ponerla debajo de un cajón, o debajo de la cama? ¡Claro que no! Se enciende y se pone en un lugar alto, para que alumbre bien. 22 Porque todo lo que esté escondido se descubrirá, y todo lo que se mantenga en secreto llegará a saberse.

23 »Si en verdad tienen oídos, ¡úsenlos!»

24 También les dijo:

«¡Presten mucha atención! Dios les dará a ustedes la misma cantidad que ustedes den a los demás, y mucho más todavía. 25 Porque al que tenga algo, se le dará más; pero al que no tenga nada, se le quitará aun lo poquito que tenga.»

La comparación de la semilla que crece

26 Jesús también les puso esta otra comparación:

«Con el reino de Dios pasa algo parecido a lo que sucede cuando un hombre siembra una semilla en la tierra. 27 No importa si ese hombre está dormido o despierto, o si es de noche o de día; la semilla siempre nace y crece sin que el campesino entienda cómo. 28 La tierra produce primero el tallo, después la espiga, y finalmente las semillas. 29 Y cuando llega el tiempo de la cosecha, el campesino recoge las semillas.»

La semilla de mostaza

30 Jesús también dijo:

«¿Con qué puede compararse el reino de Dios? ¿A qué se parece? 31 Es como la semilla de mostaza que el campesino siembra en la tierra. A pesar de que es la más pequeña de todas las semillas del mundo, 32 cuando crece llega a ser la más grande de las plantas del huerto. ¡Tiene ramas bien grandes, y hasta los pájaros pueden hacer nidos bajo su sombra!»

Las comparaciones que usaba Jesús

33 Jesús enseñó el mensaje del reino de Dios por medio de muchas comparaciones, de acuerdo con lo que la gente podía entender. 34 Hablaba solamente por medio de comparaciones y ejemplos, pero cuando estaba a solas con sus discípulos les explicaba todo con claridad.

La gran tormenta

35 Ese mismo día, cuando llegó la noche, Jesús les dijo a sus discípulos: «Vamos al otro lado del lago.»

36 Entonces dejaron a la gente y atravesaron el lago en una barca. Algunos fueron también en otras barcas.

37 De pronto se desató una tormenta. El viento soplaba tan fuerte que las olas se metían en la barca, y ésta empezó a llenarse de agua.

38 Entre tanto, Jesús se había quedado dormido en la parte de atrás de la barca, recostado sobre una almohada. Los discípulos lo despertaron y le gritaron:

—Maestro, ¿no te importa que nos estemos hundiendo?

39 Jesús se levantó y ordenó al viento y al mar que se calmaran. Enseguida el viento se calmó, y todo quedó completamente tranquilo.

40 Entonces Jesús dijo a sus discípulos:

—¿Por qué estaban tan asustados? ¿Todavía no confían en mí?

41 Pero ellos estaban muy asombrados, y se decían unos a otros: «¿Quién es este hombre, que hasta el viento y el mar lo obedecen?»

Footnotes

  1. Marcos 4:1 Sentarse: En la época de Jesús, los maestros acostumbraban sentarse para enseñar.

And he began again to teach by the sea side: and there was gathered unto him a great multitude, so that he entered into a ship, and sat in the sea; and the whole multitude was by the sea on the land.

And he taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in his doctrine,

Hearken; Behold, there went out a sower to sow:

And it came to pass, as he sowed, some fell by the way side, and the fowls of the air came and devoured it up.

And some fell on stony ground, where it had not much earth; and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of earth:

But when the sun was up, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.

And some fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.

And other fell on good ground, and did yield fruit that sprang up and increased; and brought forth, some thirty, and some sixty, and some an hundred.

And he said unto them, He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.

10 And when he was alone, they that were about him with the twelve asked of him the parable.

11 And he said unto them, Unto you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom of God: but unto them that are without, all these things are done in parables:

12 That seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest at any time they should be converted, and their sins should be forgiven them.

13 And he said unto them, Know ye not this parable? and how then will ye know all parables?

14 The sower soweth the word.

15 And these are they by the way side, where the word is sown; but when they have heard, Satan cometh immediately, and taketh away the word that was sown in their hearts.

16 And these are they likewise which are sown on stony ground; who, when they have heard the word, immediately receive it with gladness;

17 And have no root in themselves, and so endure but for a time: afterward, when affliction or persecution ariseth for the word's sake, immediately they are offended.

18 And these are they which are sown among thorns; such as hear the word,

19 And the cares of this world, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in, choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful.

20 And these are they which are sown on good ground; such as hear the word, and receive it, and bring forth fruit, some thirtyfold, some sixty, and some an hundred.

21 And he said unto them, Is a candle brought to be put under a bushel, or under a bed? and not to be set on a candlestick?

22 For there is nothing hid, which shall not be manifested; neither was any thing kept secret, but that it should come abroad.

23 If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.

24 And he said unto them, Take heed what ye hear: with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you: and unto you that hear shall more be given.

25 For he that hath, to him shall be given: and he that hath not, from him shall be taken even that which he hath.

26 And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground;

27 And should sleep, and rise night and day, and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth not how.

28 For the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear.

29 But when the fruit is brought forth, immediately he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come.

30 And he said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God? or with what comparison shall we compare it?

31 It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth:

32 But when it is sown, it groweth up, and becometh greater than all herbs, and shooteth out great branches; so that the fowls of the air may lodge under the shadow of it.

33 And with many such parables spake he the word unto them, as they were able to hear it.

34 But without a parable spake he not unto them: and when they were alone, he expounded all things to his disciples.

35 And the same day, when the even was come, he saith unto them, Let us pass over unto the other side.

36 And when they had sent away the multitude, they took him even as he was in the ship. And there were also with him other little ships.

37 And there arose a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the ship, so that it was now full.

38 And he was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow: and they awake him, and say unto him, Master, carest thou not that we perish?

39 And he arose, and rebuked the wind, and said unto the sea, Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm.

40 And he said unto them, Why are ye so fearful? how is it that ye have no faith?

41 And they feared exceedingly, and said one to another, What manner of man is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?

The Parable of the Sower(A)(B)

Again Jesus began to teach by the lake.(C) The crowd that gathered around him was so large that he got into a boat and sat in it out on the lake, while all the people were along the shore at the water’s edge. He taught them many things by parables,(D) and in his teaching said: “Listen! A farmer went out to sow his seed.(E) As he was scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up. Some fell on rocky places, where it did not have much soil. It sprang up quickly, because the soil was shallow. But when the sun came up, the plants were scorched, and they withered because they had no root. Other seed fell among thorns, which grew up and choked the plants, so that they did not bear grain. Still other seed fell on good soil. It came up, grew and produced a crop, some multiplying thirty, some sixty, some a hundred times.”(F)

Then Jesus said, “Whoever has ears to hear, let them hear.”(G)

10 When he was alone, the Twelve and the others around him asked him about the parables. 11 He told them, “The secret of the kingdom of God(H) has been given to you. But to those on the outside(I) everything is said in parables 12 so that,

“‘they may be ever seeing but never perceiving,
    and ever hearing but never understanding;
otherwise they might turn and be forgiven!’[a](J)

13 Then Jesus said to them, “Don’t you understand this parable? How then will you understand any parable? 14 The farmer sows the word.(K) 15 Some people are like seed along the path, where the word is sown. As soon as they hear it, Satan(L) comes and takes away the word that was sown in them. 16 Others, like seed sown on rocky places, hear the word and at once receive it with joy. 17 But since they have no root, they last only a short time. When trouble or persecution comes because of the word, they quickly fall away. 18 Still others, like seed sown among thorns, hear the word; 19 but the worries of this life, the deceitfulness of wealth(M) and the desires for other things come in and choke the word, making it unfruitful. 20 Others, like seed sown on good soil, hear the word, accept it, and produce a crop—some thirty, some sixty, some a hundred times what was sown.”

A Lamp on a Stand

21 He said to them, “Do you bring in a lamp to put it under a bowl or a bed? Instead, don’t you put it on its stand?(N) 22 For whatever is hidden is meant to be disclosed, and whatever is concealed is meant to be brought out into the open.(O) 23 If anyone has ears to hear, let them hear.”(P)

24 “Consider carefully what you hear,” he continued. “With the measure you use, it will be measured to you—and even more.(Q) 25 Whoever has will be given more; whoever does not have, even what they have will be taken from them.”(R)

The Parable of the Growing Seed

26 He also said, “This is what the kingdom of God is like.(S) A man scatters seed on the ground. 27 Night and day, whether he sleeps or gets up, the seed sprouts and grows, though he does not know how. 28 All by itself the soil produces grain—first the stalk, then the head, then the full kernel in the head. 29 As soon as the grain is ripe, he puts the sickle to it, because the harvest has come.”(T)

The Parable of the Mustard Seed(U)

30 Again he said, “What shall we say the kingdom of God is like,(V) or what parable shall we use to describe it? 31 It is like a mustard seed, which is the smallest of all seeds on earth. 32 Yet when planted, it grows and becomes the largest of all garden plants, with such big branches that the birds can perch in its shade.”

33 With many similar parables Jesus spoke the word to them, as much as they could understand.(W) 34 He did not say anything to them without using a parable.(X) But when he was alone with his own disciples, he explained everything.

Jesus Calms the Storm(Y)

35 That day when evening came, he said to his disciples, “Let us go over to the other side.” 36 Leaving the crowd behind, they took him along, just as he was, in the boat.(Z) There were also other boats with him. 37 A furious squall came up, and the waves broke over the boat, so that it was nearly swamped. 38 Jesus was in the stern, sleeping on a cushion. The disciples woke him and said to him, “Teacher, don’t you care if we drown?”

39 He got up, rebuked the wind and said to the waves, “Quiet! Be still!” Then the wind died down and it was completely calm.

40 He said to his disciples, “Why are you so afraid? Do you still have no faith?”(AA)

41 They were terrified and asked each other, “Who is this? Even the wind and the waves obey him!”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 4:12 Isaiah 6:9,10

The Parable of the Sower(A)

And (B)again He began to teach by the sea. And a great multitude was gathered to Him, so that He got into a boat and sat in it on the sea; and the whole multitude was on the land facing the sea. Then He taught them many things by parables, (C)and said to them in His teaching:

“Listen! Behold, a sower went out to sow. And it happened, as he sowed, that some seed fell by the wayside; and the birds [a]of the air came and devoured it. Some fell on stony ground, where it did not have much earth; and immediately it sprang up because it had no depth of earth. But when the sun was up it was scorched, and because it had no root it withered away. And some seed fell among thorns; and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no [b]crop. But other seed fell on good ground and yielded a crop that sprang up, increased and produced: some thirtyfold, some sixty, and some a hundred.”

And He said [c]to them, “He who has ears to hear, let him hear!”

The Purpose of Parables(D)

10 (E)But when He was alone, those around Him with the twelve asked Him about the parable. 11 And He said to them, “To you it has been given to (F)know the [d]mystery of the kingdom of God; but to (G)those who are outside, all things come in parables, 12 so that

(H)‘Seeing they may see and not perceive,
And hearing they may hear and not understand;
Lest they should turn,
And their sins be forgiven them.’

The Parable of the Sower Explained(I)

13 And He said to them, “Do you not understand this parable? How then will you understand all the parables? 14 (J)The sower sows the word. 15 And these are the ones by the wayside where the word is sown. When they hear, Satan comes immediately and takes away the word that was sown in their hearts. 16 These likewise are the ones sown on stony ground who, when they hear the word, immediately receive it with gladness; 17 and they have no root in themselves, and so endure only for a time. Afterward, when tribulation or persecution arises for the word’s sake, immediately they stumble. 18 Now these are the ones sown among thorns; they are the ones who hear the word, 19 and the (K)cares of this world, (L)the deceitfulness of riches, and the desires for other things entering in choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful. 20 But these are the ones sown on good ground, those who hear the word, [e]accept it, and bear (M)fruit: some thirtyfold, some sixty, and some a hundred.”

Light Under a Basket(N)

21 (O)Also He said to them, “Is a lamp brought to be put under a basket or under a bed? Is it not to be set on a lampstand? 22 (P)For there is nothing hidden which will not be revealed, nor has anything been kept secret but that it should come to light. 23 (Q)If anyone has ears to hear, let him hear.”

24 Then He said to them, “Take heed what you hear. (R)With the same measure you use, it will be measured to you; and to you who hear, more will be given. 25 (S)For whoever has, to him more will be given; but whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him.”

The Parable of the Growing Seed

26 And He said, (T)“The kingdom of God is as if a man should [f]scatter seed on the ground, 27 and should sleep by night and rise by day, and the seed should sprout and (U)grow, he himself does not know how. 28 For the earth (V)yields crops by itself: first the blade, then the head, after that the full grain in the head. 29 But when the grain ripens, immediately (W)he puts in the sickle, because the harvest has come.”

The Parable of the Mustard Seed(X)

30 Then He said, (Y)“To what shall we liken the kingdom of God? Or with what parable shall we picture it? 31 It is like a mustard seed which, when it is sown on the ground, is smaller than all the seeds on earth; 32 but when it is sown, it grows up and becomes greater than all herbs, and shoots out large branches, so that the birds of the air may nest under its shade.”

Jesus’ Use of Parables

33 (Z)And with many such parables He spoke the word to them as they were able to hear it. 34 But without a parable He did not speak to them. And when they were alone, (AA)He explained all things to His disciples.

Wind and Wave Obey Jesus(AB)

35 (AC)On the same day, when evening had come, He said to them, “Let us cross over to the other side.” 36 Now when they had left the multitude, they took Him along in the boat as He was. And other little boats were also with Him. 37 And a great windstorm arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so that it was already filling. 38 But He was in the stern, asleep on a pillow. And they awoke Him and said to Him, (AD)“Teacher, (AE)do You not care that we are perishing?”

39 Then He arose and (AF)rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, (AG)“Peace,[g] be still!” And the wind ceased and there was a great calm. 40 But He said to them, “Why are you so fearful? (AH)How[h] is it that you have no faith?” 41 And they feared exceedingly, and said to one another, “Who can this be, that even the wind and the sea obey Him!”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 4:4 NU, M omit of the air
  2. Mark 4:7 Lit. fruit
  3. Mark 4:9 NU, M omit to them
  4. Mark 4:11 secret or hidden truths
  5. Mark 4:20 receive
  6. Mark 4:26 sow
  7. Mark 4:39 Lit. Be quiet
  8. Mark 4:40 NU Have you still no faith?