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Planean matar a Jesús

(Mt 26:1-5; Lc 22:1-2; Jn 11:45-53)

14 Faltaban dos días para la fiesta de la Pascua y de los Panes sin Levadura. Los jefes de los sacerdotes y los maestros de la ley empezaron a buscar una manera de arrestar a Jesús mediante algún engaño y matarlo. Pero decían: «No lo hagamos durante la fiesta para que no haya un disturbio entre el pueblo».

Una mujer echa perfume sobre Jesús

(Mt 26:6-13; Jn 12:1-8)

Jesús estaba en Betania comiendo en la casa de un hombre llamado Simón el leproso. En eso llegó una mujer con un frasco de alabastro que contenía un costoso perfume en aceite hecho de nardo puro. Ella rompió el frasco y derramó el aceite sobre la cabeza de Jesús.

Algunos de los que estaban allí se enojaron y se dijeron entre ellos:

—¿Por qué desperdiciar el perfume en aceite de esa manera? Podría haberlo vendido por el equivalente a casi un año de salario[a] y dar el dinero a los pobres.

Todos la criticaban.

Pero Jesús dijo:

—¡Déjenla en paz! ¿Por qué la molestan? Ella ha hecho algo maravilloso para mí. Pues siempre tendrán a los pobres con ustedes[b] y los pueden ayudar en cualquier momento; pero no siempre me tendrán a mí. Ella hizo lo que podía: derramó de antemano aceite sobre mi cuerpo preparándolo para mi entierro. Les digo la verdad: en cualquier parte del mundo donde se anuncie la buena noticia, se contará también lo que ella ha hecho, para que la gente la recuerde.

Judas traiciona a Jesús

(Mt 26:14-16; Lc 22:3-6)

10 Después, Judas Iscariote, uno de los doce, fue a los jefes de los sacerdotes para entregarles a Jesús. 11 Ellos se alegraron al oírle y le prometieron dinero a cambio. Así que Judas empezó a buscar una oportunidad para traicionar a Jesús.

Preparación de la cena de la Pascua

(Mt 26:17-25; Lc 22:7-14, 21-23; Jn 13:21-30)

12 Era el primer día de la fiesta de los Panes sin Levadura, cuando se sacrificaba al cordero para la Pascua. Los seguidores le dijeron a Jesús:

—¿Dónde quieres que hagamos los preparativos para celebrar la cena de la Pascua?

13 Jesús entonces envió a dos de sus seguidores, diciéndoles:

—Vayan a la ciudad y encontrarán a un hombre llevando un cántaro de agua. Síganlo, 14 y donde él entre díganle al dueño de la casa: “El Maestro pregunta: ¿Dónde está el cuarto donde voy a comer la Pascua con mis seguidores?” 15 Entonces el dueño les mostrará un cuarto grande en el piso de arriba, arreglado y listo. Preparen la cena allí para nosotros.

16 Los seguidores salieron hacia la ciudad, encontraron todo tal como Jesús les había dicho y prepararon la cena de la Pascua.

17 Al anochecer llegó Jesús con los doce. 18 Mientras estaban a la mesa cenando, Jesús dijo:

—Les digo la verdad: uno de ustedes que come conmigo ahora, me traicionará. Es uno de los que están cenando conmigo ahora.

19 Ellos se sintieron muy tristes al oír esas palabras y cada uno dijo:

—De seguro no seré yo.

20 Jesús continuó diciendo:

—Es uno de ustedes doce. El que moja su pan en el mismo plato que yo. 21 El Hijo del hombre tiene que morir tal como está escrito. Pero, ¡pobre de aquel que traicione y entregue al Hijo del hombre! Más le valdría no haber nacido.

La Cena del Señor

(Mt 26:26-30; Lc 22:15-20; 1 Co 11:23-25)

22 Mientras comían, Jesús tomó el pan, dio gracias a Dios, lo partió, se lo dio a ellos y dijo:

—Tomen este pan, es mi cuerpo.

23 Luego Jesús tomó la copa, dio gracias, se la entregó a los seguidores y todos bebieron de ella, 24 y dijo:

—Esto es mi sangre que establece el nuevo pacto, la cual es derramada por muchos. 25 Les digo la verdad: no volveré a beber vino hasta el día en que beba vino nuevo en el reino de Dios.

26 Después cantaron una canción de alabanza y se fueron al monte de los Olivos.

Se anuncia la negación de Pedro

(Mt 26:31-35; Lc 22:31-34; Jn 13:36-38)

27 (A)Allí Jesús les dijo:

—Todos ustedes perderán la fe, porque así está escrito:

“Mataré al pastor
    y todas las ovejas serán dispersadas”.[c]

28 Pero después de que yo resucite, iré delante de ustedes a Galilea.

29 Pedro le dijo:

—Aunque todos los demás pierdan la fe, yo no perderé mi fe.

30 Jesús le respondió:

—Te digo la verdad: hoy, esta misma noche, antes de que el gallo cante por la segunda vez, me negarás tres veces.

31 Pero Pedro insistió:

—Aun si tengo que morir contigo, no te negaré.

Y todos los demás decían lo mismo.

Jesús ora solo

(Mt 26:36-46; Lc 22:39-46)

32 Después fueron a un lugar llamado Getsemaní, y Jesús les dijo a sus seguidores:

—Siéntense aquí mientras voy a orar.

33 Jesús tomó a Pedro, Santiago y Juan. Comenzó a sentirse afligido y a angustiarse mucho. 34 Les dijo:

—¡Mi tristeza es tan grande que me siento morir! Quédense aquí y manténganse despiertos.

35 Caminó un poco, se postró rostro en tierra y oró que, de ser posible, no tuviera que pasar por ese momento difícil, 36 diciendo: «Querido padre[d], para ti todo es posible. Líbrame de esta copa, pero no hagas lo que yo quiero, sino lo que quieres tú».

37 Luego Jesús regresó, los encontró durmiendo y le dijo a Pedro:

—¿Simón, estás dormido? ¿No pudiste estar despierto por una hora? 38 Permanezcan alerta y oren para que no caigan en tentación. El espíritu está dispuesto a hacer lo correcto, pero el cuerpo es débil.

39 De nuevo Jesús se alejó para orar y dijo las mismas palabras. 40 Luego regresó a donde estaban los seguidores y los encontró durmiendo porque sus ojos se les cerraban de tanto sueño. No supieron qué responderle.

41 Jesús salió a orar y regresó por tercera vez, y les dijo:

—¿Todavía están durmiendo y descansando? ¡Ya basta! Ha llegado el momento en que el Hijo del hombre será entregado en manos de pecadores. 42 ¡Levántense y vámonos! ¡Miren, aquí viene el que me va a traicionar!

Arresto de Jesús

(Mt 26:47-56; Lc 22:47-53; Jn 18:3-12)

43 Mientras Jesús todavía estaba hablando, apareció de repente Judas, uno de los doce. Junto con él había mucha gente armada con espadas y garrotes. Todos ellos habían sido enviados por los jefes de los sacerdotes, los maestros de la ley y los ancianos líderes. 44 El que lo traicionaba les había dado una señal, diciéndoles: «Al que yo salude con un beso, ese es. Arréstenlo y llévenselo preso». 45 Así que Judas se acercó a Jesús y le dijo:

—¡Maestro!

Y le dio un beso en la mejilla. 46 Entonces agarraron a Jesús y lo arrestaron. 47 Pero uno de los que estaban junto a Jesús sacó la espada y le cortó la oreja a uno de los siervos del sumo sacerdote. 48 Jesús les dijo:

—¿Es que yo soy un bandido para que ustedes vengan a llevarme preso con espadas y garrotes? 49 Yo he estado todos los días con ustedes enseñándoles en el área del templo y nunca me arrestaron. Pero esto sucede para que se cumpla lo que está en las Escrituras.

50 Entonces, todos sus seguidores lo abandonaron y huyeron. 51 Un joven vestido sólo con una sábana siguió a Jesús y también trataron de arrestarlo. 52 Pero el joven soltó la sábana y huyó desnudo.

Jesús ante el Consejo

(Mt 26:57-68; Lc 22:54-55, 63-71; Jn 18:13-14, 19-24)

53 Luego llevaron a Jesús ante el sumo sacerdote. Se reunieron allí todos los jefes de los sacerdotes, los ancianos líderes y los maestros de la ley. 54 Pedro siguió a Jesús a cierta distancia, entró al patio de la casa del sumo sacerdote y se sentó con los guardias cerca del fuego, para calentarse.

55 Los jefes de los sacerdotes y todos los miembros del Consejo buscaban alguna excusa para condenar a muerte a Jesús, pero no lograban encontrar ninguna. 56 Porque muchos dieron testimonios falsos contra Jesús, pero no coincidían. 57 Entonces se levantaron algunos y dieron contra él este falso testimonio:

58 —Lo escuchamos decir: “Voy a destruir este templo que los hombres han construido y en tres días voy a construir otro sin ayuda de ningún ser humano”.

59 Pero este testimonio tampoco coincidía con los otros. 60 Luego el sumo sacerdote se levantó y frente a todos le preguntó a Jesús:

—¿Acaso no vas a responder nada? ¿Qué significa lo que estos testifican en tu contra?

61 Pero Jesús se quedó callado, sin responder nada. De nuevo el sumo sacerdote le preguntó:

—¿Eres tú el Mesías, el Hijo del Dios Bendito?

62 Y Jesús le dijo:

—Sí, lo soy. Y ustedes verán al Hijo del hombre sentado a la derecha del Todopoderoso y lo verán venir en las nubes del cielo.

63 El sumo sacerdote se rasgó la ropa y dijo:

—¿Para qué necesitamos más testigos? 64 ¡Ustedes acaban de escuchar semejante ofensa contra Dios! ¿Qué les parece?

Y todos lo condenaron a muerte. 65 Algunos le escupieron, le vendaron los ojos y le dieron puñetazos diciendo:

—¡Demuéstranos que eres profeta, dinos quién te pegó!

Luego los guardias se lo llevaron y lo golpearon.

La negación de Pedro

(Mt 26:69-75; Lc 22:56-62; Jn 18:15-18, 25-27)

66 Mientras Pedro estaba todavía en el patio de la casa del sumo sacerdote, una de las siervas de la casa se acercó 67 y vio a Pedro calentándose. La muchacha le dijo:

—Tú también estabas con Jesús de Nazaret.

68 Pero Pedro lo negó:

—No lo conozco y no sé de qué estás hablando.

Y se fue a la entrada del patio.[e] 69 La sierva volvió a ver a Pedro y dijo de nuevo a los que estaban allí:

—Este hombre es uno de ellos.

70 Pero Pedro volvió a negarlo. Al rato los que estaban allí le dijeron a Pedro:

—Seguro que eres uno de ellos porque tú eres de Galilea.

71 Entonces él comenzó a maldecir y a jurar:

—¡No conozco a ese hombre del que están hablando!

72 Enseguida cantó el gallo por segunda vez y Pedro recordó las palabras de Jesús: «Antes de que el gallo cante por segunda vez, me negarás tres veces», y se echó a llorar.

Footnotes

  1. 14:5 equivalente […] de salario Textualmente 300 denarios (monedas de plata). Un denario, moneda romana, era el pago promedio por un día de trabajo.
  2. 14:7 Ver Dt 15:11.
  3. 14:27 Cita de Zac 13:7.
  4. 14:36 Querido padre Textualmente Abba una palabra en idioma arameo. Los niños llamaban Abba a su papá.
  5. 14:68 Algunos manuscritos añaden: y se oyó cantar a un gallo.

Chapter 14

The Conspiracy Against Jesus. [a]The Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread[b] were to take place in two days’ time.(A) So the chief priests and the scribes were seeking a way to arrest him by treachery and put him to death. They said, “Not during the festival, for fear that there may be a riot among the people.”

The Anointing at Bethany.[c] When he was in Bethany reclining at table in the house of Simon the leper,(B) a woman came with an alabaster jar of perfumed oil, costly genuine spikenard. She broke the alabaster jar and poured it on his head. There were some who were indignant. “Why has there been this waste of perfumed oil? It could have been sold for more than three hundred days’ wages and the money given to the poor.” They were infuriated with her. Jesus said, “Let her alone. Why do you make trouble for her? She has done a good thing for me. The poor you will always have with you, and whenever you wish you can do good to them, but you will not always have me. She has done what she could. She has anticipated anointing my body for burial. Amen, I say to you, wherever the gospel is proclaimed to the whole world, what she has done will be told in memory of her.”

The Betrayal by Judas. 10 (C)Then Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve, went off to the chief priests to hand him over to them. 11 When they heard him they were pleased and promised to pay him money. Then he looked for an opportunity to hand him over.

Preparations for the Passover. 12 (D)On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, when they sacrificed the Passover lamb,[d] his disciples said to him, “Where do you want us to go and prepare for you to eat the Passover?” 13 He sent two of his disciples and said to them, “Go into the city and a man will meet you, carrying a jar of water.[e] Follow him. 14 Wherever he enters, say to the master of the house, ‘The Teacher says, “Where is my guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?”’ 15 Then he will show you a large upper room furnished and ready. Make the preparations for us there.” 16 The disciples then went off, entered the city, and found it just as he had told them; and they prepared the Passover.

The Betrayer. 17 (E)When it was evening, he came with the Twelve. 18 [f]And as they reclined at table and were eating, Jesus said, “Amen, I say to you, one of you will betray me, one who is eating with me.” 19 They began to be distressed and to say to him, one by one, “Surely it is not I?” 20 He said to them, “One of the Twelve, the one who dips with me into the dish. 21 For the Son of Man indeed goes, as it is written of him,[g] but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed. It would be better for that man if he had never been born.”

The Lord’s Supper. 22 [h]While they were eating,(F) he took bread, said the blessing, broke it, and gave it to them, and said, “Take it; this is my body.” 23 Then he took a cup, gave thanks, and gave it to them, and they all drank from it. 24 He said to them, “This is my blood of the covenant, which will be shed[i] for many. 25 Amen, I say to you, I shall not drink again the fruit of the vine until the day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.” 26 Then, after singing a hymn,[j] they went out to the Mount of Olives.(G)

Peter’s Denial Foretold.[k] 27 Then Jesus said to them, “All of you will have your faith shaken, for it is written:

‘I will strike the shepherd,
    and the sheep will be dispersed.’(H)

28 But after I have been raised up, I shall go before you to Galilee.” 29 Peter said to him, “Even though all should have their faith shaken, mine will not be.” 30 Then Jesus said to him, “Amen, I say to you, this very night before the cock crows twice you will deny me three times.” 31 But he vehemently replied, “Even though I should have to die with you, I will not deny you.” And they all spoke similarly.

The Agony in the Garden. 32 [l]Then they came to a place named Gethsemane,(I) and he said to his disciples, “Sit here while I pray.”(J) 33 He took with him Peter, James, and John, and began to be troubled and distressed. 34 Then he said to them, “My soul is sorrowful even to death. Remain here and keep watch.” 35 He advanced a little and fell to the ground and prayed that if it were possible the hour might pass by him; 36 he said, “Abba, Father,[m] all things are possible to you. Take this cup away from me, but not what I will but what you will.” 37 When he returned he found them asleep. He said to Peter, “Simon, are you asleep? Could you not keep watch for one hour? 38 [n]Watch and pray that you may not undergo the test.(K) The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.” 39 Withdrawing again, he prayed, saying the same thing. 40 Then he returned once more and found them asleep, for they could not keep their eyes open and did not know what to answer him. 41 He returned a third time and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and taking your rest? It is enough. The hour has come. Behold, the Son of Man is to be handed over to sinners. 42 Get up, let us go. See, my betrayer is at hand.”

The Betrayal and Arrest of Jesus. 43 (L)Then, while he was still speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve, arrived, accompanied by a crowd with swords and clubs who had come from the chief priests, the scribes, and the elders. 44 His betrayer had arranged a signal with them, saying, “The man I shall kiss is the one; arrest him and lead him away securely.” 45 He came and immediately went over to him and said, “Rabbi.” And he kissed him. 46 At this they laid hands on him and arrested him. 47 One of the bystanders drew his sword, struck the high priest’s servant, and cut off his ear. 48 Jesus said to them in reply, “Have you come out as against a robber, with swords and clubs, to seize me? 49 Day after day I was with you teaching in the temple area, yet you did not arrest me; but that the scriptures may be fulfilled.” 50 And they all left him and fled. 51 Now a young man followed him wearing nothing but a linen cloth about his body. They seized him, 52 but he left the cloth behind and ran off naked.

Jesus Before the Sanhedrin. 53 [o](M)They led Jesus away to the high priest, and all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes came together. 54 Peter followed him at a distance into the high priest’s courtyard and was seated with the guards, warming himself at the fire. 55 The chief priests and the entire Sanhedrin kept trying to obtain testimony against Jesus in order to put him to death, but they found none. 56 Many gave false witness against him, but their testimony did not agree. 57 [p]Some took the stand and testified falsely against him, alleging, 58 “We heard him say, ‘I will destroy this temple made with hands and within three days I will build another not made with hands.’”(N) 59 Even so their testimony did not agree. 60 The high priest rose before the assembly and questioned Jesus, saying, “Have you no answer? What are these men testifying against you?” 61 [q]But he was silent and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him and said to him, “Are you the Messiah, the son of the Blessed One?” 62 Then Jesus answered, “I am;

and ‘you will see the Son of Man
    seated at the right hand of the Power
    and coming with the clouds of heaven.’”(O)

63 At that the high priest tore his garments and said, “What further need have we of witnesses? 64 You have heard the blasphemy. What do you think?” They all condemned him as deserving to die. 65 Some began to spit on him. They blindfolded him and struck him and said to him, “Prophesy!” And the guards greeted him with blows.(P)

Peter’s Denial of Jesus. 66 (Q)While Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the high priest’s maids came along. 67 Seeing Peter warming himself, she looked intently at him and said, “You too were with the Nazarene, Jesus.” 68 [r]But he denied it saying, “I neither know nor understand what you are talking about.” So he went out into the outer court. [Then the cock crowed.] 69 The maid saw him and began again to say to the bystanders, “This man is one of them.” 70 Once again he denied it. A little later the bystanders said to Peter once more, “Surely you are one of them; for you too are a Galilean.” 71 He began to curse and to swear, “I do not know this man about whom you are talking.” 72 And immediately a cock crowed a second time. Then Peter remembered the word that Jesus had said to him, “Before the cock crows twice you will deny me three times.” He broke down and wept.(R)

Footnotes

  1. 14:1–16:8 In the movement of Mark’s gospel the cross is depicted as Jesus’ way to glory in accordance with the divine will. Thus the passion narrative is seen as the climax of Jesus’ ministry.
  2. 14:1 The Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread: the connection between the two festivals is reflected in Ex 12:3–20; 34:18; Lv 23:4–8; Nm 9:2–14; 28:16–17; Dt 16:1–8. The Passover commemorated the redemption from slavery and the departure of the Israelites from Egypt by night. It began at sundown after the Passover lamb was sacrificed in the temple in the afternoon of the fourteenth day of the month of Nisan. With the Passover supper on the same evening was associated the eating of unleavened bread. The latter was continued through Nisan 21, a reminder of the affliction of the Israelites and of the haste surrounding their departure. Praise and thanks to God for his goodness in the past were combined at this dual festival with the hope of future salvation. The chief priests…to death: the intent to put Jesus to death was plotted for a long time but delayed for fear of the crowd (Mk 3:6; 11:18; 12:12).
  3. 14:3 At Bethany on the Mount of Olives, a few miles from Jerusalem, in the house of Simon the leper, Jesus defends a woman’s loving action of anointing his head with perfumed oil in view of his impending death and burial as a criminal, in which case his body would not be anointed. See further the note on Jn 12:7. He assures the woman of the remembrance of her deed in the worldwide preaching of the good news.
  4. 14:12 The first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread…the Passover lamb: a less precise designation of the day for sacrificing the Passover lamb as evidenced by some rabbinical literature. For a more exact designation, see note on Mk 14:1. It was actually Nisan 14.
  5. 14:13 A man…carrying a jar of water: perhaps a prearranged signal, for only women ordinarily carried water in jars. The Greek word used here, however, implies simply a person and not necessarily a male.
  6. 14:18 One of you will betray me, one who is eating with me: contrasts the intimacy of table fellowship at the Passover meal with the treachery of the traitor; cf. Ps 41:10.
  7. 14:21 The Son of Man indeed goes, as it is written of him: a reference to Ps 41:10 cited by Jesus concerning Judas at the Last Supper; cf. Jn 13:18–19.
  8. 14:22–24 The actions and words of Jesus express within the framework of the Passover meal and the transition to a new covenant the sacrifice of himself through the offering of his body and blood in anticipation of his passion and death. His blood of the covenant both alludes to the ancient rite of Ex 24:4–8 and indicates the new community that the sacrifice of Jesus will bring into being (Mt 26:26–28; Lk 22:19–20; 1 Cor 11:23–25).
  9. 14:24 Which will be shed: see note on Mt 26:27–28. For many: the Greek preposition hyper is a different one from that at Mt 26:28 but the same as that found at Lk 22:19, 20 and 1 Cor 11:24. The sense of both words is vicarious, and it is difficult in Hellenistic Greek to distinguish between them. For many in the sense of “all,” see note on Mt 20:28.
  10. 14:26 After singing a hymn: Ps 114–118, thanksgiving songs concluding the Passover meal.
  11. 14:27–31 Jesus predicted that the Twelve would waver in their faith, even abandon him, despite their protestations to the contrary. Yet he reassured them that after his resurrection he would regather them in Galilee (Mk 16:7; cf. Mt 26:32; 28:7, 10, 16; Jn 21), where he first summoned them to be his followers as he began to preach the good news (Mk 1:14–20).
  12. 14:32–34 The disciples who had witnessed the raising to life of the daughter of Jairus (Mk 5:37) and the transfiguration of their Master (Mk 9:2) were now invited to witness his degradation and agony and to watch and pray with him.
  13. 14:36 Abba, Father: an Aramaic term, here also translated by Mark, Jesus’ special way of addressing God with filial intimacy. The word ’abbā’ seems not to have been used in earlier or contemporaneous Jewish sources to address God without some qualifier. Cf. Rom 8:15; Gal 4:6 for other occurrences of the Aramaic word in the Greek New Testament. Not what I will but what you will: note the complete obedient surrender of the human will of Jesus to the divine will of the Father; cf. Jn 4:34; 8:29; Rom 5:19; Phil 2:8; Hb 5:8.
  14. 14:38 The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak: the spirit is drawn to what is good yet found in conflict with the flesh, inclined to sin; cf. Ps 51:7, 12. Everyone is faced with this struggle, the full force of which Jesus accepted on our behalf and, through his bitter passion and death, achieved the victory.
  15. 14:53 They led Jesus away…came together: Mark presents a formal assembly of the whole Sanhedrin (chief priests, elders, and scribes) at night, leading to the condemnation of Jesus (Mk 14:64), in contrast to Lk 22:66, 71 where Jesus is condemned in a daytime meeting of the council; see also Jn 18:13, 19–24.
  16. 14:57–58 See notes on Mt 26:60–61 and Jn 2:19.
  17. 14:61–62 The Blessed One: a surrogate for the divine name, which Jews did not pronounce. I am: indicates Jesus’ acknowledgment that he is the Messiah and Son of God; cf. Mk 1:1. Contrast Mt 26:64 and Lk 22:67–70, in which Jesus leaves his interrogators to answer their own question. You will see the Son of Man…with the clouds of heaven: an allusion to Dn 7:13 and Ps 110:1 portending the enthronement of Jesus as judge in the transcendent glory of God’s kingdom. The Power: another surrogate for the name of God.
  18. 14:68 [Then the cock crowed]: found in most manuscripts, perhaps in view of Mk 14:30, 72 but omitted in others.