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Israel Preferred to Edom

“I have loved you,” says the Lord. But you say, “How have you loved us?” “Is not Esau Jacob’s brother?” says the Lord. “Yet I have loved Jacob,(A)

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Israel Doubts God’s Love

“I have loved(A) you,” says the Lord.

“But you ask,(B) ‘How have you loved us?’

“Was not Esau Jacob’s brother?” declares the Lord. “Yet I have loved Jacob,(C)

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    the Lord appeared to him[a] from far away.[b]
I have loved you with an everlasting love;
    therefore I have continued my faithfulness to you.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 31.3 Gk: Heb me
  2. 31.3 Or to him long ago

The Lord appeared to us in the past,[a] saying:

“I have loved(A) you with an everlasting love;
    I have drawn(B) you with unfailing kindness.

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Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 31:3 Or Lord has appeared to us from afar

But you, Israel, my servant,
    Jacob, whom I have chosen,
    the offspring of Abraham, my friend;(A)
you whom I took from the ends of the earth
    and called from its farthest corners,
saying to you, “You are my servant;
    I have chosen you and not cast you off”;(B)

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“But you, Israel, my servant,(A)
    Jacob, whom I have chosen,(B)
    you descendants of Abraham(C) my friend,(D)
I took you from the ends of the earth,(E)
    from its farthest corners I called(F) you.
I said, ‘You are my servant’;(G)
    I have chosen(H) you and have not rejected you.

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15 yet the Lord set his heart in love on your ancestors alone and chose you, their descendants after them, out of all the peoples, as it is today.(A)

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15 Yet the Lord set his affection on your ancestors and loved(A) them, and he chose you,(B) their descendants, above all the nations—as it is today.(C)

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28 As regards the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but as regards election they are beloved for the sake of their ancestors, 29 for the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable.

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28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies(A) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,(B) 29 for God’s gifts and his call(C) are irrevocable.(D)

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10 Nor is that all; something similar happened to Rebecca when she had conceived children by one husband, our ancestor Isaac:(A) 11 even before they had been born or had done anything good or bad (so that God’s purpose of election might continue, 12 not by works but by his call) she was told, “The elder shall serve the younger.”(B) 13 As it is written,

“I have loved Jacob,
    but I have hated Esau.”(C)

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10 Not only that, but Rebekah’s children were conceived at the same time by our father Isaac.(A) 11 Yet, before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad(B)—in order that God’s purpose(C) in election might stand: 12 not by works but by him who calls—she was told, “The older will serve the younger.”[a](D) 13 Just as it is written: “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”[b](E)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:12 Gen. 25:23
  2. Romans 9:13 Mal. 1:2,3

13 You have spoken harsh words against me, says the Lord. Yet you say, “How have we spoken against you?”(A) 14 You have said, “It is vain to serve God. What do we profit by keeping his command or by going about as mourners before the Lord of hosts?(B)

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Israel Speaks Arrogantly Against God

13 “You have spoken arrogantly(A) against me,” says the Lord.

“Yet you ask,(B) ‘What have we said against you?’

14 “You have said, ‘It is futile(C) to serve(D) God. What do we gain by carrying out his requirements(E) and going about like mourners(F) before the Lord Almighty?

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When the Most High[a] apportioned the nations,
    when he divided humankind,
he fixed the boundaries of the peoples
    according to the number of the gods;[b](A)
the Lord’s own portion was his people,
    Jacob his allotted share.(B)

10 He sustained[c] him in a desert land,
    in a howling wilderness waste;
he shielded him, cared for him,
    guarded him as the apple of his eye.(C)
11 As an eagle stirs up its nest
    and hovers over its young,
as it spreads its wings, takes them up,
    and bears them aloft on its pinions,(D)
12 the Lord alone guided him;
    no foreign god was with him.(E)
13 He set him atop the heights of the land
    and fed him with[d] produce of the field;
he nursed him with honey from the crags,
    with oil from flinty rock,(F)
14 curds from the herd, and milk from the flock,
    with fat of lambs and rams,
Bashan bulls and goats,
    together with the choicest wheat—
    you drank fine wine from the blood of grapes.(G)

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Footnotes

  1. 32.8 Traditional rendering of Heb Elyon
  2. 32.8 Q ms Compare Gk Tg: MT the Israelites
  3. 32.10 Sam Gk Compare Tg: MT found
  4. 32.13 Sam Gk Syr Tg: MT he ate

When the Most High(A) gave the nations their inheritance,
    when he divided all mankind,(B)
he set up boundaries(C) for the peoples
    according to the number of the sons of Israel.[a](D)
For the Lord’s portion(E) is his people,
    Jacob his allotted inheritance.(F)

10 In a desert(G) land he found him,
    in a barren and howling waste.(H)
He shielded(I) him and cared for him;
    he guarded him as the apple of his eye,(J)
11 like an eagle that stirs up its nest
    and hovers over its young,(K)
that spreads its wings to catch them
    and carries them aloft.(L)
12 The Lord alone led(M) him;(N)
    no foreign god was with him.(O)

13 He made him ride on the heights(P) of the land
    and fed him with the fruit of the fields.
He nourished him with honey from the rock,(Q)
    and with oil(R) from the flinty crag,
14 with curds and milk from herd and flock
    and with fattened lambs and goats,
with choice rams of Bashan(S)
    and the finest kernels of wheat.(T)
You drank the foaming blood of the grape.(U)

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 32:8 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls (see also Septuagint) sons of God

For you are a people holy to the Lord your God; the Lord your God has chosen you out of all the peoples on earth to be his people, his treasured possession.(A)

“It was not because you were more numerous than any other people that the Lord set his heart on you and chose you, for you were the fewest of all peoples.(B) It was because the Lord loved you and kept the oath that he swore to your ancestors that the Lord has brought you out with a mighty hand and redeemed you from the house of slavery, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.(C)

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For you are a people holy(A) to the Lord your God.(B) The Lord your God has chosen(C) you out of all the peoples on the face of the earth to be his people, his treasured possession.(D)

The Lord did not set his affection on you and choose you because you were more numerous(E) than other peoples, for you were the fewest(F) of all peoples.(G) But it was because the Lord loved(H) you and kept the oath he swore(I) to your ancestors that he brought you out with a mighty hand(J) and redeemed(K) you from the land of slavery,(L) from the power of Pharaoh king of Egypt.

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37 And because he loved your ancestors, he chose their descendants after them. He brought you out of Egypt with his own presence, by his great power,(A)

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37 Because he loved(A) your ancestors and chose their descendants after them, he brought you out of Egypt by his Presence and his great strength,(B)

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Ever since the days of your ancestors you have turned aside from my statutes and have not kept them. Return to me, and I will return to you, says the Lord of hosts. But you say, “How shall we return?”(A)

Do Not Rob God

Will anyone rob God? Yet you are robbing me! But you say, “How are we robbing you?” In your tithes and offerings!(B)

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Ever since the time of your ancestors you have turned away(A) from my decrees and have not kept them. Return(B) to me, and I will return to you,”(C) says the Lord Almighty.

“But you ask,(D) ‘How are we to return?’

“Will a mere mortal rob(E) God? Yet you rob me.

“But you ask, ‘How are we robbing you?’

“In tithes(F) and offerings.

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17 You have wearied the Lord with your words. Yet you say, “How have we wearied him?” By saying, “All who do evil are good in the sight of the Lord, and he delights in them.” Or by asking, “Where is the God of justice?”(A)

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Breaking Covenant Through Injustice

17 You have wearied(A) the Lord with your words.

“How have we wearied him?” you ask.(B)

By saying, “All who do evil are good in the eyes of the Lord, and he is pleased(C) with them” or “Where is the God of justice?(D)

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Corruption of the Priesthood

A son honors his father and a servant his master. If then I am a father, where is the honor due me? And if I am a master, where is the respect due me? says the Lord of hosts to you, O priests, who despise my name. You say, “How have we despised your name?”(A) By offering polluted food on my altar. And you say, “How have we polluted it?”[a] By thinking that the Lord’s table may be despised.(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 1.7 Gk: Heb you

Breaking Covenant Through Blemished Sacrifices

“A son honors his father,(A) and a slave his master.(B) If I am a father, where is the honor due me? If I am a master, where is the respect(C) due me?” says the Lord Almighty.(D)

“It is you priests who show contempt for my name.

“But you ask,(E) ‘How have we shown contempt for your name?’

“By offering defiled food(F) on my altar.

“But you ask,(G) ‘How have we defiled you?’

“By saying that the Lord’s table(H) is contemptible.

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