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“Oh, is he a Galilean?” Pilate asked. When they said that he was, Pilate sent him to Herod Antipas, because Galilee was under Herod’s jurisdiction, and Herod happened to be in Jerusalem at the time.

Herod was delighted at the opportunity to see Jesus, because he had heard about him and had been hoping for a long time to see him perform a miracle. He asked Jesus question after question, but Jesus refused to answer. 10 Meanwhile, the leading priests and the teachers of religious law stood there shouting their accusations. 11 Then Herod and his soldiers began mocking and ridiculing Jesus. Finally, they put a royal robe on him and sent him back to Pilate. 12 (Herod and Pilate, who had been enemies before, became friends that day.)

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Jesus Brought Before Herod

Now when Pilate heard this, he asked whether the man was a Galilean. When[a] he learned that he was from Herod’s jurisdiction,[b] he sent him over to Herod,[c] who also happened to be in Jerusalem[d] at that time. When[e] Herod saw Jesus, he was very glad, for he had long desired to see him, because he had heard about him and was hoping to see him perform[f] some miraculous sign.[g] So[h] Herod[i] questioned him at considerable length; Jesus[j] gave him no answer. 10 The chief priests and the experts in the law[k] were there, vehemently accusing him.[l] 11 Even Herod with his soldiers treated him with contempt and mocked him. Then,[m] dressing him in elegant clothes,[n] Herod[o] sent him back to Pilate. 12 That very day Herod and Pilate became friends with each other,[p] for prior to this they had been enemies.[q]

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Footnotes

  1. Luke 23:7 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
  2. Luke 23:7 sn Learning that Jesus was from Galilee and therefore part of Herod’s jurisdiction, Pilate decided to rid himself of the problem by sending him to Herod.
  3. Luke 23:7 sn Herod was Herod Antipas, son of Herod the Great. See the note on Herod in 3:1.
  4. Luke 23:7 sn Herod would probably have come to Jerusalem for the feast, although his father was only half Jewish (Josephus, Ant. 14.15.2 [14.403]). Josephus does mention Herod’s presence in Jerusalem during a feast (Ant. 18.5.3 [18.122]).
  5. Luke 23:8 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
  6. Luke 23:8 tn Grk “to see some sign performed by him.” Here the passive construction has been translated as an active one in keeping with contemporary English style.
  7. Luke 23:8 sn Herod, hoping to see him perform some miraculous sign, seems to have treated Jesus as a curiosity (cf. 9:7-9).
  8. Luke 23:9 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the previous statements in the narrative about Herod’s desire to see Jesus.
  9. Luke 23:9 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Herod) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  10. Luke 23:9 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  11. Luke 23:10 tn Or “and the scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 5:21.
  12. Luke 23:10 sn Luke portrays the Jewish leadership as driving events toward the cross by vehemently accusing Jesus.
  13. Luke 23:11 tn This is a continuation of the previous Greek sentence, but because of its length and complexity, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying “then” to indicate the sequence of events.
  14. Luke 23:11 sn This mockery involved putting elegant royal clothes on Jesus, either white or purple (the colors of royalty). This was no doubt a mockery of Jesus’ claim to be a king.
  15. Luke 23:11 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Herod) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  16. Luke 23:12 sn Herod and Pilate became friends with each other. It may be that Pilate’s change of heart was related to the death of his superior, Sejanus, who had a reputation for being anti-Jewish. To please his superior, Pilate may have ruled the Jews with insensitivity. Concerning Sejanus, see Philo, Embassy 24 (160-61) and Flaccus 1 (1).
  17. Luke 23:12 tn Grk “at enmity with each other.”