The Authority of Jesus Questioned(A)

20 One day as Jesus was teaching the people in the temple courts(B) and proclaiming the good news,(C) the chief priests and the teachers of the law, together with the elders, came up to him. “Tell us by what authority you are doing these things,” they said. “Who gave you this authority?”(D)

He replied, “I will also ask you a question. Tell me: John’s baptism(E)—was it from heaven, or of human origin?”

They discussed it among themselves and said, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask, ‘Why didn’t you believe him?’ But if we say, ‘Of human origin,’ all the people(F) will stone us, because they are persuaded that John was a prophet.”(G)

So they answered, “We don’t know where it was from.”

Jesus said, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.”

The Parable of the Tenants(H)

He went on to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard,(I) rented it to some farmers and went away for a long time.(J) 10 At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants so they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11 He sent another servant, but that one also they beat and treated shamefully and sent away empty-handed. 12 He sent still a third, and they wounded him and threw him out.

13 “Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my son, whom I love;(K) perhaps they will respect him.’

14 “But when the tenants saw him, they talked the matter over. ‘This is the heir,’ they said. ‘Let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ 15 So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.

“What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and kill those tenants(L) and give the vineyard to others.”

When the people heard this, they said, “God forbid!”

17 Jesus looked directly at them and asked, “Then what is the meaning of that which is written:

“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone’[a]?(M)

18 Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces; anyone on whom it falls will be crushed.”(N)

19 The teachers of the law and the chief priests looked for a way to arrest him(O) immediately, because they knew he had spoken this parable against them. But they were afraid of the people.(P)

Paying Taxes to Caesar(Q)

20 Keeping a close watch on him, they sent spies, who pretended to be sincere. They hoped to catch Jesus in something he said,(R) so that they might hand him over to the power and authority of the governor.(S) 21 So the spies questioned him: “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach what is right, and that you do not show partiality but teach the way of God in accordance with the truth.(T) 22 Is it right for us to pay taxes to Caesar or not?”

23 He saw through their duplicity and said to them, 24 “Show me a denarius. Whose image and inscription are on it?”

“Caesar’s,” they replied.

25 He said to them, “Then give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s,(U) and to God what is God’s.”

26 They were unable to trap him in what he had said there in public. And astonished by his answer, they became silent.

The Resurrection and Marriage(V)

27 Some of the Sadducees,(W) who say there is no resurrection,(X) came to Jesus with a question. 28 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.(Y) 29 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a woman and died childless. 30 The second 31 and then the third married her, and in the same way the seven died, leaving no children. 32 Finally, the woman died too. 33 Now then, at the resurrection whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?”

34 Jesus replied, “The people of this age marry and are given in marriage. 35 But those who are considered worthy of taking part in the age to come(Z) and in the resurrection from the dead will neither marry nor be given in marriage, 36 and they can no longer die; for they are like the angels. They are God’s children,(AA) since they are children of the resurrection. 37 But in the account of the burning bush, even Moses showed that the dead rise, for he calls the Lord ‘the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’[b](AB) 38 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive.”

39 Some of the teachers of the law responded, “Well said, teacher!” 40 And no one dared to ask him any more questions.(AC)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AD)

41 Then Jesus said to them, “Why is it said that the Messiah is the son of David?(AE) 42 David himself declares in the Book of Psalms:

“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
43 until I make your enemies
    a footstool for your feet.”’[c](AF)

44 David calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”

Warning Against the Teachers of the Law

45 While all the people were listening, Jesus said to his disciples, 46 “Beware of the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.(AG) 47 They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”

Footnotes

  1. Luke 20:17 Psalm 118:22
  2. Luke 20:37 Exodus 3:6
  3. Luke 20:43 Psalm 110:1

La autoridad de Jesús

20 Jesús estaba en el templo enseñando a la gente y anunciando las buenas noticias. Los sacerdotes principales, los maestros de la Ley y los líderes del país se acercaron y le preguntaron:

—¿Quién te dio autoridad para hacer todo esto?

Jesús les contestó:

—Yo también voy a preguntarles algo: ¿Quién le dio autoridad a Juan el Bautista para bautizar? ¿Dios, o alguna otra persona?

Ellos comenzaron a discutir, y se decían unos a otros: «Si contestamos que fue Dios quien le dio autoridad a Juan, Jesús nos preguntará por qué no le creímos. Y si decimos que fue un ser humano, la gente nos matará a pedradas, porque creen que Juan era un profeta enviado por Dios.» Entonces respondieron:

—No sabemos quién le dio autoridad a Juan.

Jesús les dijo:

—Pues yo tampoco les diré quién me da autoridad para hacer todo esto.

La viña alquilada

Jesús le puso a la gente este ejemplo:

«El dueño de un terreno sembró una viña, luego la alquiló y se fue de viaje por largo tiempo. 10 Cuando llegó la época de la cosecha, envió a un sirviente para pedir la parte que le correspondía. Pero los hombres que alquilaron la viña golpearon al sirviente y lo enviaron con las manos vacías.

11 »El dueño envió a otro sirviente, pero también a éste lo golpearon, lo insultaron y lo enviaron sin nada. 12 Luego envió a otro, y a éste también lo hirieron y lo echaron fuera de la viña.

13 »Finalmente, el dueño se puso a pensar: “¿Qué puedo hacer?” Y se dijo: “Ya sé; enviaré a mi hijo que tanto quiero. Estoy seguro que a él sí lo respetarán.”

14 »Cuando aquellos hombres vieron que había llegado el hijo del dueño, se dijeron unos a otros: “Este muchacho es el que recibirá la viña cuando el dueño muera. Vamos a matarlo; así nos quedaremos con el terreno.”

15 »Entonces agarraron al muchacho, lo sacaron del terreno y lo mataron.»

Después Jesús preguntó:

—¿Qué piensan ustedes que hará el dueño con aquellos hombres? 16 Seguramente, cuando regrese, los matará y luego entregará la viña a otras personas.

Cuando la gente oyó eso, dijo:

—¡Eso, jamás!

17 Jesús miró a todos y les dijo:

—Entonces, cuando la Biblia dice:

“La piedra que rechazaron
los constructores del templo
es ahora la piedra principal”,

»¿qué quiso decir con eso? 18 Porque todo el que caiga sobre esa piedra quedará hecho pedazos. Y si la piedra cae sobre alguien, lo dejará hecho polvo.»

19 Los sacerdotes principales y los maestros de la Ley se dieron cuenta de que Jesús los estaba comparando con los hombres malos que alquilaron la viña. Entonces quisieron apresar a Jesús en ese mismo instante, pero no se atrevieron porque le tenían miedo a la gente.

Una trampa para Jesús

20 Los enemigos de Jesús querían arrestarlo y entregarlo al gobernador romano. Pero, como no tenían de qué acusarlo, enviaron a unos espías para que se hicieran pasar por personas buenas y vigilaran en qué momento Jesús decía algo malo.

21 Los espías le dijeron a Jesús:

—Maestro, sabemos que siempre dices la verdad. Tú enseñas que todos deben obedecer a Dios, y tratas a todos por igual. 22 Por eso te preguntamos: ¿Está bien que paguemos impuestos al emperador de Roma, o no?

23 Como Jesús sabía que ellos querían ponerle una trampa, les respondió:

24 —Muéstrenme una moneda. ¿De quién es la imagen que está en la moneda? ¿De quién es el nombre que tiene escrito?

Ellos contestaron:

—Del emperador de Roma.

25 Jesús les dijo:

—Pues denle al emperador lo que es del emperador, y a Dios lo que es de Dios.

26 Los espías no lograron que Jesús cayera en la trampa. Quedaron sorprendidos por su respuesta y no supieron decir nada más.

Los saduceos hablan con Jesús

27 Después, unos saduceos fueron a ver a Jesús. Como ellos no creían que los muertos pueden volver a vivir, 28 le preguntaron:

—Maestro, Moisés escribió que, si un hombre muere sin tener hijos con su esposa, el hermano de ese hombre debe casarse con esa mujer y tener hijos con ella. De acuerdo con la ley, esos hijos son del hermano muerto y llevan su nombre.

29 »Pues bien, aquí vivían siete hermanos. El hermano mayor se casó y, tiempo más tarde, murió sin tener hijos. 30 El segundo hermano se casó con la misma mujer, pero tiempo después también él murió sin tener hijos. 31 Lo mismo sucedió con el tercer hermano y con el resto de los siete hermanos. 32 El tiempo pasó y la mujer también murió.

33 »Ahora bien, cuando Dios haga que todos los muertos vuelvan a vivir, ¿de quién será esposa esta mujer, si estuvo casada con los siete?

34 Jesús contestó:

—Ahora los hombres y las mujeres se casan. 35 Pero Dios decidirá quiénes merecen volver a vivir. Cuando eso suceda, nadie se casará 36 ni morirá. Todos serán como los ángeles, y por haber vuelto a vivir serán hijos de Dios. 37 Hasta Moisés mismo nos demuestra que los muertos vuelven a vivir. En la historia del arbusto que ardía,[a] Moisés dijo que Dios es el Dios de sus antepasados Abraham, Isaac y Jacob. 38 Con eso, Moisés estaba demostrando que Dios no es Dios de muertos, sino de vivos, pues para Dios todos ellos están vivos.[b]

39 Algunos maestros de la Ley que estaban allí dijeron:

—¡Maestro, diste una buena respuesta!

40 Después de esto, ya nadie se atrevía a hacerle más preguntas.

La pregunta acerca del Mesías

41 Jesús preguntó a los que estaban allí:

—¿Por qué dice la gente que el Mesías será un descendiente del rey David? 42 Si en el libro de los Salmos el mismo David dice:

“Dios le dijo a mi Señor el Mesías:
‘Siéntate a la derecha de mi trono,
43 hasta que yo derrote a tus enemigos.’”

44 »Si David llama Señor al Mesías, ¿cómo puede ser el Mesías descendiente de David?

Advertencia

45 Delante de toda la gente, Jesús les dijo a sus discípulos:

46 —¡Cuídense de los maestros de la Ley! A ellos les gusta vestir como gente importante, y que los saluden en el mercado con mucho respeto. Cuando van a una fiesta o a la sinagoga, les gusta ocupar los mejores puestos. 47 Ellos les quitan a las viudas sus casas, y luego hacen oraciones muy largas para que todos piensen que son gente buena. Pero Dios los castigará más duro que a los demás.

Footnotes

  1. Lucas 20:37 Véase Éxodo 3.1-6.
  2. Lucas 20:38 Jesús dice que si Dios es adorado por Abraham, Isaac y Jacob, ellos deben estar con vida, porque Dios es Dios de los que están vivos.

Jesus’ Authority Questioned(A)

20 Now (B)it happened on one of those days, as He taught the people in the temple and preached the gospel, that the chief priests and the scribes, together with the elders, confronted Him and spoke to Him, saying, “Tell us, (C)by what authority are You doing these things? Or who is he who gave You this authority?”

But He answered and said to them, “I also will ask you one thing, and answer Me: The (D)baptism of John—was it from heaven or from men?”

And they reasoned among themselves, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ He will say, ‘Why [a]then did you not believe him?’ But if we say, ‘From men,’ all the people will stone us, (E)for they are persuaded that John was a prophet.” So they answered that they did not know where it was from.

And Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”

The Parable of the Wicked Vinedressers(F)

Then He began to tell the people this parable: (G)“A certain man planted a vineyard, leased it to [b]vinedressers, and went into a far country for a long time. 10 Now at [c]vintage-time he (H)sent a servant to the vinedressers, that they might give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the vinedressers beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11 Again he sent another servant; and they beat him also, treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed. 12 And again he sent a third; and they wounded him also and cast him out.

13 “Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. Probably they will respect him when they see him.’ 14 But when the vinedressers saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, ‘This is the (I)heir. Come, (J)let us kill him, that the inheritance may be (K)ours.’ 15 So they cast him out of the vineyard and (L)killed him. Therefore what will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and destroy those vinedressers and give the vineyard to (M)others.”

And when they heard it they said, “Certainly not!”

17 Then He looked at them and said, “What then is this that is written:

(N)‘The stone which the builders rejected
Has become the chief cornerstone’?

18 Whoever falls on that stone will be (O)broken; but (P)on whomever it falls, it will grind him to powder.”

19 And the chief priests and the scribes that very hour sought to lay hands on Him, but they [d]feared the people—for they knew He had spoken this parable against them.

The Pharisees: Is It Lawful to Pay Taxes to Caesar?(Q)

20 (R)So they watched Him, and sent spies who pretended to be righteous, that they might seize on His words, in order to deliver Him to the power and the authority of the governor.

21 Then they asked Him, saying, (S)“Teacher, we know that You say and teach rightly, and You do not show personal favoritism, but teach the way of God in truth: 22 Is it lawful for us to pay taxes to Caesar or not?”

23 But He perceived their craftiness, and said to them, [e]“Why do you test Me? 24 Show Me a denarius. Whose image and inscription does it have?”

They answered and said, “Caesar’s.”

25 And He said to them, (T)“Render[f] therefore to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.”

26 But they could not catch Him in His words in the presence of the people. And they marveled at His answer and kept silent.

The Sadducees: What About the Resurrection?(U)

27 (V)Then some of the Sadducees, (W)who deny that there is a resurrection, came to Him and asked Him, 28 saying: “Teacher, Moses wrote to us that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife, and he dies without children, his brother should take his wife and raise up offspring for his brother. 29 Now there were seven brothers. And the first took a wife, and died without children. 30 And the second [g]took her as wife, and he died childless. 31 Then the third took her, and in like manner the seven [h]also; and they left no children, and died. 32 Last of all the woman died also. 33 Therefore, in the resurrection, whose wife does she become? For all seven had her as wife.”

34 Jesus answered and said to them, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage. 35 But those who are (X)counted worthy to attain that age, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry nor are given in marriage; 36 nor can they die anymore, for (Y)they are equal to the angels and are sons of God, (Z)being sons of the resurrection. 37 But even Moses showed in the burning bush passage that the dead are raised, when he called the Lord (AA)‘the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’ 38 For He is not the God of the dead but of the living, for (AB)all live to Him.”

39 Then some of the scribes answered and said, “Teacher, You have spoken well.” 40 But after that they dared not question Him anymore.

Jesus: How Can David Call His Descendant Lord?(AC)

41 And He said to them, (AD)“How can they say that the Christ is the Son of David? 42 Now David himself said in the Book of Psalms:

(AE)‘The Lord said to my Lord,
“Sit at My right hand,
43 Till I make Your enemies Your footstool.” ’

44 Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord’; (AF)how is He then his Son?”

Beware of the Scribes(AG)

45 (AH)Then, in the hearing of all the people, He said to His disciples, 46 (AI)“Beware of the scribes, who desire to go around in long robes, (AJ)love greetings in the marketplaces, the best seats in the synagogues, and the best places at feasts, 47 (AK)who devour widows’ houses, and for a (AL)pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation.”

Footnotes

  1. Luke 20:5 NU, M omit then
  2. Luke 20:9 tenant farmers
  3. Luke 20:10 Lit. the season
  4. Luke 20:19 M were afraid—for
  5. Luke 20:23 NU omits Why do you test Me?
  6. Luke 20:25 Pay
  7. Luke 20:30 NU omits the rest of v. 30.
  8. Luke 20:31 NU, M also left no children

20 On one of those days, as he was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the Good News, the[a] priests and scribes came to him with the elders. They asked him, “Tell us: by what authority do you do these things? Or who is giving you this authority?”

He answered them, “I also will ask you one question. Tell me: the baptism of John, was it from heaven, or from men?”

They reasoned with themselves, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say, ‘Why didn’t you believe him?’ But if we say, ‘From men,’ all the people will stone us, for they are persuaded that John was a prophet.” They answered that they didn’t know where it was from.

Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”

He began to tell the people this parable: “A [b] man planted a vineyard and rented it out to some farmers, and went into another country for a long time. 10 At the proper season, he sent a servant to the farmers to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. But the farmers beat him and sent him away empty. 11 He sent yet another servant, and they also beat him and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty. 12 He sent yet a third, and they also wounded him and threw him out. 13 The lord of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. It may be that seeing him, they will respect him.’

14 “But when the farmers saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.’ 15 Then they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and destroy these farmers, and will give the vineyard to others.”

When they heard that, they said, “May that never be!”

17 But he looked at them and said, “Then what is this that is written,

‘The stone which the builders rejected
    was made the chief cornerstone’?(A)
18 Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces,
    but it will crush whomever it falls on to dust.”

19 The chief priests and the scribes sought to lay hands on him that very hour, but they feared the people—for they knew he had spoken this parable against them. 20 They watched him and sent out spies, who pretended to be righteous, that they might trap him in something he said, so as to deliver him up to the power and authority of the governor. 21 They asked him, “Teacher, we know that you say and teach what is right, and aren’t partial to anyone, but truly teach the way of God. 22 Is it lawful for us to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?”

23 But he perceived their craftiness, and said to them, “Why do you test me? 24 Show me a denarius. Whose image and inscription are on it?”

They answered, “Caesar’s.”

25 He said to them, “Then give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.”

26 They weren’t able to trap him in his words before the people. They marveled at his answer and were silent. 27 Some of the Sadducees came to him, those who deny that there is a resurrection. 28 They asked him, “Teacher, Moses wrote to us that if a man’s brother dies having a wife, and he is childless, his brother should take the wife and raise up children for his brother. 29 There were therefore seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died childless. 30 The second took her as wife, and he died childless. 31 The third took her, and likewise the seven all left no children, and died. 32 Afterward the woman also died. 33 Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them will she be? For the seven had her as a wife.”

34 Jesus said to them, “The children of this age marry and are given in marriage. 35 But those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage. 36 For they can’t die any more, for they are like the angels and are children of God, being children of the resurrection. 37 But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed at the bush, when he called the Lord ‘The God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’ (B) 38 Now he is not the God of the dead, but of the living, for all are alive to him.”

39 Some of the scribes answered, “Teacher, you speak well.” 40 They didn’t dare to ask him any more questions.

41 He said to them, “Why do they say that the Christ is David’s son? 42 David himself says in the book of Psalms,

‘The Lord said to my Lord,
    “Sit at my right hand,
43     until I make your enemies the footstool of your feet.”’(C)

44 “David therefore calls him Lord, so how is he his son?”

45 In the hearing of all the people, he said to his disciples, 46 “Beware of those scribes who like to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the marketplaces, the best seats in the synagogues, and the best places at feasts; 47 who devour widows’ houses, and for a pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation.”

Footnotes

  1. 20:1 TR adds “chief”
  2. 20:9 NU (in brackets) and TR add “certain”