Jesus’ Authority Questioned

20 (A)On one of the days while (B)He was teaching the people in the temple and (C)preaching the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes with the elders (D)confronted Him, and they declared, saying to Him, “Tell us by what authority You are doing these things, or who is the one who gave You this authority?” But He replied to them, “I will also ask you a [a]question, and you tell Me: Was the baptism of John from heaven or from men?” They discussed among themselves, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ He will say, ‘Why did you not believe him?’ But if we say, ‘From men,’ all the people will stone us to death, since they are convinced that John was a (E)prophet.” And so they answered that they did not know where it came from. And Jesus said to them, “Neither am I telling you by what authority I do these things.”

Parable of the Vine-growers

(F)But He began to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard and leased it to [b]vine-growers, and went on a journey for a long time. 10 At the harvest time he sent a slave to the vine-growers, so that they would give him his share of the produce of the vineyard; but the vine-growers beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11 And he proceeded to send another slave; but they beat him also and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed. 12 And he proceeded to send a third; but this one too they wounded and threw out. 13 Now the [c]owner of the vineyard said, ‘What am I to do? I will send my beloved son; perhaps they will (G)respect him.’ 14 But when the vine-growers saw him, they discussed with one another, saying, ‘This is the heir; let’s kill him so that the inheritance will be ours.’ 15 And so they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What, then, will the [d]owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and (H)put these vine-growers to death, and will give the vineyard to others.” However, when they heard this, they said, “(I)May it never happen!” 17 But [e]Jesus looked at them and said, “Then what is this statement that has been written:

(J)A stone which the builders rejected,
This has become (K)the [f]chief cornerstone’?

18 (L)Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces; but on whomever it falls, it will crush him.”

Paying Taxes to Caesar

19 The scribes and the chief priests (M)tried to lay hands on Him that very hour, and yet they feared the people; for they were aware that He had spoken this parable against them. 20 (N)And so they watched Him [g]closely, and sent spies who pretended to be righteous, in order (O)that they might catch Him in some statement, so that they could hand Him over to the jurisdiction and authority of (P)the governor. 21 And the spies questioned Him, saying, “Teacher, we know that You speak and teach correctly, and You [h]are not partial to anyone, but You teach the way of God on the basis of truth. 22 Is it [i]permissible for us (Q)to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?” 23 But He saw through their trickery and said to them, 24 “Show Me a [j]denarius. Whose image and inscription does it have?” They said, “Caesar’s.” 25 And He said to them, “Then (R)pay to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” 26 And they were unable to (S)catch Him in a statement in the presence of the people; and they were amazed at His answer, and said nothing.

Is There a Resurrection?

27 (T)Now some of the (U)Sadducees (who maintain that there is no resurrection) came to Him, 28 and they questioned Him, saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that (V)if [k]a man’s brother dies, [l]leaving a wife, and he is childless, that his brother is to [m]marry the wife and raise up children [n]for his brother. 29 So then, there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife and died childless; 30 and the second 31 and the third [o]married her; and in the same way [p]all seven [q]died, leaving no children. 32 Finally the woman also died. 33 Therefore, in the resurrection, [r]which one’s wife does the woman become? For [s]all seven [t]married her.”

34 Jesus said to them, “The sons of (W)this age marry and the women are given in marriage, 35 but those who are considered worthy to attain to (X)that age and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry nor are given in marriage; 36 for they cannot even die anymore, for they are like angels, and are (Y)sons of God, being [u]sons of the resurrection. 37 But as for the fact that the dead are raised, even Moses revealed this in (Z)the passage about the burning bush, where he calls the Lord (AA)the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. 38 (AB)Now He is not the God of the dead, but of the living; for (AC)all live to Him.” 39 Some of the scribes answered and said, “Teacher, You have spoken well.” 40 For (AD)they did not have the courage to question Him any longer about anything.

41 (AE)But He said to them, “How is it that they say the [v]Christ is (AF)David’s son? 42 For David himself says in the book of Psalms,

(AG)The Lord said to my Lord,
Sit at My right hand,
43 (AH)Until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”’

44 Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord,’ and so how is He his son?”

45 (AI)And while all the people were listening, He said to the disciples, 46 “Beware of the scribes, (AJ)who like to walk around in long robes, and love personal greetings in the marketplaces, and chief seats in the synagogues and places of honor at banquets, 47 who [w]devour widows’ houses, and for appearance’s sake offer long prayers. These will receive all the more condemnation.”

Footnotes

  1. Luke 20:3 Lit word
  2. Luke 20:9 Or tenant farmers, also vv 10, 14, 16
  3. Luke 20:13 Lit lord
  4. Luke 20:15 Lit lord
  5. Luke 20:17 Lit He
  6. Luke 20:17 Lit head of the corner
  7. Luke 20:20 Or maliciously
  8. Luke 20:21 Lit do not receive a face
  9. Luke 20:22 I.e., by Jewish law and tradition
  10. Luke 20:24 The denarius was a day’s wages for a laborer
  11. Luke 20:28 Lit someone’s brother
  12. Luke 20:28 Lit having
  13. Luke 20:28 Lit take
  14. Luke 20:28 I.e., as his brother’s heir
  15. Luke 20:31 Lit took
  16. Luke 20:31 Lit the seven also
  17. Luke 20:31 Lit left no children, and died
  18. Luke 20:33 Lit of which of them
  19. Luke 20:33 Lit the seven
  20. Luke 20:33 Lit had her as wife
  21. Luke 20:36 I.e., participants in
  22. Luke 20:41 I.e., Messiah
  23. Luke 20:47 I.e., misappropriate their property

The Priests Ask By What Authority He Does This. From Where Was John’s Authority?

20 And it came about on one of the days while He was teaching the people in the temple and announcing-the-good-news, that the chief priests and the scribes with the elders stood-near. And they spoke, saying to Him, “Tell us, by what-kind-of [a] authority are You doing these things, or who is the one having given You this authority?” And having responded, He said to them, “I also will ask you a thing, and you tell Me— was the baptism of John from heaven, or from humans?” And the ones reasoned with themselves, saying that “If we say, ‘From heaven’, He will say, ‘For what reason did you not believe him?’ But if we say, ‘From humans’, all the people will stone us to death. For they are convinced that John is a prophet”. And they answered that they did not know from where it was. And Jesus said to them, “Nor am I telling you by what-kind-of authority I am doing these things”.

You Priests Are Like Farmers Who Killed The Owner’s Messengers And His Son

And He began to tell this parable to the people: “A certain man planted a vineyard and rented it to farmers, and went-on-a-journey for considerable periods-of-time. 10 And at harvest time, he sent-forth a slave to the farmers so that they would give to him from the fruit of the vineyard. But the farmers sent him out empty-handed, having beaten him. 11 And he proceeded to send another slave. But the ones, having beaten and dishonored that one also, sent him out empty-handed. 12 And he proceeded to send a third. But the ones also threw out this one, having wounded him. 13 And the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. Perhaps they will have-regard-for this one’. 14 But having seen him, the farmers were reasoning with one another, saying, ‘This one is the heir. Let us kill him in order that the inheritance may become ours’. 15 And having thrown him outside of the vineyard, they killed him. Therefore, what will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and destroy these farmers, and give the vineyard to others”. And having heard it, they said, “May it never be!”

But As It Is Written, The Stone The Builders Rejected Became The Cornerstone

17 But the One, having looked-at them, said, “Then what is this having been written [in Ps 118:22]: ‘The stone which the ones building rejected, this became the head[b] of the corner’? 18 Everyone having fallen upon that stone will be broken-to-pieces. And[c] upon whomever it may fall, it will crush[d] him”. 19 And the scribes and the chief priests sought to put their hands on Him at the very hour. And[e] they feared the people. For they[f] knew that He spoke this parable against them.

The Priests Try To Snare Jesus: Shall We Pay Taxes To Caesar?

20 And having closely-watched Him, they sent forth spies pretending themselves to be righteous, in order that they might take-hold-of a statement of His, so as to hand Him over to the rule and the authority of the governor. 21 And they questioned Him, saying, “Teacher, we know that You speak and teach correctly. And You do not receive[g] the face, but You teach the way of God in accordance with truth. 22 Is it lawful that we should give a tribute[h] to Caesar, or not?” 23 But having perceived their craftiness, He said to them, 24 “Show Me a denarius[i]. Of whom does it have an image[j] and inscription?” And the ones said, “Of Caesar”. 25 And the One said to them, “Well-then[k] give-back[l] the things of Caesar to Caesar, and the things of God to God”. 26 And they were not able to take-hold-of a word of His in the presence of the people. And having marveled at His answer, they became silent.

Sadducees Question Jesus About The Resurrection of a Wife With Seven Husbands

27 And having come to Him, some of the Sadducees— the ones denying that there is a resurrection— questioned Him, 28 saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote to us [in Deut 25:5] that if a brother of someone dies having a wife, and this[m] one is childless, that his brother should take the wife and raise-up-from her a seed[n] for his brother. 29 So there were seven brothers. And the first, having taken a wife, died childless. 30 And the second. 31 And the third took her. And similarly, the seven also did not leave-behind children, and died. 32 Last, the woman also died. 33 The woman, therefore, at the resurrection— of which of them does she become the wife? For the seven had her as wife”. 34 And Jesus said to them, “The sons of [o] this age marry and are given-in-marriage. 35 But the ones having been considered-worthy to attain[p] that age and the resurrection from the dead neither marry, nor are they given-in-marriage. 36 For they are not even still able to die, for they are angel-like[q]. And they are sons[r] of God, being sons of [s] the resurrection. 37 But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed[t] at the bush [in Ex 3:16]— when he calls the Lord the ‘God of Abraham and God of Isaac and God of Jacob’. 38 Now He is not God of dead ones, but of living ones. For to Him all are alive”. 39 And having responded, some of the scribes said, “Teacher, You spoke well”. 40 For they were no longer daring to ask Him anything.

Jesus Asks How The Messiah Can Be The Son of David Since David Calls Him His Lord

41 And He said to them, “How is it that they say that the Christ is David’s son? 42 For David himself says in the book of Psalms [110:1], ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Be sitting on My right side 43 until I put Your enemies as a footstool of Your feet”’. 44 Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord’. And how[u] is He his son?”

Jesus Warns The Disciples To Beware of The Scribes

45 And while all the people were listening, He said to His disciples, 46 “Beware of the scribes— the ones delighting to walk around in robes, and loving greetings in the marketplaces and seats-of-honor in the synagogues and places-of-honor at the banquets; 47 who are devouring[v] the houses of the widows, and praying long for a pretense. These ones will receive greater condemnation”.

Footnotes

  1. Luke 20:2 Or, by what. That is, a prophet’s authority? Messiah’s? A teacher’s?
  2. Luke 20:17 That is, the cornerstone of the foundation; or, the capstone of the arch.
  3. Luke 20:18 Or, But.
  4. Luke 20:18 See Mt 21:44.
  5. Luke 20:19 Or, And-yet.
  6. Luke 20:19 That is, the priests; or, the people.
  7. Luke 20:21 That is, show partiality.
  8. Luke 20:22 That is, a tax paid to a foreign state. Should we pay our Roman taxes?
  9. Luke 20:24 This was a Roman silver coin, worth a day’s wage for a laborer.
  10. Luke 20:24 Or, likeness.
  11. Luke 20:25 Or, So-indeed, Therefore.
  12. Luke 20:25 Or, render, pay.
  13. Luke 20:28 That is, the dead brother.
  14. Luke 20:28 Or, posterity.
  15. Luke 20:34 That is, belonging to.
  16. Luke 20:35 Or, obtain, gain, find, reach.
  17. Luke 20:36 That is, in the sense just stated. See Mt 22:30.
  18. Luke 20:36 That is, members of His family, not separate families.
  19. Luke 20:36 That is, originating in or proceeding from the resurrection to life.
  20. Luke 20:37 Or, indicated, made-known.
  21. Luke 20:44 If Messiah is David’s own Lord, how can He be his distant physical descendant?
  22. Luke 20:47 That is, taking financial advantage.