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Jesus bliver født

På den tid befalede den romerske kejser Augustus, at der skulle foretages en folketælling i hele kejserriget. Denne folketælling foregik før den, som fandt sted, mens Kvirinius var guvernør i Syrien.[a]

Alle tog af sted for at lade sig indskrive på listerne i den by, de stammede fra, og da Josef var af Kong Davids slægt, måtte han rejse fra Nazaret i Galilæa til Betlehem i Judæa, Davids fødeby. Han var nødt til at tage sin forlovede, Maria, med sig, selv om hun var højgravid.

Mens de opholdt sig i Betlehem, kom det tidspunkt, hvor hun skulle føde. Maria fødte sin søn, den førstefødte. Hun svøbte ham i et tæppe og lagde ham i en krybbe i staldrummet, for gæsteværelset[b] var optaget.

Englene og hyrderne på marken

Samme nat lå nogle hyrder under åben himmel og vogtede får på marken uden for byen. Pludselig stod der en engel foran dem, og hele landskabet lå badet i et strålende lys fra Guds herlighed. Hyrderne blev forskrækkede, 10 men englen beroligede dem. „Vær ikke bange!” sagde han. „Jeg er kommet for at fortælle jer en stor og glædelig nyhed, som angår hele folket: 11 I nat er jeres Frelser født i Davids by. Det er Messias, og han er jeres herre. 12 Det her skal være et tegn for jer: I vil finde et lille barn, som ligger i en krybbe, indsvøbt i et tæppe.”

13 I det samme brød himlen ud i jubel. En hær af engle lovpriste Gud med følgende sang:

14 „Al ære til Gud i Himlen
    og fred på jorden
        til dem, der gør Guds vilje!”[c]

15 Da englene igen var vendt tilbage til Himlen, sagde hyrderne til hinanden: „Lad os gå ind til Betlehem og se, hvad der er sket, det, som Gud har fortalt os om.” 16 Så skyndte de sig ind til byen, hvor de fandt det sted, hvor Maria og Josef boede, og de fandt barnet, som lå i krybben. 17 Hyrderne fortalte nu, hvad englen havde sagt om barnet, 18 og alle, som hørte deres beretning, var forundrede. 19 Maria tog alle ordene til sig og tænkte ofte senere på, hvad der var sket den nat. 20 Hyrderne vendte glade tilbage til fårene på marken, imens de lovpriste Gud for alt, hvad de havde set og hørt. Det var jo sket, som englen havde sagt.

Simeon velsigner Jesus i templet

21 Da drengen en uge senere skulle omskæres, fik han navnet Jesus. Det var det navn, englen havde givet ham, før han blev undfanget i sin mors liv.

22-24 Ifølge Toraen skal en kvinde, som har født, gennemgå en renselsesceremoni, og der skal bringes et offer i templet.[d] Endvidere står der skrevet, at enhver førstefødt søn skal tilhøre Gud.[e] Josef og Maria gik derfor op til templet i Jerusalem, da tiden var inde, for at bringe det foreskrevne renselsesoffer, dvs. et par turtelduer eller blot to unge duer. Samtidig tog de barnet med for at indvi ham til at tjene Gud.

25 I Jerusalem boede der en mand ved navn Simeon. Han var en mand, der omhyggeligt fulgte Guds lov og længselsfuldt ventede på Israels Messias. Han var fyldt med Helligåndens kraft, 26 og Ånden havde åbenbaret for ham, at han ikke skulle dø, før han havde set den Frelser, som Gud havde lovet at sende. 27 Netop den dag, da Josef og Maria kom for at indvi barnet Jesus, som Toraen foreskrev, havde Helligånden givet Simeon den indskydelse, at han skulle gå op i templet, 28 og der mødte han dem så. Han tog straks den lille i sine arme og begyndte at lovprise Gud på følgende måde:

29 „Herre, endelig kan jeg som din tjener gå bort i fred, som du har lovet mig. 30-31 For nu har jeg set ham, som skal være alle folkeslags frelser, 32 ham, som er det lys, der bringer ny indsigt til mennesker og ære til dit folk, Israel.”

33 Josef og Maria stod overvældede og hørte på alt det, der blev sagt om Jesus. 34-35 Så velsignede Simeon dem og sagde til Maria: „Det barn vil blive årsag til fald for mange blandt Israels folk, men andre vil blive hjulpet. Han vil afsløre menneskers inderste tanker, og mange vil hade ham for det. Til sidst vil sorgen gennemtrænge dit hjerte som et sværd.”

36 Der var på det tidspunkt i Jerusalem også en gammel profet ved navn Anna. Hun var datter af Fanuel og tilhørte Ashers stamme. Efter syv års ægteskab 37 havde hun levet som enke, og nu som 84-årig var hun altid at finde i templet. Under faste og bøn tjente hun Gud dag og nat. 38 Hun havde stået i nærheden og brød nu ud i tak til Gud. Derefter fortalte hun om barnet til alle, som længtes efter Jerusalems befrielse.

39 Da Jesu forældre havde opfyldt alt, hvad der var foreskrevet i Guds lov, vendte de tilbage til deres hjemby, Nazaret, i Galilæa. 40 Der voksede Jesus op, og han blev en moden og klog dreng. Det var tydeligt, at Guds velsignelse var over ham.

Jesus som tolvårig i templet

41 Josef og Maria rejste hvert år til Jerusalem for at være med til påskefesten. 42 Da Jesus var blevet 12 år gammel, fik han lov til at komme med for første gang. 43 Da højtidsdagene var forbi, begyndte Josef og Maria på rejsen tilbage til Nazaret, men Jesus blev i Jerusalem, uden at hans forældre vidste det. 44 Den første dag tænkte de ikke over hans fravær, fordi de regnede med, at han var sammen med nogle venner blandt de øvrige rejsende. Men da han ved aftenstid endnu ikke var dukket op, søgte de efter ham blandt familie og venner. 45 Da han ikke var at finde nogen steder, vendte de om og brugte den næste dag til at rejse tilbage til Jerusalem.

46 På den tredje dag fandt de ham i templet, hvor han sad fordybet i samtale med dem, der underviste i Toraen. 47 De undrede sig alle over hans kloge spørgsmål og den måde, han svarede på. 48 Hans forældre vidste ikke, hvad de skulle tænke, da de fandt ham siddende blandt alle de lærde, men så udbrød hans mor: „Jamen, dreng dog! Hvordan kunne du gøre sådan imod os? Din far og jeg har været så urolige for dig, og vi har ledt efter dig alle vegne!”

49 „Hvorfor har I ledt efter mig alle vegne?” spurgte Jesus. „Vidste I ikke, at jeg har en opgave her i min Fars hus?” 50 Men de forstod ikke, hvad han mente med det.

51 Så fulgte han med dem tilbage til Nazaret og var lydig imod dem. Siden hen spekulerede Maria tit på det, han havde sagt. 52 Jesus voksede både åndeligt og fysisk og var vellidt af Gud og mennesker.

Footnotes

  1. 2,2 De fleste oversættelser følger her en fejlkopieret grundtekst, som ikke giver mening. Forsøger man alligevel at oversætte den meningsløse tekst, får man: „Dette blev den første folketælling, mens Kvirinius var guvernør i Syrien” eller „Denne folketælling var den første, der fandt sted, mens Kvirinius var guvernør i Syrien.”
  2. 2,7 Det græske ord, der er brugt her, betyder gæsteværelse, men er næppe en kro eller et herberg, da Lukas bruger et andet ord for kro i 10,34. Mange huse havde et gæsteværelse ovenpå, mens der var opholdsstue og staldrum i stueetagen. Josef og Maria boede sandsynligvis hos slægtninge i Betlehem, men andre tilrejsende havde åbenbart allerede optaget husets gæsteværelse. Det var almindeligt at have et rum til et par okser eller æsler i stueetagen med et alrum på et lidt højere niveau.
  3. 2,14 Teksten er åben for flere fortolkninger, og der er forskelle mellem de forskellige græske manuskripter. Ordret står der: „fred til viljes/acceptsmennesker”. Det græske ord for accept betyder egentlig at betragte noget som værende godt og efter Guds vilje. Det er uklart, om det er Gud, der accepterer mennesker, eller mennesker, der accepterer Gud, eller mennesker, der accepterer den fred, som Gud tilbyder. I alle tilfælde er der tale om, at kun de, der tror på Jesus som Messias og dermed gør Guds vilje, vil opleve den lovede fred.
  4. 2,22-24 Jf. 3.Mos. 12.
  5. 2,22-24 Jf. 2.Mos. 13,12.15; 4.Mos. 18,15-16.

The Birth of Jesus Christ

Now it happened that in those days a decree went out from Caesar[a] Augustus to register all the empire. (This first registration took place when[b] Quirinius was governor of Syria.) And everyone went to be registered, each one to his own town. So Joseph also went up from Galilee, from the town of Nazareth, to Judea, to the city of David which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and family line of David, to be registered together with Mary, who was legally promised in marriage to him and[c] was pregnant. And it happened that while they were there, the time came[d] for her to give birth. And she gave birth to her firstborn son, and wrapped him in strips of cloth and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn.

The Shepherds and the Angels

And there were shepherds in the same region, living out of doors and keeping watch, guarding over their flock by night. And an angel of the Lord stood near them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terribly frightened.[e] 10 And the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid, for behold, I bring good news to you of great joy which will be for all the people: 11 that today a Savior, who is Christ the Lord, was born for you in the city of David. 12 And this will be the sign for you: you will find the baby wrapped in strips of cloth and lying in a manger.” 13 And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly army, praising God and saying,

14 “Glory to God in the highest,
    and on earth peace
    among people with whom he is pleased!”[f]

15 And it happened that when the angels had departed from them into heaven, the shepherds began to say[g] to one another, “Let us go now to Bethlehem and see this thing that has happened, which the Lord has revealed to us!” 16 And they went hurrying and found both Mary and Joseph, and the baby who was lying in the manger. 17 And when they[h] saw it,[i] they made known the statement that had been told to them about this child. 18 And all who heard it[j] were astonished concerning what had been said to them by the shepherds. 19 But Mary treasured up all these words, pondering them[k] in her heart. 20 And the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all that they had heard and seen, just as it had been told to them.

21 And when eight days were completed so that he could be circumcised,[l] he was named Jesus, his name that he was called by the angel before he was conceived in the womb.

The Presentation of Jesus at the Temple

22 And when the days of their purification were completed according to the law of Moses, they brought him up to Jerusalem to present him[m] to the Lord 23 (just as it is written in the law of the Lord, “Every male that opens the womb will be called holy to the Lord”)[n] 24 and to offer a sacrifice according to what was stated in the law of the Lord, “a pair of turtledoves or two young pigeons.”[o]

The Prophecy of Simeon

25 And behold, there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was[p] Simeon, and this man was righteous and devout, looking forward to the consolation of Israel, and the Holy Spirit was upon him. 26 And it had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit that he would not see death before he would see the Lord’s Christ.[q] 27 And he came in the Spirit into the temple, and when the parents brought in the child Jesus so that they could do for him according to what was customary under the law, 28 he took him in his[r] arms and praised God and said,

29 “Now dismiss your slave in peace, Lord,
    according to your word.
30 For my eyes have seen your salvation
31     that you have prepared in the presence of all the peoples,
32 a light for revelation to the Gentiles,
    and glory to your people Israel.”

33 And his father and mother were astonished at what was said about him. 34 And Simeon blessed them and said to his mother Mary, “Behold, this child is appointed for the fall and rise of many in Israel, and for a sign that is opposed[s] 35 and a sword will pierce your own soul also, so that the thoughts of many hearts will be revealed!”

The Testimony of Anna

36 And there was a prophetess, Anna the daughter of Phanuel of the tribe of Asher (she was advanced in years,[t] having lived with her husband seven years after her marriage,[u] 37 and herself as a widow up to eighty-four years)[v] who did not depart from the temple with fastings and prayers, serving night and day. 38 And at that same hour she approached and[w] began to give thanks[x] to God, and to speak about him to all those who were waiting for the redemption of Jerusalem.

39 And when they had completed everything according to the law of the Lord, they returned to Galilee, to their own town of Nazareth. 40 And the child was growing and becoming strong, filled with wisdom, and the favor of God was upon him.

Jesus in the Temple at Twelve Years Old

41 And his parents went every year to Jerusalem for the feast of the Passover. 42 And when he was twelve years old, they went up according to the custom of the feast. 43 And after[y] the days were completed, while they were returning, the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem. And his parents did not know it,[z] 44 but believing him to be in the group of travelers, they went a day’s journey. And they began searching for[aa] him among their[ab] relatives and their[ac] acquaintances, 45 and when they[ad] did not find him,[ae] they returned to Jerusalem to search for him. 46 And it happened that after three days they found him in the temple courts,[af] sitting in the midst of the teachers and listening to them and asking them questions. 47 And all who heard him were amazed at his insight and his[ag] answers. 48 And when they[ah] saw him, they were astounded and his mother said to him, “Child, why have you done this to us? Look, your father and I have been searching for you anxiously!” 49 And he said to them, “Why[ai] were you searching for me? Did you not know that it was necessary for me to be in the house[aj] of my Father?” 50 And they did not understand the statement that he spoke to them. 51 And he went down with them and came to Nazareth, and was submitting to them. And his mother treasured all these things in her heart.

52 And Jesus was advancing in wisdom and stature and in favor with God and with people.

Footnotes

  1. Luke 2:1 Or “the emperor”
  2. Luke 2:2 Or perhaps “before”; here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was governor”)
  3. Luke 2:5 Here “and” is supplied in keeping with English style
  4. Luke 2:6 Literally “the days were completed”
  5. Luke 2:9 Literally “they were afraid with great fear”
  6. Luke 2:14 Literally “of good pleasure”
  7. Luke 2:15 The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to say”)
  8. Luke 2:17 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  9. Luke 2:17 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  10. Luke 2:18 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  11. Luke 2:19 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  12. Luke 2:21 Literally “to circumcise him”
  13. Luke 2:22 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  14. Luke 2:23 An allusion to Exod 13:2, 12, 15
  15. Luke 2:24 A quotation from Lev 5:11; 12:8
  16. Luke 2:25 Literally “to whom the name”
  17. Luke 2:26 Or “Messiah”
  18. Luke 2:28 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  19. Luke 2:34 Or “rejected”
  20. Luke 2:36 Literally “with many days”
  21. Luke 2:36 Literally “from her virginity”
  22. Luke 2:37 Or “eighty-four years as a widow”
  23. Luke 2:38 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
  24. Luke 2:38 The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to give thanks”)
  25. Luke 2:43 Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“were completed”) which is understood as temporal
  26. Luke 2:43 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  27. Luke 2:44 The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began searching for”)
  28. Luke 2:44 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  29. Luke 2:44 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  30. Luke 2:45 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“find”) which is understood as temporal
  31. Luke 2:45 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  32. Luke 2:46 *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself
  33. Luke 2:47 This is an understood repetition of “his” due to English style
  34. Luke 2:48 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  35. Luke 2:49 Literally “what is it that”
  36. Luke 2:49 Or “things” (= business)

The Birth of Jesus

In those days Caesar Augustus(A) issued a decree that a census should be taken of the entire Roman world.(B) (This was the first census that took place while[a] Quirinius was governor of Syria.)(C) And everyone went to their own town to register.

So Joseph also went up from the town of Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to Bethlehem(D) the town of David, because he belonged to the house and line of David. He went there to register with Mary, who was pledged to be married to him(E) and was expecting a child. While they were there, the time came for the baby to be born, and she gave birth to her firstborn, a son. She wrapped him in cloths and placed him in a manger, because there was no guest room available for them.

And there were shepherds living out in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks at night. An angel(F) of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified. 10 But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid.(G) I bring you good news that will cause great joy for all the people. 11 Today in the town of David a Savior(H) has been born to you; he is the Messiah,(I) the Lord.(J) 12 This will be a sign(K) to you: You will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger.”

13 Suddenly a great company of the heavenly host appeared with the angel, praising God and saying,

14 “Glory to God in the highest heaven,
    and on earth peace(L) to those on whom his favor rests.”

15 When the angels had left them and gone into heaven, the shepherds said to one another, “Let’s go to Bethlehem and see this thing that has happened, which the Lord has told us about.”

16 So they hurried off and found Mary and Joseph, and the baby, who was lying in the manger.(M) 17 When they had seen him, they spread the word concerning what had been told them about this child, 18 and all who heard it were amazed at what the shepherds said to them. 19 But Mary treasured up all these things and pondered them in her heart.(N) 20 The shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God(O) for all the things they had heard and seen, which were just as they had been told.

21 On the eighth day, when it was time to circumcise the child,(P) he was named Jesus, the name the angel had given him before he was conceived.(Q)

Jesus Presented in the Temple

22 When the time came for the purification rites required by the Law of Moses,(R) Joseph and Mary took him to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord 23 (as it is written in the Law of the Lord, “Every firstborn male is to be consecrated to the Lord”[b]),(S) 24 and to offer a sacrifice in keeping with what is said in the Law of the Lord: “a pair of doves or two young pigeons.”[c](T)

25 Now there was a man in Jerusalem called Simeon, who was righteous and devout.(U) He was waiting for the consolation of Israel,(V) and the Holy Spirit was on him. 26 It had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit that he would not die before he had seen the Lord’s Messiah. 27 Moved by the Spirit, he went into the temple courts. When the parents brought in the child Jesus to do for him what the custom of the Law required,(W) 28 Simeon took him in his arms and praised God, saying:

29 “Sovereign Lord, as you have promised,(X)
    you may now dismiss[d] your servant in peace.(Y)
30 For my eyes have seen your salvation,(Z)
31     which you have prepared in the sight of all nations:
32 a light for revelation to the Gentiles,
    and the glory of your people Israel.”(AA)

33 The child’s father and mother marveled at what was said about him. 34 Then Simeon blessed them and said to Mary, his mother:(AB) “This child is destined to cause the falling(AC) and rising of many in Israel, and to be a sign that will be spoken against, 35 so that the thoughts of many hearts will be revealed. And a sword will pierce your own soul too.”

36 There was also a prophet,(AD) Anna, the daughter of Penuel, of the tribe of Asher. She was very old; she had lived with her husband seven years after her marriage, 37 and then was a widow until she was eighty-four.[e](AE) She never left the temple but worshiped night and day, fasting and praying.(AF) 38 Coming up to them at that very moment, she gave thanks to God and spoke about the child to all who were looking forward to the redemption of Jerusalem.(AG)

39 When Joseph and Mary had done everything required by the Law of the Lord, they returned to Galilee to their own town of Nazareth.(AH) 40 And the child grew and became strong; he was filled with wisdom, and the grace of God was on him.(AI)

The Boy Jesus at the Temple

41 Every year Jesus’ parents went to Jerusalem for the Festival of the Passover.(AJ) 42 When he was twelve years old, they went up to the festival, according to the custom. 43 After the festival was over, while his parents were returning home, the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem, but they were unaware of it. 44 Thinking he was in their company, they traveled on for a day. Then they began looking for him among their relatives and friends. 45 When they did not find him, they went back to Jerusalem to look for him. 46 After three days they found him in the temple courts, sitting among the teachers, listening to them and asking them questions. 47 Everyone who heard him was amazed(AK) at his understanding and his answers. 48 When his parents saw him, they were astonished. His mother(AL) said to him, “Son, why have you treated us like this? Your father(AM) and I have been anxiously searching for you.”

49 “Why were you searching for me?” he asked. “Didn’t you know I had to be in my Father’s house?”[f](AN) 50 But they did not understand what he was saying to them.(AO)

51 Then he went down to Nazareth with them(AP) and was obedient to them. But his mother treasured all these things in her heart.(AQ) 52 And Jesus grew in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and man.(AR)

Footnotes

  1. Luke 2:2 Or This census took place before
  2. Luke 2:23 Exodus 13:2,12
  3. Luke 2:24 Lev. 12:8
  4. Luke 2:29 Or promised, / now dismiss
  5. Luke 2:37 Or then had been a widow for eighty-four years.
  6. Luke 2:49 Or be about my Father’s business