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Los discípulos arrancan espigas en sábado(A)

Un sábado, Jesús caminaba entre los sembrados. Sus discípulos arrancaban espigas de trigo, las desgranaban entre las manos y se comían los granos. Entonces algunos fariseos les preguntaron:

—¿Por qué hacen ustedes algo que no está permitido hacer en sábado?

Jesús les contestó:

—¿No han leído ustedes lo que hizo David en una ocasión en que él y sus compañeros tuvieron hambre? Entró en la casa de Dios y tomó los panes consagrados a Dios, comió de ellos y dio también a sus compañeros, a pesar de que solamente a los sacerdotes se les permitía comer de ese pan.

Y añadió:

—El Hijo del hombre tiene autoridad sobre el sábado.

Jesús sana a un enfermo en sábado(B)

Otro sábado, Jesús entró en la sinagoga y comenzó a enseñar. Había en ella un hombre que tenía la mano derecha tullida; y los maestros de la ley y los fariseos espiaban a Jesús para ver si lo sanaría en sábado, y así tener algún pretexto para acusarlo. Pero él, que sabía lo que estaban pensando, le dijo al hombre que tenía la mano tullida:

—Levántate y ponte ahí en medio.

El hombre se levantó y se puso de pie, y Jesús dijo a los otros:

—Les voy a hacer una pregunta: ¿Qué está permitido hacer en sábado: el bien o el mal? ¿Salvar una vida o destruirla?

10 Luego miró a todos los que lo rodeaban, y le dijo a aquel hombre:

—Extiende la mano.

El hombre lo hizo así, y su mano quedó sana. 11 Pero los otros se enojaron mucho y comenzaron a discutir qué podrían hacer contra Jesús.

Jesús escoge a los doce apóstoles(C)

12 Por aquellos días, Jesús se fue a un cerro a orar, y pasó toda la noche orando a Dios. 13 Cuando se hizo de día, llamó a sus discípulos, y escogió a doce de ellos, a quienes llamó apóstoles. 14 Éstos fueron: Simón, a quien puso también el nombre de Pedro; Andrés, hermano de Simón; Santiago, Juan, Felipe, Bartolomé, 15 Mateo, Tomás, Santiago, hijo de Alfeo; Simón, al que llamaban el celote, 16 Judas, hijo de Santiago, y Judas Iscariote, que fue quien traicionó a Jesús.

Jesús enseña a mucha gente(D)

17 Jesús bajó del cerro con ellos y se detuvo en un llano. Se habían juntado allí muchos de sus seguidores y mucha gente de toda la región de Judea, de Jerusalén y de la costa de Tiro y Sidón. 18 Habían llegado para oír a Jesús y para que los curara de sus enfermedades. Los que sufrían a causa de espíritus impuros, también quedaban sanos. 19 Así que toda la gente quería tocar a Jesús, porque los sanaba a todos con el poder que de él salía.

Lo que realmente cuenta ante Dios(E)

20 Jesús miró a sus discípulos, y les dijo:

«Dichosos ustedes los pobres, pues de ustedes es el reino de Dios.

21 »Dichosos ustedes los que ahora tienen hambre, pues quedarán satisfechos.

»Dichosos ustedes los que ahora lloran, pues después reirán.

22 »Dichosos ustedes cuando la gente los odie, cuando los expulsen, cuando los insulten y cuando desprecien su nombre como cosa mala, por causa del Hijo del hombre. 23 Alégrense mucho, llénense de gozo en ese día, porque ustedes recibirán un gran premio en el cielo; pues también así maltrataron los antepasados de esa gente a los profetas.

24 »Pero ¡ay de ustedes los ricos, pues ya han tenido su alegría!

25 »¡Ay de ustedes los que ahora están satisfechos, pues tendrán hambre!

»¡Ay de ustedes los que ahora ríen, pues van a llorar de tristeza!

26 »¡Ay de ustedes cuando todo el mundo los alabe, pues así hacían los antepasados de esa gente con los falsos profetas!

El amor a los enemigos(F)

27 »Pero a ustedes que me escuchan les digo: Amen a sus enemigos, hagan bien a quienes los odian, 28 bendigan a quienes los maldicen, oren por quienes los insultan. 29 Si alguien te pega en una mejilla, ofrécele también la otra; y si alguien te quita la capa, déjale que se lleve también tu camisa. 30 A cualquiera que te pida algo, dáselo, y al que te quite lo que es tuyo, no se lo reclames. 31 Hagan ustedes con los demás como quieren que los demás hagan con ustedes.

32 »Si ustedes aman solamente a quienes los aman a ustedes, ¿qué hacen de extraordinario? Hasta los pecadores se portan así. 33 Y si hacen bien solamente a quienes les hacen bien a ustedes, ¿qué tiene eso de extraordinario? También los pecadores se portan así. 34 Y si dan prestado sólo a aquellos de quienes piensan recibir algo, ¿qué hacen de extraordinario? También los pecadores se prestan unos a otros, esperando recibir unos de otros. 35 Ustedes deben amar a sus enemigos, y hacer bien, y dar prestado sin esperar nada a cambio. Así será grande su recompensa, y ustedes serán hijos del Dios altísimo, que es también bondadoso con los desagradecidos y los malos. 36 Sean ustedes compasivos, como también su Padre es compasivo.

No juzgar a otros(G)

37 »No juzguen a otros, y Dios no los juzgará a ustedes. No condenen a otros, y Dios no los condenará a ustedes. Perdonen, y Dios los perdonará. 38 Den a otros, y Dios les dará a ustedes. Les dará en su bolsa una medida buena, apretada, sacudida y repleta. Con la misma medida con que ustedes den a otros, Dios les devolverá a ustedes.»

39 Jesús les puso esta comparación: «¿Acaso puede un ciego servir de guía a otro ciego? ¿No caerán los dos en algún hoyo? 40 Ningún discípulo es más que su maestro: cuando termine sus estudios llegará a ser como su maestro.

41 »¿Por qué te pones a mirar la astilla que tiene tu hermano en el ojo, y no te fijas en el tronco que tienes en el tuyo? 42 Y si no te das cuenta del tronco que tienes en tu propio ojo, ¿cómo te atreves a decir a tu hermano: “Hermano, déjame sacarte la astilla que tienes en el ojo”? ¡Hipócrita!, saca primero el tronco de tu propio ojo, y así podrás ver bien para sacar la astilla que tiene tu hermano en el suyo.

El árbol se conoce por su fruto(H)

43 »No hay árbol bueno que pueda dar fruto malo, ni árbol malo que pueda dar fruto bueno. 44 Cada árbol se conoce por su fruto: no se cosechan higos de los espinos, ni se recogen uvas de las zarzas. 45 El hombre bueno dice cosas buenas porque el bien está en su corazón, y el hombre malo dice cosas malas porque el mal está en su corazón. Pues de lo que abunda en su corazón habla su boca.

La casa bien o mal fundada(I)

46 »¿Por qué me llaman ustedes, “Señor, Señor”, y no hacen lo que les digo? 47 Voy a decirles a quién se parece el que viene a mí y me oye y hace lo que digo: 48 se parece a un hombre que para construir una casa cavó primero bien hondo, y puso la base sobre la roca. Cuando creció el río, el agua dio con fuerza contra la casa, pero ni moverla pudo, porque estaba bien construida. 49 Pero el que me oye y no hace lo que digo, se parece a un hombre que construyó su casa sobre la tierra y sin cimientos; y cuando el río creció y dio con fuerza contra ella, se derrumbó y quedó completamente destruida.»

Jesus Is Lord of the Sabbath

One Sabbath while Jesus was passing through fields of standing grain, it happened that His disciples were picking the heads of grain, rubbing them in their hands, and eating them.(A) But some of the Pharisees said, “Why are you doing what [a]is unlawful on the Sabbath?”(B) Jesus replied to them, “Have you not even read [in the Scriptures] what David did when he was hungry, he and those who were with him—(C) how he went into the house of God, and took and ate the [b]consecrated bread, which is not lawful [for anyone] to eat except the priests alone, and [how he also] gave it to the men who were with him?”(D) Jesus was saying to them, “The Son of Man (the Messiah) is Lord [even] of the Sabbath.”

On another Sabbath He went into the synagogue and taught, and a man was present whose right hand was withered.(E) The scribes and the Pharisees were watching Him closely [with malicious intent], to see if He would [actually] heal [someone] on the Sabbath, so that they might find a reason to accuse Him. But He was aware of their thoughts, and He said to the man with the withered hand, “Get up and come forward.” So he got up and stood there. Then Jesus said to them, “I ask you directly: Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath or to do evil, to save a life or to destroy it?” 10 After looking around at them all, He said to the man, “Stretch out your hand!” And he did, and his hand was [fully] restored. 11 But the scribes and Pharisees were filled with senseless rage [and lacked spiritual insight], and discussed with one another what they might do to Jesus.

Choosing the Twelve

12 Now at this time Jesus went off to the mountain to pray, and He spent the whole night in prayer to God. 13 When day came, He called His disciples and selected twelve of them, whom He also named [c]apostles (special messengers, personally chosen representatives):(F) 14 Simon, whom He also named Peter, and his brother Andrew; and [the brothers] [d]James and John; and Philip, and Bartholomew [also called Nathanael]; 15 and Matthew (Levi, the tax collector) and Thomas; and [e]James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon who was called the Zealot; 16 Judas [also called Thaddaeus] the son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor [to the Lord].

17 Then Jesus came down with them and stood on a level place; and there was a large crowd of His disciples, and a vast multitude of people from all over Judea and Jerusalem and the coastal region of Tyre and Sidon, 18 who had come to listen to Him and to be healed of their diseases. Even those who were troubled by unclean spirits (demons) were being healed. 19 All the people were trying to touch Him, because [healing] power was coming from Him and healing them all.

The Beatitudes

20 And looking toward His disciples, He began [f]speaking: “Blessed [spiritually prosperous, happy, to be admired] are you who are poor [in spirit, those devoid of spiritual arrogance, those who regard themselves as insignificant], for the kingdom of God is yours [both now and forever].(G) 21 Blessed [joyful, nourished by God’s goodness] are you who hunger now [for righteousness, actively seeking right standing with God], for you will be [completely] satisfied. Blessed [forgiven, refreshed by God’s grace] are you who weep now [over your sins and repent], for you will laugh [when the burden of sin is lifted]. 22 Blessed [morally courageous and spiritually alive with life-joy in God’s goodness] are you when people hate you, and exclude you [from their fellowship], and insult you, and scorn your name as evil because of [your association with] the Son of Man. 23 Rejoice on that day and leap for joy, for your reward in heaven is great [absolutely inexhaustible]; for their fathers used to treat the prophets in the same way. 24 But [g]woe (judgment is coming) to you who are rich [and place your faith in possessions while remaining spiritually impoverished], for you are [already] receiving your comfort in full [and there is nothing left to be awarded to you]. 25 Woe to you who are well-fed (gorged, satiated) now, for you will be hungry. Woe to you who laugh now [enjoying a life of self-indulgence], for you will mourn and weep [and deeply long for God]. 26 Woe to you when all the people speak well of you and praise you, for their fathers used to treat the false prophets in the same way.

27 “But I say to you who hear [Me and pay attention to My words]: [h]Love [that is, unselfishly seek the best or higher good for] your enemies, [make it a practice to] do good to those who hate you, 28 bless and show kindness to those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you. 29 Whoever [i]strikes you on the cheek, offer him the other one also [simply ignore insignificant insults or losses and do not bother to retaliate—maintain your dignity]. Whoever takes away your coat, do not withhold your shirt from him either.(H) 30 Give to everyone who asks of you. [j]Whoever takes away what is yours, do not demand it back. 31 Treat others the same way you want them to treat you. 32 If you [only] love those who love you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners love those who love them. 33 If you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners do the same. 34 If you lend [money] to those from whom you expect to receive [it back], what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners expecting to receive back the same amount. 35 But love [that is, unselfishly seek the best or higher good for] your enemies, and do good, and lend, [k]expecting nothing in return; for your reward will be great (rich, abundant), and you will be sons of the Most High; because He Himself is kind and gracious and good to the ungrateful and the wicked. 36 Be merciful (responsive, compassionate, tender) just as your [heavenly] Father is merciful.

37 [l]Do not judge [others self-righteously], and you will not be judged; do not condemn [others when you are guilty and unrepentant], and you will not be condemned [for your hypocrisy]; pardon [others when they truly repent and change], and you will be pardoned [when you truly repent and change].(I) 38 Give, and it will be given to you. They will pour into your lap a good measure—pressed down, shaken together, and running over [with no space left for more]. For with the standard of measurement you use [when you do good to others], it will be measured to you in return.”

39 He also told them a parable: “Can a blind man guide [another] blind man? Will they not both fall into a hole in the ground? 40 A student is not superior to his teacher; but everyone, after he has been completely trained, will be like his teacher. 41 Why do you look at the speck that is in your brother’s eye, but do not notice or consider the log that is in your own eye? 42 How can you say to your brother, ‘Brother, allow me to take out the speck that is in your eye,’ when you yourself do not see the log that is in your own eye? You hypocrite (play actor, pretender), first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take out the speck that is in your brother’s eye. 43 For there is no good tree which produces bad fruit, nor, on the other hand, a bad tree which produces good fruit.(J) 44 For each tree is known and identified by its own fruit. For figs are not picked from thorn bushes, nor is a cluster of grapes picked from a briar bush. 45 The [intrinsically] good man produces what is good and honorable and moral out of the good treasure [stored] in his heart; and the [intrinsically] evil man produces what is wicked and depraved out of the evil [in his heart]; for his mouth speaks from the overflow of his heart.

A Secure Foundation

46 “Why do you call Me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ and do not practice what I tell you? 47 Everyone who comes to Me and listens to My words and obeys them, I will show you whom he is like:(K) 48 he is like a [far-sighted, practical, and sensible] man building a house, who dug deep and laid a foundation on the rock; and when a flood occurred, the torrent burst against that house and yet could not shake it, because it had been securely built and founded on the rock. 49 But the one who has [merely] heard and has not practiced [what I say], is like a [foolish] man who built a house on the ground without any foundation, and the torrent burst against it; and it immediately collapsed, and the ruin of that house was great.”

Footnotes

  1. Luke 6:2 See note Matt 12:2.
  2. Luke 6:4 Or showbread; lit bread of presentation.
  3. Luke 6:13 In general usage the word “apostle” (Gr apostolos) means “sent one” or “messenger.” In this passage and others in reference to the “twelve,” the word “apostles” is used in a technical sense of the twelve disciples, and later Paul, whom Jesus chose. An apostle was one who had witnessed Christ’s resurrection (Acts 1:21, 22) or (in Paul’s case) had seen the resurrected Christ (1 Cor 9:1, 2). They validated their apostleship by performing “signs and wonders and miracles” (2 Cor 12:12), and were the foundation of the church.
  4. Luke 6:14 The sons of Zebedee and Salome. Salome is believed to be a sister of Mary, the mother of Jesus.
  5. Luke 6:15 Also called James the Less or James the Younger. His mother Mary (Gr Maria) is believed to be a sister or sister-in-law of Mary, the mother of Jesus.
  6. Luke 6:20 In vv 20-22 Luke lists four of the nine Beatitudes recorded by Matthew and follows them with four antithetical woes in vv 24-26.
  7. Luke 6:24 The four woes (vv 24-26) are addressed to those who lack spiritual perception and are oblivious to the importance of Jesus’ message of salvation.
  8. Luke 6:27 The key to understanding this and other statements about love is to know that this love (the Greek word agape) is not so much a matter of emotion as it is of doing things for the benefit of another person, that is, having an unselfish concern for another and a willingness to seek the higher good for another.
  9. Luke 6:29 In this context the “slap” is not an act of violence, but more likely an insult or violation of one’s rights.
  10. Luke 6:30 Probably a prohibition against frivolous legal action.
  11. Luke 6:35 Or not despairing at all.
  12. Luke 6:37 This is not a prohibition of judgment, nor is it a command to stop using godly wisdom, common sense, and moral courage together with God’s written word to discern right from wrong, to distinguish between morality and immorality, and to judge doctrinal truth. There are many judgments that are not only legitimate, but are commanded (cf John 7:24; 1 Cor 5:5, 12; Gal 1:8, 9; 1 John 4:1-3; 2 John 10); however, you cannot judge another if you are committing the same type of sin.

Jesus Is Lord of the Sabbath(A)

One Sabbath Jesus was going through the grainfields, and his disciples began to pick some heads of grain, rub them in their hands and eat the kernels.(B) Some of the Pharisees asked, “Why are you doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?”(C)

Jesus answered them, “Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were hungry?(D) He entered the house of God, and taking the consecrated bread, he ate what is lawful only for priests to eat.(E) And he also gave some to his companions.” Then Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man(F) is Lord of the Sabbath.”

On another Sabbath(G) he went into the synagogue and was teaching, and a man was there whose right hand was shriveled. The Pharisees and the teachers of the law were looking for a reason to accuse Jesus, so they watched him closely(H) to see if he would heal on the Sabbath.(I) But Jesus knew what they were thinking(J) and said to the man with the shriveled hand, “Get up and stand in front of everyone.” So he got up and stood there.

Then Jesus said to them, “I ask you, which is lawful on the Sabbath: to do good or to do evil, to save life or to destroy it?”

10 He looked around at them all, and then said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” He did so, and his hand was completely restored. 11 But the Pharisees and the teachers of the law were furious(K) and began to discuss with one another what they might do to Jesus.

The Twelve Apostles(L)

12 One of those days Jesus went out to a mountainside to pray, and spent the night praying to God.(M) 13 When morning came, he called his disciples to him and chose twelve of them, whom he also designated apostles:(N) 14 Simon (whom he named Peter), his brother Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, 15 Matthew,(O) Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Simon who was called the Zealot, 16 Judas son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor.

Blessings and Woes(P)

17 He went down with them and stood on a level place. A large crowd of his disciples was there and a great number of people from all over Judea, from Jerusalem, and from the coastal region around Tyre and Sidon,(Q) 18 who had come to hear him and to be healed of their diseases. Those troubled by impure spirits were cured, 19 and the people all tried to touch him,(R) because power was coming from him and healing them all.(S)

20 Looking at his disciples, he said:

“Blessed are you who are poor,
    for yours is the kingdom of God.(T)
21 Blessed are you who hunger now,
    for you will be satisfied.(U)
Blessed are you who weep now,
    for you will laugh.(V)
22 Blessed are you when people hate you,
    when they exclude you(W) and insult you(X)
    and reject your name as evil,
        because of the Son of Man.(Y)

23 “Rejoice in that day and leap for joy,(Z) because great is your reward in heaven. For that is how their ancestors treated the prophets.(AA)

24 “But woe to you who are rich,(AB)
    for you have already received your comfort.(AC)
25 Woe to you who are well fed now,
    for you will go hungry.(AD)
Woe to you who laugh now,
    for you will mourn and weep.(AE)
26 Woe to you when everyone speaks well of you,
    for that is how their ancestors treated the false prophets.(AF)

Love for Enemies(AG)

27 “But to you who are listening I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you,(AH) 28 bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you.(AI) 29 If someone slaps you on one cheek, turn to them the other also. If someone takes your coat, do not withhold your shirt from them. 30 Give to everyone who asks you, and if anyone takes what belongs to you, do not demand it back.(AJ) 31 Do to others as you would have them do to you.(AK)

32 “If you love those who love you, what credit is that to you?(AL) Even sinners love those who love them. 33 And if you do good to those who are good to you, what credit is that to you? Even sinners do that. 34 And if you lend to those from whom you expect repayment, what credit is that to you?(AM) Even sinners lend to sinners, expecting to be repaid in full. 35 But love your enemies, do good to them,(AN) and lend to them without expecting to get anything back. Then your reward will be great, and you will be children(AO) of the Most High,(AP) because he is kind to the ungrateful and wicked. 36 Be merciful,(AQ) just as your Father(AR) is merciful.

Judging Others(AS)

37 “Do not judge, and you will not be judged.(AT) Do not condemn, and you will not be condemned. Forgive, and you will be forgiven.(AU) 38 Give, and it will be given to you. A good measure, pressed down, shaken together and running over, will be poured into your lap.(AV) For with the measure you use, it will be measured to you.”(AW)

39 He also told them this parable: “Can the blind lead the blind? Will they not both fall into a pit?(AX) 40 The student is not above the teacher, but everyone who is fully trained will be like their teacher.(AY)

41 “Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brother’s eye and pay no attention to the plank in your own eye? 42 How can you say to your brother, ‘Brother, let me take the speck out of your eye,’ when you yourself fail to see the plank in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the plank out of your eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye.

A Tree and Its Fruit(AZ)

43 “No good tree bears bad fruit, nor does a bad tree bear good fruit. 44 Each tree is recognized by its own fruit.(BA) People do not pick figs from thornbushes, or grapes from briers. 45 A good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and an evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of.(BB)

The Wise and Foolish Builders(BC)

46 “Why do you call me, ‘Lord, Lord,’(BD) and do not do what I say?(BE) 47 As for everyone who comes to me and hears my words and puts them into practice,(BF) I will show you what they are like. 48 They are like a man building a house, who dug down deep and laid the foundation on rock. When a flood came, the torrent struck that house but could not shake it, because it was well built. 49 But the one who hears my words and does not put them into practice is like a man who built a house on the ground without a foundation. The moment the torrent struck that house, it collapsed and its destruction was complete.”