Ritual and Moral Holiness

19 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying:

² “Speak to all the congregation of the Israelites and say to them: You shall be holy, for I the Lord your God am holy.^{(A) 3} You shall each revere your mother and father, and you shall keep my Sabbaths: I am the Lord your God.^{(B) 4} Do not turn to idols or make cast images for yourselves: I am the Lord your God.^(C)

⁵ “When you offer a sacrifice of well-being to the Lord, offer it in such a way that it is acceptable on your behalf. ⁶ It shall be eaten on the same day you offer it or on the next day, and anything left over until the third day shall be consumed in fire. ⁷ If any of it is eaten on the third day, it is an abomination; it will not be acceptable. ⁸ All who eat it shall be subject to punishment, because they have profaned what is holy to the Lord, and any such person shall be cut off from the people.

⁹ “When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.^{(D) 10} You shall not strip your vineyard bare or gather the fallen grapes of your vineyard; you shall leave them for the poor and the alien: I am the Lord your God.

¹¹ “You shall not steal; you shall not deal falsely; and you shall not lie to one another.^{(E) 12} And you shall not swear falsely by my name, profaning the name of your God: I am the Lord.^(F)

¹⁵ “You shall not render an unjust judgment; you shall not be partial to the poor or defer to the great: with justice you shall judge your neighbor.^{(A) 16} You shall not go around as a slanderer among your people, and you shall not stand idly by when the blood^[a] of your neighbor is at stake: I am the Lord.^(B)

¹⁷ “You shall not hate in your heart anyone of your kin; you shall reprove your neighbor, or you will incur guilt yourself.^{(C) 18} You shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against any of your people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself: I am the Lord.^(D)

The Greatest Commandment

³⁴ When the Pharisees heard that he had silenced the Sadducees, they gathered together, ³⁵ and one of them, an expert in the law, asked him a question to test him.^{(A) 36} “Teacher, which commandment in the law is the greatest?” ³⁷ He said to him, “ ‘You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’^{(B) 38} This is the greatest and first commandment. ³⁹ And a second is like it: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’^{(C) 40} On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets.”^(D)

The Question about David’s Son

⁴¹ Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them this question: ⁴² “What do you think of the Messiah?^[a] Whose son is he?” They said to him, “The son of David.”^{(E) 43} He said to them, “How is it then that David by the Spirit^[b] calls him Lord, saying,

⁴⁵ “If David thus calls him Lord, how can he be his son?” ⁴⁶ No one was able to give him an answer, nor from that day did anyone dare to ask him any more questions.^(G)