Leviticus 5
Lexham English Bible
More Laws Regarding Sin Offerings
5 “‘When a person[a] sins in that[b] he hears the utterance of a curse and he is a witness or he sees or he knows, if he does not make it known, then[c] he shall bear his guilt. 2 Or if a person[d] touches anything unclean, whether[e] an unclean wild[f] animal’s dead body or an unclean domestic animal’s dead body or an unclean swarmer’s dead body, but[g] he is unaware of it,[h] he is unclean and he is guilty. 3 Or when he touches human uncleanness, namely[i] any uncleanness of his by which he might become unclean, but[j] he is unaware of it,[k] and he himself finds out, then[l] he will be guilty. 4 Or when a person[m] swears, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips, to do evil or to do good with regard to[n] anything that the person[o] in a sworn oath speaks thoughtlessly, but[p] he is unaware of it,[q] he will be guilty in any of[r] these. 5 When he becomes guilty in any of[s] these, he shall confess[t] what he has sinned regarding[u] it, 6 and he shall bring his guilt offering to[v] Yahweh for his sin that he has committed:[w] a female from the flock,[x] a ewe-lamb or a she-goat,[y] as a sin offering, and the priest shall make atonement for him for[z] his sin.
7 “‘If[aa] he cannot afford a sheep,[ab] he shall bring as his guilt offering for what he sinned two turtledoves or two young doves[ac] for Yahweh, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering. 8 He shall bring[ad] them to the priest, and he shall present that which is for the sin offering first, and the priest[ae] shall wring its head off at the back of its neck,[af] but[ag] he must not sever it, 9 and he shall spatter some of[ah] the sin offering’s blood on the altar’s side, and the leftover blood must be drained out on the altar’s base; it is a sin offering. 10 The second[ai] bird he must prepare as a burnt offering according to the regulation, and the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin that he has committed,[aj] and he shall be forgiven.
11 “‘But[ak] if he cannot afford[al] two turtledoves or two young doves,[am] then,[an] because he has sinned, he shall bring as his offering a tenth of an[ao] ephah of finely milled flour as a sin offering. He must not put[ap] oil on it, nor should he put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12 He shall bring[aq] it to the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it[ar] for its token portion, and he shall turn it to smoke on the altar in addition to[as] the offerings made by fire to Yahweh; it is a sin offering. 13 Thus[at] the priest shall make atonement for him because of the sin that he has committed[au] in any of these,[av] and he shall be forgiven. It shall be[aw] for the priest, like the grain offering.’”
Laws for Guilt Offerings
14 Then[ax] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 15 “When a person[ay] displays infidelity[az] and he sins in an unintentional wrong in any of[ba] Yahweh’s holy things, then[bb] he shall bring his guilt offering to[bc] Yahweh: a ram without defect from the flock[bd] as a guilt offering by your valuation in silver shekels[be] according to the sanctuary shekel. 16 And he shall make restitution for what he sinned because of[bf] a holy thing and shall add one-fifth of its value[bg] onto it and shall give it to the priest. The priest[bh] shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.
17 “If[bi] a person[bj] when he sins violates[bk] one from all of Yahweh’s commands that should not be violated,[bl] but[bm] he did not know, then[bn] he is guilty and he shall bear his guilt. 18 He shall bring[bo] to the priest a ram without defect from the flock[bp] as a guilt offering by your valuation, and the priest shall make atonement for him because of his unintentional wrong (although[bq] he himself did not know), and he will be forgiven. 19 It is a guilt offering; he certainly was guilty before Yahweh.”
Footnotes
- Leviticus 5:1 Or “a soul”
- Leviticus 5:1 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:1 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:2 Or “a soul”
- Leviticus 5:2 Literally “or”
- Leviticus 5:2 Implied by the following phrase specifying domestic animals
- Leviticus 5:2 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:2 Literally “it is concealed from him”
- Leviticus 5:3 Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510)
- Leviticus 5:3 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:3 Literally “it is concealed from him”
- Leviticus 5:3 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:4 Or “a soul”
- Leviticus 5:4 Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510)
- Leviticus 5:4 Literally “the man”
- Leviticus 5:4 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:4 Literally “it is concealed from him”
- Leviticus 5:4 Literally “for one of”
- Leviticus 5:5 Literally “for one of”
- Leviticus 5:5 Or “and he shall confess”
- Leviticus 5:5 Literally “upon” or “against”
- Leviticus 5:6 Or “for”
- Leviticus 5:6 Literally “sinned”
- Leviticus 5:6 The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals)
- Leviticus 5:6 Literally “a she-goat of goats”
- Leviticus 5:6 Hebrew “from”
- Leviticus 5:7 Or “And if”
- Leviticus 5:7 Literally “his hand does not touch enough of small livestock”
- Leviticus 5:7 Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove”
- Leviticus 5:8 Or “And he shall bring”
- Leviticus 5:8 Required by the previous action (see NET)
- Leviticus 5:8 Literally “from opposite its neck”
- Leviticus 5:8 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:9 Literally “from”
- Leviticus 5:10 Or “And the second”
- Leviticus 5:10 Literally “sinned”
- Leviticus 5:11 Or “And”
- Leviticus 5:11 Literally “his hand cannot produce for”
- Leviticus 5:11 Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove”
- Leviticus 5:11 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:11 Hebrew “the”
- Leviticus 5:11 Or “And he must not put”
- Leviticus 5:12 Or “And he shall bring”
- Leviticus 5:12 Literally “shall scoop up from it the fullness of his handful”
- Leviticus 5:12 Literally “on” or “upon”
- Leviticus 5:13 Or “And”
- Leviticus 5:13 Literally “sinned”
- Leviticus 5:13 Literally “from one from these”
- Leviticus 5:13 Or “And it shall be”
- Leviticus 5:14 Or “And”
- Leviticus 5:15 Or “a soul”
- Leviticus 5:15 Literally “acts unfaithfully infidelity” or “is unfaithful in unfaithfulness”
- Leviticus 5:15 Literally “from”
- Leviticus 5:15 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:15 Or “for”
- Leviticus 5:15 The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals)
- Leviticus 5:15 Or “convertible into silver shekels” (NET, NRSV, TNK), “of the proper value in silver” (NIV; cp. ESV “valued in silver shekels,” CSB), or “or you may buy one of equal value with silver” (NLT)
- Leviticus 5:16 Literally “from” (see HALOT 598)
- Leviticus 5:16 Literally “it”
- Leviticus 5:16 Or “And the priest”
- Leviticus 5:17 Or “And if”
- Leviticus 5:17 Or “a soul”
- Leviticus 5:17 Literally “and she/it does”
- Leviticus 5:17 Literally “they are to be done”
- Leviticus 5:17 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:17 Or “and”
- Leviticus 5:18 Or “And he shall bring”
- Leviticus 5:18 The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals)
- Leviticus 5:18 Or “and”
Leviticus 5
Common English Bible
Unintentional sin
5 If you sin:
by not providing information after hearing a public solemn pledge even though you are a witness, knowing something, or having seen something so that you become liable to punishment;
2 or by touching some unclean thing—the dead body of an unclean wild animal, unclean livestock, or unclean swarming creature—but the fact goes unknown so that you become unclean and guilty of sin;
3 or by touching human uncleanness—any uncleanness that makes one unclean—and the fact goes unknown, but you later learn of it and become guilty of sin;
4 or by carelessly swearing to do something, whether bad or good—whatever one might swear carelessly—and the fact goes unknown, but you later learn of it and become guilty of sin concerning one of these things—
5 at that point, when you have become guilty of sin in one of these ways, you must confess how you have sinned 6 and bring to the Lord as compensation for the sin that was committed a female from the flock, either a sheep or goat, as a purification offering. The priest will then make reconciliation for you, to remove your sin.
Alternative offerings
7 If you can’t afford an animal from the flock, you can bring to the Lord as compensation for your sin two doves or two pigeons, one as a purification offering and the other as an entirely burned offering. 8 You will bring them to the priest, who will first present the one for the purification offering. He will pinch off its head at the back of its neck without splitting it. 9 Then he will sprinkle some of the blood of the purification offering on the side of the altar. The rest of the blood will be drained out at the base of the altar. It is a purification offering. 10 Then, with the second bird, the priest will perform an entirely burned offering according to the regulation. In this way, the priest will make reconciliation for you because of the sin you committed, and you will be forgiven.
11 If you cannot afford two doves or two pigeons, you can bring as the offering for your sin a tenth of an ephah[a] of choice flour as a purification offering. You must not put any oil on it, nor any frankincense, because it is a purification offering. 12 You will bring it to the priest, and the priest will take a handful from it—the token portion—and will burn it completely on the altar along with the food gifts for the Lord. It is a purification offering. 13 In this way, the priest will make reconciliation for you for whichever one of the sins you committed, and you will be forgiven. The rest of the offering will belong to the priest like the grain offering.
The compensation offering
14 The Lord said to Moses, 15 Whenever you commit wrongdoing, unintentionally sinning against any of the Lord’s holy things, you must bring to the Lord as your compensation a flawless ram from the flock, its value calculated in silver shekels according to the sanctuary’s shekel, as a compensation offering. 16 You will make amends for the way you have sinned against the holy thing: you will add one-fifth to its value and give it to the priest. Then the priest will make reconciliation for you with the ram for the compensation offering, and you will be forgiven.
17 If you sin by breaking any of the Lord’s commands, but without realizing it, doing something that shouldn’t be done, and then become guilty and liable to punishment, 18 you must bring a flawless ram from the flock, at the standard value, as a compensation offering to the priest. The priest will make reconciliation for you for the unintentional fault that you committed, even though you didn’t realize it, and you will be forgiven. 19 It is a compensation offering. You have definitely become guilty before the Lord.
Footnotes
- Leviticus 5:11 Two quarts; one ephah is approximately twenty quarts dry.
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