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Leviticus 23
Lexham English Bible

Yahweh’s Feasts

23 Then[a] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak to the Israelites,[b] and say to them, ‘The festivals of Yahweh that you shall proclaim are holy assemblies; these are my appointed times.

Yahweh’s Sabbath

3 “‘For six days work is to be done, and on the seventh day shall be a Sabbath of complete rest,[c] a holy assembly; you shall not do any work; it shall be a Sabbath for Yahweh in all your dwellings.

The Passover

4 “‘These are Yahweh’s appointed times, holy assemblies, which you shall proclaim at[d] their appointed time. 5 In the first month, on the fourteenth of the month at the evening is Yahweh’s Passover. 6 And on the fifteenth day of this month is Yahweh’s Feast of Unleavened Bread; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. 7 On the first day there shall be a holy assembly for you; you shall not do any regular work.[e] 8 And you shall present an offering for Yahweh made by fire for seven days; on the seventh day there shall be a holy assembly; you shall not do any regular work.’”[f]

The Feast of Firstfruits

9 Then[g] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 10 “Speak to the Israelites,[h] and say to them, ‘When you come to the land that I am about to give to you and you reap its harvest, then[i] you shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruit of your harvest to the priest. 11 And he shall wave the sheaf before[j] Yahweh for your acceptance; the priest shall wave it on the day after[k] the Sabbath. 12 And on the day of your waving the sheaf you shall offer[l] a yearling[m] male lamb without defect as a burnt offering to Yahweh. 13 And its grain offering shall be two-tenths of an ephah[n] of finely milled flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire for Yahweh, an appeasing fragrance; and its libation shall be a fourth of a hin[o] of wine. 14 And you shall not eat bread or[p] roasted grain or[q] ripe grain until this very same day,[r] until you present your God’s offering. This must be a lasting statute[s] for your generations in all your dwellings.

The Feast of Weeks

15 “‘And you shall count for yourselves from the day after[t] the Sabbath, from the day of your bringing the wave offering’s sheaf—there shall be seven full weeks. 16 Until the day after[u] the seventh Sabbath you shall count fifty days; then[v] you shall present a new grain offering for Yahweh. 17 You shall bring from your dwellings for a wave offering two loaves of bread made with[w] two-tenths of an ephah[x] of finely milled flour; they must be baked with leaven—the firstfruits belonging to[y] Yahweh. 18 And, in addition to the bread, you shall present seven yearling[z] male lambs without defects and one young bull[aa] and two rams—they shall be a burnt offering for Yahweh with[ab] their grain offering and their libations, an offering made by fire, an appeasing fragrance for Yahweh. 19 And you shall offer[ac] one he-goat as a sin offering and two yearling[ad] male lambs as a sacrifice of fellowship offerings. 20 And the priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits as a wave offering before[ae] Yahweh; in addition to the two male lambs, they shall be holy for Yahweh for the priest. 21 And you shall make a proclamation[af] on this very same day;[ag] it shall be a holy assembly for you; you shall not do any regular work;[ah] this is a lasting statute[ai] in all your dwellings throughout[aj] your generations. 22 And when you[ak] reap the harvest of your[al] land, you[am] must not finish the edge of your[an] field at your reaping, and you[ao] must not glean the remnants of your[ap] harvest—you[aq] shall leave them behind for the needy and for the alien; I am Yahweh your[ar] God.’”

The Feast of Trumpets

23 Then[as] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 24 “Speak to the Israelites,[at] saying, ‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you must have[au] a rest period, a remembrance of the trumpet blast, a holy assembly. 25 You must not do any regular work,[av] and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh.’”

The Day of Atonement

26 Then[aw] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 27 “Surely the Day of Atonement is on the tenth day of the seventh month; it shall be a holy assembly for you, and you shall deny yourselves, and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh. 28 And you must not do any regular work[ax] on this very same day,[ay] because it is the Day of Atonement to make atonement for you before[az] Yahweh your God. 29 If there is any person who does not deny himself on this very same day,[ba] then[bb] he shall be cut off from his people. 30 As for[bc] any person who does any work on this very same day,[bd] I will exterminate that person from the midst of his people. 31 You must not do any work; it is a lasting statute[be] throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It is a Sabbath of complete rest[bf] for you, and you shall deny yourselves on the ninth day of the month in the evening—from evening to evening you must observe your extraordinary[bg] Sabbath.”

The Feast of Booths

33 Then[bh] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 34 “Speak to the Israelites,[bi] saying, ‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, this shall be the Feast of Booths for seven days for Yahweh. 35 On the first day there shall be a holy assembly; you must not do any regular work.[bj] 36 For seven days you must present an offering made by fire to Yahweh. On the eighth day it shall be a holy assembly for you, and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh; it is a celebration; you must not do any regular work.[bk]

Summary

37 “‘These are Yahweh’s festivals, which you must proclaim, holy assemblies to present an offering made by fire to Yahweh—burnt offering and grain offering, sacrifice and libations, each on its proper day[bl]— 38 besides[bm] Yahweh’s Sabbaths and besides[bn] your gifts and besides[bo] your vows and besides[bp] all your freewill offerings that you give to Yahweh.

39 “‘Surely on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, at your gathering the land’s produce, you shall hold Yahweh’s festival for seven days; on the first day there shall be a rest period and on the eighth day a rest period. 40 And on the first day you shall take for yourselves the first fruit of majestic trees, branches of palm trees and branches[bq] of a leafy tree and of a brook’s poplar trees, and you shall rejoice before[br] Yahweh your God for seven days. 41 And you must hold it as a festival for Yahweh for seven days in the year; it shall be a lasting statute[bs] throughout your generations; in the seventh month you must hold it. 42 You must live in the booths for seven days; all the natives in Israel must live in the booths, 43 so that your generations shall know that I made the Israelites[bt] live in booths when I brought them from the land of Egypt; I am Yahweh your God.’”

44 Thus[bu] Moses announced to the Israelites[bv] Yahweh’s appointed times.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 23:1 Or “And”
  2. Leviticus 23:2 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  3. Leviticus 23:3 Literally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
  4. Leviticus 23:4 Or “on”
  5. Leviticus 23:7 Literally “all work of labor”
  6. Leviticus 23:8 Literally “all work of labor”
  7. Leviticus 23:9 Or “And”
  8. Leviticus 23:10 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  9. Leviticus 23:10 Or “and”
  10. Leviticus 23:11 Literally “to the faces of”
  11. Leviticus 23:11 Literally “from the next day of”
  12. Leviticus 23:12 Or “sacrifice”; literally “do” or “make”
  13. Leviticus 23:12 Literally “a son of its year”
  14. Leviticus 23:13 Supplied by context
  15. Leviticus 23:13 Hebrew “the hin”
  16. Leviticus 23:14 Or “and”
  17. Leviticus 23:14 Or “and”
  18. Leviticus 23:14 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  19. Leviticus 23:14 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  20. Leviticus 23:15 Literally “from the next day of”
  21. Leviticus 23:16 Literally “from the next day of”
  22. Leviticus 23:16 Or “and”
  23. Leviticus 23:17 Literally “they shall be”
  24. Leviticus 23:17 Supplied by context
  25. Leviticus 23:17 Literally “to”
  26. Leviticus 23:18 Literally “a son of its year”
  27. Leviticus 23:18 Literally “a bull a son of cattle”
  28. Leviticus 23:18 Or “and”
  29. Leviticus 23:19 Or “sacrifice”; literally “do” or “make”
  30. Leviticus 23:19 Literally “a son of its year”
  31. Leviticus 23:20 Literally “to the faces of”
  32. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “you shall proclaim”
  33. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  34. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “all work of labor”
  35. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  36. Leviticus 23:21 Or “for”
  37. Leviticus 23:22 Plural
  38. Leviticus 23:22 Plural
  39. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  40. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  41. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  42. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  43. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  44. Leviticus 23:22 Plural
  45. Leviticus 23:23 Or “And”
  46. Leviticus 23:24 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  47. Leviticus 23:24 Literally “it must be for yourselves”
  48. Leviticus 23:25 Literally “all work of labor”
  49. Leviticus 23:26 Or “And”
  50. Leviticus 23:28 Literally “all work of labor”
  51. Leviticus 23:28 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  52. Leviticus 23:28 Literally “to the faces of”
  53. Leviticus 23:29 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  54. Leviticus 23:29 Or “and”
  55. Leviticus 23:30 Or “And”
  56. Leviticus 23:30 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  57. Leviticus 23:31 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  58. Leviticus 23:32 Literally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
  59. Leviticus 23:32 Supplied from the immediate context within this verse
  60. Leviticus 23:33 Or “And”
  61. Leviticus 23:34 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  62. Leviticus 23:35 Literally “work of labor”
  63. Leviticus 23:36 Literally “all work of labor”
  64. Leviticus 23:37 Literally “a thing of a day on its day”
  65. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  66. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  67. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  68. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  69. Leviticus 23:40 Collective singular
  70. Leviticus 23:40 Literally “to the faces of”
  71. Leviticus 23:41 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  72. Leviticus 23:43 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  73. Leviticus 23:44 Or “And”
  74. Leviticus 23:44 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
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Leviticus 23
New American Standard Bible

Laws of Holy Days

23 The Lord spoke again to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them, ‘(A)The Lord’s appointed times which you shall (B)proclaim as holy convocations—My appointed times are these:

3 ‘(C)For six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there is a Sabbath of complete rest, a holy convocation. You shall not do any work; it is a Sabbath to the Lord in all your dwellings.

4 ‘These are the (D)appointed times of the Lord, holy convocations which you shall proclaim at the times appointed for them. 5 (E)In the [a]first month, on the fourteenth day of the month [b]at twilight is the Lord’s Passover. 6 Then on the fifteenth day of the same month there is the (F)Feast of Unleavened Bread to the Lord; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. 7 On the first day you shall have a holy convocation; you shall (G)not do any laborious work. 8 But for seven days you shall present an offering by fire to the Lord. On the seventh day is a holy convocation; you shall not do any laborious work.’”

9 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 10 “Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them, ‘When you enter the land which I am going to give to you and you (H)gather its harvest, then you shall bring in the sheaf of the first fruits of your harvest to the priest. 11 He shall wave the sheaf before the Lord for you to be accepted; on the day after the Sabbath the priest shall wave it. 12 Now on the day when you wave the sheaf, you shall offer a male lamb one year old without defect as a burnt offering to the Lord. 13 Its (I)grain offering shall then be [c]two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil, an offering by fire to the Lord for a soothing aroma, with its drink offering, a [d]fourth of a hin of wine. 14 Until this very day, until you have brought in the offering of your God, (J)you shall eat neither bread nor roasted grain nor new produce. It is to be a permanent statute throughout your generations in all your dwelling places.

15 ‘(K)You shall also count for yourselves from the day after the Sabbath, from the day when you brought in the sheaf of the wave offering; there shall be seven complete Sabbaths. 16 You shall count fifty days to the day after the seventh Sabbath; then you shall present a (L)new grain offering to the Lord. 17 You shall bring in from your dwelling places two loaves of bread as a wave offering, made of [e]two-tenths of an ephah; they shall be of a fine flour, baked (M)with leaven as first fruits to the Lord. 18 Along with the bread you shall present seven one-year-old male lambs without defect, and a bull of the herd and two rams; they are to be a burnt offering to the Lord, with their grain offering and their drink offerings, an offering by fire of a soothing aroma to the Lord. 19 You shall also offer (N)one male goat as a [f]sin offering, and two male lambs one year old as a sacrifice of peace offerings. 20 The priest shall then wave them with the bread of the first fruits as a wave offering with two lambs before the Lord; they are to be holy to the Lord for the priest. 21 On this very day you shall (O)make a proclamation as well; you are to have a holy convocation. You shall do no laborious (P)work. It is to be a permanent statute in all your dwelling places throughout your generations.

22 ‘(Q)When you reap the harvest of your land, moreover, you shall not reap to the very edges of your field nor gather the gleaning of your harvest; you are to leave them for the needy and the stranger. I am the Lord your God.’”

23 Again the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 24 “Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘(R)In the [g]seventh month on the first of the month you shall have a [h]rest, a (S)reminder by blowing of trumpets, a holy convocation. 25 You shall (T)not do any laborious work, but you shall present an offering by fire to the Lord.’”

The Day of Atonement

26 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 27 “On exactly (U)the tenth day of this seventh month is (V)the Day of Atonement; it shall be a holy convocation for you, and you shall humble [i]yourselves and present an offering by fire to the Lord. 28 You shall not do any work on this very day, for it is a (W)Day of Atonement, (X)to make atonement on your behalf before the Lord your God. 29 If there is any [j]person who does not humble himself on this very day, (Y)he shall be cut off from his people. 30 As for any person who does any work on this very day, that person I will eliminate from among his people. 31 You shall not do any work. It is to be a permanent statute throughout your generations in all your dwelling places. 32 It is to be a Sabbath of complete rest for you, and you shall humble [k]yourselves; on the ninth of the month at evening, from evening until evening, you shall keep your Sabbath.”

33 Again the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 34 “Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘On (Z)the fifteenth of this [l]seventh month is the (AA)Feast of Booths for seven days to the Lord. 35 On the first day is a holy convocation; you shall (AB)not do any laborious work. 36 (AC)For seven days you shall present an offering by fire to the Lord. On (AD)the eighth day you shall have a holy convocation and present an offering by fire to the Lord; it is an assembly. You shall not do any laborious work.

37 ‘These are (AE)the appointed times of the Lord which you shall proclaim as holy convocations, to present offerings by fire to the Lord—burnt offerings and grain offerings, sacrifices and drink offerings, (AF)each day’s matter on its own day— 38 besides those of the Sabbaths of the Lord, and besides your gifts and besides all your [m]vowed and [n]voluntary offerings, which you give to the Lord.

39 ‘On exactly the fifteenth day of the seventh month, (AG)when you have gathered in the crops of the land, you shall celebrate the feast of the Lord for seven days, with a [o]rest on the first day and a [p]rest on the eighth day. 40 Now on the first day you shall take for yourselves the [q]foliage of beautiful trees, palm branches and branches of trees with thick branches and willows of the brook, and you shall rejoice before the Lord your God for seven days. 41 So you shall celebrate it as a feast to the Lord for seven days in the year. It shall be a permanent statute throughout your generations; you shall celebrate it in the seventh month. 42 You shall live (AH)in booths for seven days; all the native-born in Israel shall live in booths, 43 so that (AI)your generations may know that I had the sons of Israel live in booths when I brought them out from the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.’” 44 So Moses declared to the sons of Israel (AJ)the appointed times of the Lord.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 23:5 I.e., Nisan = March/April
  2. Leviticus 23:5 Lit between the two evenings
  3. Leviticus 23:13 About 0.13 cubic feet or 0.004 cubic meters
  4. Leviticus 23:13 About 0.25 gallon or 1 liter
  5. Leviticus 23:17 About 0.13 cubic feet or 0.004 cubic meters
  6. Leviticus 23:19 Or purification offering
  7. Leviticus 23:24 I.e., Tishri = September/October
  8. Leviticus 23:24 Lit Sabbath rest
  9. Leviticus 23:27 Lit your souls
  10. Leviticus 23:29 Lit soul
  11. Leviticus 23:32 Lit your souls
  12. Leviticus 23:34 I.e., Tishri = September/October
  13. Leviticus 23:38 Lit vows, and besides all your
  14. Leviticus 23:38 Or freewill offerings
  15. Leviticus 23:39 Lit Sabbath rest
  16. Leviticus 23:39 Lit Sabbath rest
  17. Leviticus 23:40 Lit products; or fruit
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Leviticus 22
Leviticus 24
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