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Rules About Sexual Relations

18 The Lord said to Moses, “Tell the ·people [L sons; children] of Israel: ‘I am the Lord your God. In the past you lived in Egypt, but you must not do what was done in that country. And you must not do as they do in the land of Canaan, where I am bringing you. Do not follow their ·customs [statutes; ordinances; requirements]. You must obey my ·rules [regulations] and ·follow [guard; keep] ·them [L my statutes/ordinances/requirements]. I am the Lord your God. ·Obey [Guard; Keep] my ·laws [statutes; ordinances; requirements] and ·rules [regulations]; a person who obeys them will live because of them. I am the Lord.

“‘You must never ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your close relatives. I am the Lord.

“‘You must not ·shame [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your father by ·having sexual relations with [L exposing/uncovering the nakedness of] your mother. She is your mother; do not ·have sexual relations with her [L expose/uncover her nakedness]. You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your father’s wife; ·that would shame [L it is the nakedness of] your father.

“‘You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your sister, either the daughter of your father or your mother. It doesn’t matter if she was born in your house or somewhere else.

10 “‘You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter; ·that would bring shame on you [L their nakedness is your nakedness].

11 “‘If your father and his wife have a daughter, she is your sister. You must not ·have sexual relations with her [L expose/uncover her nakedness].

12 “‘You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your father’s sister; she is your father’s close relative. 13 You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your mother’s sister; she is your mother’s close relative. 14 You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] the wife of your father’s brother, ·because this would shame him [L you should not approach his wife]. She is your aunt.

15 “‘You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your daughter-in-law; she is your son’s wife. ·Do not have sexual relations with her [L You must not expose/uncover her nakedness].

16 “‘You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] your brother’s wife. ·That would shame [L It is the nakedness of] your brother.

17 “‘You must not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] both a woman and her daughter. And do not ·have sexual relations with [L expose/uncover the nakedness of] this woman’s granddaughter, either the daughter of her son or her daughter; they are her close relatives. It is evil to do this.

18 “‘While your wife is still living, you must not take her sister as ·another wife [L a rival]. Do not ·have sexual relations with her [L expose/uncover her nakedness].

19 “‘You must not go near a woman to ·have sexual relations with her [L expose/uncover her nakedness] during her monthly period, when she is unclean [C in a ritual sense; 15:19–33].

20 “‘You must not have ·sexual relations [intercourse] with your neighbor’s wife and make yourself unclean with her.

21 “‘You must not give any of your children to ·be sacrificed [L pass them over; C an allusion to passing them through fire] to Molech [C probably an Ammonite god; 20:3–5; 2 Kin. 23:10; Jer. 32:35], ·because this would show that you do not respect [L and so profane the name of] your God. I am the Lord.

22 “‘You must not ·have sexual relations [L lie] with a man as you would a woman. That is ·a hateful sin [an abomination].

23 “‘You must not have ·sexual relations [intercourse] with an animal and make yourself unclean with it. Also a woman must not ·have sexual relations with an animal [L stand in front of an animal for copulation]; it is ·not natural [perverted].

24 “‘Don’t make yourself unclean by any of these wrong things. I am forcing nations out of their countries because they did these sins, and I am giving their land to you. 25 The land has become unclean [C in a ritual sense], and I punished it for its sins, so the land is ·throwing [vomiting] out those people who live there.

26 “‘You must ·obey [guard; keep] my ·laws [statutes; ordinances; requirements] and ·rules [regulations], and you must not do any of these ·hateful sins [abominations]. ·These rules [L They] are for ·the citizens of Israel and for the people who live with you [natives and resident aliens]. 27 The people who lived in the land before you did all these ·hateful [abominable] things and made the land unclean. 28 If you do these things, you will also make the land unclean, and it will ·throw [vomit] you out as it ·threw [vomited] out the nations before you. 29 Anyone who does these ·hateful sins [abominations] must be cut off from the people. 30 ·Keep [Guard] my command not to do these ·hateful sins [abominations] that were done by the people who lived in the land before you. Don’t make yourself unclean by doing them. I am the Lord your God.’”

Laws on Immoral Relations

18 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the children of Israel and say to them, ‘I am the Lord your God. You shall not do what is done in the land of Egypt where you lived, and you shall not do what is done in the land of Canaan where I am bringing you. You shall not follow their statutes (practices, customs). You are to follow My judgments (precepts, ordinances) and keep My statutes and live by them. I am the Lord your God. So you shall keep My statutes and My judgments, by which, if a person keeps them, he shall live; I am the Lord.(A)

[a]No one shall approach any blood relative of his [b]to uncover nakedness (have intimate relations). I am the Lord. You shall not uncover the [c]nakedness of your father, that is, the nakedness of your mother. She is your mother. You shall not uncover her nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s wife; it is your father’s nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your sister, either the daughter of your father or of your mother, whether born at home or born elsewhere. 10 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter; their nakedness you shall not uncover, for they are your own nakedness [that is, your own descendants]. 11 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s wife’s daughter; born to your father, she is your sister. 12 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s sister; she is your father’s blood relative. 13 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother’s sister, for she is your mother’s blood relative. 14 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s brother’s wife; you shall not approach his wife; she is your aunt. 15 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your daughter-in-law; she is your son’s wife. You shall not uncover her nakedness. 16 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your brother’s wife; it is your brother’s nakedness. 17 You shall not uncover the nakedness of a woman and her daughter, nor shall you take her son’s daughter or her daughter’s daughter to uncover their nakedness (have intimate relations with them); they are [her] blood relatives; it is an outrageous offense. 18 You shall not marry a woman in addition to her sister as a rival while she is alive, to uncover her nakedness.

19 ‘Also you shall not approach a woman to uncover her nakedness during her menstrual impurity and ceremonial uncleanness. 20 You shall not have intimate relations with your neighbor’s wife, to be defiled with her. 21 You shall not give any of your children to offer them [by fire as a sacrifice] to Molech [the god of the Ammonites], nor shall you profane the name of your God [by honoring idols as gods]. I am the Lord. 22 You shall not lie [intimately] with a male as one lies with a female; it is repulsive.(B) 23 You shall not have intimate relations with any animal to be defiled with it; nor shall a woman stand before an animal to mate with it; it is a perversion.

24 ‘Do not defile yourselves by any of these things; for by all these the nations which I am casting out before you have become defiled. 25 For the land has become defiled; therefore I have brought its punishment upon it, and the land vomits out its inhabitants. 26 But as for you, you are to keep My statutes and My judgments (precepts) and shall not commit any of these repulsive acts, neither the native-born, nor the stranger who lives temporarily among you 27 (for all these repulsive acts have been done by the men who lived in the land before you, and the land has become defiled); 28 [do none of these things] so that the land will not vomit you out, should you defile it, as it has vomited out the nation which has been before you. 29 For whoever commits any of these repulsive acts, those persons who do so shall be cut off from among their people [excluding them from the atonement made for them]. 30 So keep My command: do not practice any of the repulsive customs which have been practiced before you, so as not to defile yourselves by them; I am the Lord your God.’”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 18:6 This passage (vv 6-18) states incestuous prohibitions.
  2. Leviticus 18:6 This Hebrew euphemism for sexual relations occurs in each verse in the passage.
  3. Leviticus 18:7 The father’s nakedness is a reference to his wife in her role as his sexual partner, i.e. the nakedness that belongs to him alone by virtue of their marriage (cf 1 Cor 7:4). Otherwise, the literal meaning would refer to intimate relations with the father himself, including homosexuality. The text itself states that this is not the meaning, especially in 20:11a (The man who lies...has uncovered his father’s nakedness).