Leviticus 8:6-9
New English Translation
Clothing Aaron
6 So Moses brought Aaron and his sons forward and washed them with water. 7 Then he[a] put the tunic[b] on Aaron,[c] wrapped the sash around him,[d] and clothed him with the robe.[e] Next he put the ephod on him[f] and placed on him[g] the decorated band of the ephod, and fastened the ephod closely to him with the band.[h] 8 He then set the breastpiece[i] on him and put the Urim and Thummim[j] into the breastpiece. 9 Finally, he set the turban[k] on his head and attached the gold plate, the holy diadem,[l] to the front of the turban just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
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- Leviticus 8:7 sn Here Moses actually clothes Aaron (cf. v. 13 below for Aaron’s sons). Regarding the various articles of clothing see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 111-12 and esp. J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:501-13.
- Leviticus 8:7 sn The term “tunic” refers to a shirt-like garment worn next to the skin and, therefore, put on first (cf. Exod 28:4, 39-40; 29:5, 8; 39:27). Traditionally this has been translated “coat” (so KJV, ASV), but that English word designates an outer garment.
- Leviticus 8:7 tn Heb “on him”; the referent (Aaron) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Leviticus 8:7 tn Heb “girded him with the sash” (so NASB); NCV “tied the cloth belt around him.”sn The sash fastened the tunic around the waist (Exod 28:4, 39; 29:9; 39:29).
- Leviticus 8:7 sn The robe was a long shirt-like over-garment that reached down below the knees. Its hem was embroidered with pomegranates and golden bells around the bottom (Exod 28:4, 31-35; 29:5; 39:22-26).
- Leviticus 8:7 sn The ephod was an apron like garment suspended from shoulder straps. It draped over the robe and extended from the chest down to the thighs (Exod 28:4, 6-14, 25-28; 29:5; 39:2-7).
- Leviticus 8:7 tn Heb “girded him with.”
- Leviticus 8:7 sn The decorated band of the ephod served as a sort of belt around Aaron’s body that would hold the ephod closely to him rather than allowing it to hang loosely across his front (Exod 28:8, 27; 29:5; 39:5, 20).
- Leviticus 8:8 sn The breastpiece was made of the same material as the ephod and was attached to it by means of gold rings and chains on its four corners (Exod 28:15-30; 29:5; 39:8-21). It had twelve stones attached to it (representing the twelve tribes of Israel), and a pocket in which the Urim and Thummim were kept (see following).
- Leviticus 8:8 sn The Urim and Thummim were two small objects used in the casting of lots to discern the will of God (see Exod 28:30; Num 27:21; Deut 33:8; 1 Sam 14:41 in the LXX and 28:6; Ezra 2:63 and Neh 7:65). It appears that by casting them one could obtain a yes or no answer, or no answer at all (1 Sam 28:6; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 111-12). See the extensive discussion in J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:507-11.
- Leviticus 8:9 tn Although usually thought to be a “turban” (and so translated by the majority of English versions) this object might be only a “turban-like headband” wound around the forehead area (HALOT 624 s.v. מִצְנֶפֶת).sn The turban consisted of wound-up linen (cf. Exod 28:4, 37, 39; 29:6; 39:31; Lev 16:4).
- Leviticus 8:9 sn The gold plate was attached as a holy diadem to the front of the turban by means of a blue cord, and had written on it “Holy to the Lord” (Exod 28:36-37; 39:30-31). This was a particularly important article of high priestly clothing in that it served as the main emblem indicating Aaron’s acceptable representation of Israel before the Lord (Exod 28:38).
Leviticus 8:13
New English Translation
13 Moses also brought forward Aaron’s sons, clothed them with tunics, wrapped sashes around them,[a] and wrapped headbands on them[b] just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
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- Leviticus 8:13 tc The MT has here “sash” (singular), but the context is clearly plural and Smr has it in the plural.tn Heb “girded them with sashes” (so NAB, NASB); NRSV “fastened sashes around them.”
- Leviticus 8:13 tn Heb “wrapped headdresses to them”; cf. KJV “bonnets”; NASB, TEV “caps”; NIV, NCV “headbands”; NAB, NLT “turbans.”sn Notice that the priestly garments of Aaron’s sons are quite limited compared to those of Aaron himself, the high priest (cf. vv. 7-9 above). The terms for “tunic” and “sash” are the same but not the headgear (cf. Exod 28:40; 29:8-9; 39:27-29).
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