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Leviticus 9-11
Lexham English Bible

Worship at the Tent of Assembly

9 Then[a] on the eighth day Moses summoned Aaron and his sons and Israel’s elders, 2 and he said to Aaron, “Take for yourself a bull calf[b] as a sin offering and a ram as a burnt offering, without defect,[c] and present them before[d] Yahweh. 3 Then[e] you[f] must speak to the Israelites,[g] saying, ‘Take a he-goat[h] as a sin offering and a bull calf and a male sheep, yearlings[i] without defect,[j] as a burnt offering, 4 and an ox and a ram as fellowship offerings to sacrifice before[k] Yahweh, and a grain offering mixed with oil, because today Yahweh will appear to you.”[l] 5 So[m] they took what Moses had commanded to the front of[n] the tent of assembly, and the whole community presented themselves, and they stood before[o] Yahweh.

6 Then[p] Moses said, “This is the word that Yahweh commanded you[q] to do so that[r] the glory of Yahweh might appear to you.”[s] 7 Then[t] Moses said to Aaron, “Approach[u] the altar and sacrifice[v] your sin offering and your burnt offering, and make atonement for yourself and for the people. And sacrifice[w] the people’s offering and make atonement for them, just as Yahweh has commanded.”

8 Then[x] Aaron approached[y] the altar, and he slaughtered the bull calf of the sin offering, which was for himself. 9 Then[z] Aaron’s sons presented the blood to him, and he dipped his finger in the blood, and he put it on the altar’s horns, and he poured out the blood on the altar’s base. 10 And the fat and the kidneys and the lobe from the sin offering’s liver[aa] he turned into smoke on the altar, just as Yahweh had commanded Moses, 11 but[ab] the meat and the skin he burned with fire[ac] outside the camp.[ad]

12 Then[ae] he slaughtered the burnt offering, and Aaron’s sons brought the blood to him, and he sprinkled it on the altar all around; 13 and they brought the burnt offering to him by its pieces, as well as[af] the head, and he turned them into smoke on the altar; 14 and he washed the inner parts[ag] and the lower leg bones, then[ah] he turned them into smoke upon the burnt offering on the altar.

15 Then[ai] he presented the people’s offering, and he took the goat of the sin offering, which was for the people, and he slaughtered it and offered[aj] it as a sin offering like the first one. 16 Then[ak] he presented the burnt offering, and he sacrificed[al] it according to the regulation. 17 Then[am] he presented the grain offering, and he filled his palm with some of[an] it, and he turned it into smoke on the altar besides the morning’s burnt offering. 18 Then[ao] he slaughtered the ox and the ram, the fellowship offerings that are for the people, and Aaron’s sons brought the blood to him, and he sprinkled it on the altar all around. 19 And as for the fat portions from the ox and from the ram (the fat tail and the layer of fat and the kidneys and the lobe of the liver), 20 they placed the fat portions on the breast sections, and he turned the fat portions into smoke on the altar. 21 Then[ap] Aaron waved the breast sections and the right upper thigh as a wave offering before[aq] Yahweh, just as Moses had commanded.

22 Then[ar] Aaron lifted his hand toward[as] the people, and he blessed them, and he came down after[at] sacrificing[au] the sin offering and the burnt offering and the fellowship offerings. 23 Then[av] Moses and Aaron entered the tent of assembly. When[aw] they came out, they blessed[ax] the people, and Yahweh’s glory appeared to all the people. 24 Then[ay] a fire went out from before[az] Yahweh, and it consumed the burnt offering and the fat portions on the altar. And all the people saw it, so[ba] they shouted for joy, and they fell on their faces.

The Deaths of Nadab and Abihu

10 And Aaron’s sons Nadab and Abihu each took his censer, and they put fire in them and placed incense on it;[bb] then[bc] they presented before[bd] Yahweh illegitimate fire, which he had not commanded them. 2 So[be] fire went out from before[bf] Yahweh, and it consumed them so that[bg] they died before[bh] Yahweh. 3 Therefore[bi] Moses said to Aaron, “This is what Yahweh spoke, saying, ‘Among those who are close to me I will show myself holy, and in the presence of[bj] all the people I will display my glory.’”[bk] So[bl] Aaron was silent.

4 Then[bm] Moses summoned Mishael and Elzaphan the sons of Uzziel, Aaron’s uncle, and he said to them, “Come forward.[bn] Carry your brothers from the front of[bo] the sanctuary to outside the camp.”[bp] 5 So[bq] they came forward,[br] and they carried them outside the camp[bs] in their tunics, just as Moses had ordered.

6 Then[bt] Moses said to Aaron and to his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, “You must not let your hair hang loosely, and you must not tear your garments, so that[bu] you will not die and he[bv] will be angry with all the community. But[bw] your brothers, all the house of Israel, may weep because of the burning that Yahweh caused,[bx] 7 but[by] you must not go out from the entrance to[bz] the tent of assembly lest you die, because Yahweh’s anointing oil is on you.” So[ca] they did according to Moses’ word.

Lasting Statutes

8 Then[cb] Yahweh spoke to Aaron, saying, 9 “You and your sons with you may not drink wine or[cc] strong drink when you come to the tent of assembly, so that[cd] you will not die—it is a lasting statute for your[ce] generations— 10 and to distinguish between the holy and the unholy,[cf] as well as[cg] between the unclean and the clean, 11 and to teach the Israelites[ch] all the rules that Yahweh has spoken to them through[ci] Moses.”

12 Then[cj] Moses spoke to Aaron and to his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, “As for the remaining parts,[ck] take the remainder of the grain offering from Yahweh’s offerings made by fire and eat it, the unleavened bread, beside the altar, because it is a most holy thing.[cl] 13 And you shall eat it in a holy place, because it is your allotted portion and the allotted portion of your sons from Yahweh’s offerings made by fire, for so I have been commanded. 14 And the wave offering’s breast section and the upper thigh of the contribution offering you[cm] must eat in a clean place, you and your sons and your daughters with you, because they are given as your allotted portion and your sons’ allotted portion from the sacrifices of the Israelites’[cn] fellowship offerings. 15 They must bring the thigh of the contribution offering and the breast section of the wave offering in addition to the offerings made by fire, consisting of the fat portions, to wave as a wave offering before[co] Yahweh; and it will be for you and for your sons with you as a lasting rule, just as Yahweh had commanded.”

The Problem of the Uneaten Sin Offering

16 Then[cp] Moses sought all over for the goat of the sin offering and behold, it was burned up. So[cq] he was angry with Aaron’s remaining sons Eleazar and Ithamar, saying, 17 “Why did you not eat the sin offering on the sanctuary’s site, because it is a most holy thing?[cr] And he gave it to you to remove the community’s guilt, to make atonement for them before[cs] Yahweh. 18 Look, its blood was not brought inside the sanctuary.[ct] Certainly you should have eaten it in the sanctuary, as I commanded.”

19 So[cu] Aaron said to Moses, “Look, today they presented their sin offering and their burnt offering before[cv] Yahweh, and things such as these have happened to me, and if I were to eat a sin offering today, would it have been good in Yahweh’s eyes?” 20 When[cw] Moses heard, it[cx] was good in his eyes.

Clean and Unclean Animals

11 Then[cy] Yahweh spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying to them, 2 “Speak to the Israelites,[cz] saying, ‘These are the animals that you may eat from all the animals that are on the land: 3 Any among the animals that has a divided hoof and has a split cleft in[da] the hoof, such[db] you may eat. 4 However,[dc] these[dd] you may not eat from those that chew the cud and from those that have a[de] divided hoof: the camel, because it is a chewer of cud but it does not have a hoof that is divided—it is unclean for you; 5 and the coney, because it is a chewer of cud but it does not have a hoof that is divided—it is unclean for you; 6 and the hare, because it is a chewer of cud but it does not have a hoof that is divided—it is unclean for you; 7 and the pig, because it has a divided hoof and has a split cleft in[df] the hoof but it does not chew cud—it is unclean for you. 8 You must not eat from their meat, and you must not touch their dead body—they are unclean for you.

9 “‘These[dg] you may eat from all that are in the water: any in the water that has a fin and scales, whether in the seas or[dh] in the streams—such[di] you may eat. 10 But any that does not have a fin and scales, whether in the seas or[dj] in the streams, among[dk] all the water’s swarmers among all the living creatures that are in the water—they are a detestable thing to you. 11 And they shall be detestable to you; you must not eat from their meat, and you must detest their dead body. 12 Any that does not have a fin and scales in the water—it is a detestable thing to you.

13 “‘And these you must detest from the birds; they must not be eaten—they are detestable: the eagle and the vulture and the short-toed eagle, 14 and the red kite and the black kite according to its kind, 15 every crow according to its kind, 16 and the ostrich[dl] and the short-eared owl and the seagull and the hawk according to its kind, 17 and the little owl and the cormorant and the great owl, 18 and the barn owl and the desert owl and the carrion vulture, 19 and the stork, the heron according to its kind and the hoopoe and the bat.

20 “‘Any winged insect[dm] that walks on all fours is detestable to you. 21 Only this may you eat from any of the winged insects[dn] that walk on all fours—that which has jointed legs above its feet for leaping upon the land. 22 From these[do] you may eat the locust according to its kind and the bald locust according to its kind and the cricket according to its kind and the grasshopper according to its kind. 23 But[dp] any other[dq] winged insect[dr] that has four legs is detestable to you. 24 And by these you shall become unclean—anyone who touches their dead body shall become unclean until the evening, 25 and anyone who carries their dead body must wash his garments, and he shall be unclean until the evening.

26 “‘With regard to any animal that has a divided hoof but does not split the hoof, or[ds] does not have a cud for chewing[dt]—they are unclean for you; anyone who touches them shall become unclean. 27 And anything that walks upon its paws among any of the animals[du] that walks on all fours—they are unclean for you; anyone who touches their dead body shall become unclean until the evening, 28 and the one who carries their dead body must wash his garments, and he shall be unclean until the evening—they are unclean for you.

29 “‘And these[dv] are the unclean for you among the swarmers[dw] that swarm on the land: the weasel and the mouse and the thorn-tailed lizard according to its kind, 30 and the gecko and the land crocodile and the lizard and the sand lizard and the chameleon. 31 These are the unclean for you among all the swarmers; anyone who touches them at their death shall become unclean until the evening. 32 And anything on which one of them[dx] falls at their death shall become unclean: any object of wood or garment or skin or sackcloth—any object that has performed work—must be placed in water, and it shall be unclean until the evening, and then it shall be clean. 33 And any clay vessel[dy] into which it falls shall become unclean, and you must break it. 34 Any of the food that could be eaten on which water from such a vessel comes shall become unclean, and any liquid that could be drunk in any such vessel shall become unclean. 35 And anything on which one of their dead bodies[dz] falls shall become unclean: an oven or[ea] a stove must be broken[eb]—they are unclean and shall be unclean for you. 36 Surely[ec] a spring or[ed] a cistern collecting water shall be clean, but that which touches their dead body shall become unclean. 37 And when one of their dead bodies[ee] falls on any seed for sowing,[ef] it is clean. 38 But[eg] when water is put on the seed and one of their dead bodies[eh] falls on it, it is unclean for you.

39 “‘And when one of the animals[ei] dies that is for you to eat, the one who touches its dead body shall become unclean until the evening. 40 And the one who eats some of[ej] its dead body must wash his garments, and he shall be unclean until the evening; and the one who carries its dead body must wash his garments, and he shall be unclean until the evening.

41 “‘And any swarmer that swarms on the land is detestable; it must not be eaten. 42 You must not eat[ek] anything that moves upon its belly or[el] that walks on all fours, even any with numerous feet belonging to any swarmer that swarms on the land, because they are detestable. 43 You must not defile yourselves with any swarmer that swarms, and you must not make yourselves unclean by them and so be made unclean by them, 44 because I am Yahweh your God, and you must keep yourselves sanctified, so that[em] you shall be holy, because I am holy. And you must not make yourselves unclean with any swarmer that moves along on the land, 45 because I am Yahweh, who brought you up from the land of Egypt to be for you as God. Thus[en] you shall be holy, because I am holy.

46 “‘This is the regulation of the animals[eo] and the birds and all living creatures that move along in the water and concerning[ep] all the creatures that swarm on the land, 47 to distinguish between the unclean and the clean and between the animal that is to be eaten and the animal that must not be eaten.’”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 9:1 Or “And it happened”
  2. Leviticus 9:2 Literally “a bull-calf a son of cattle” or “a bull-calf a son of the herd”
  3. Leviticus 9:2 An adjective in masculine plural to modify both animals; see NET
  4. Leviticus 9:2 Literally “to the faces of”
  5. Leviticus 9:3 Or “And”
  6. Leviticus 9:3 Singular
  7. Leviticus 9:3 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  8. Leviticus 9:3 Literally “a he-goat of goats”
  9. Leviticus 9:3 Literally “sons of a year”
  10. Leviticus 9:3 An adjective in masculine plural to modify both animals; see NET
  11. Leviticus 9:4 Literally “to the faces of”
  12. Leviticus 9:4 Plural
  13. Leviticus 9:5 Or “And”
  14. Leviticus 9:5 Literally “to the faces of”
  15. Leviticus 9:5 Literally “to the faces of”
  16. Leviticus 9:6 Or “And”
  17. Leviticus 9:6 Plural
  18. Leviticus 9:6 Or “and”
  19. Leviticus 9:6 Plural
  20. Leviticus 9:7 Or “And”
  21. Leviticus 9:7 Or “Draw near unto”
  22. Leviticus 9:7 Literally “do” or “make”
  23. Leviticus 9:7 Literally “do” or “make”
  24. Leviticus 9:8 Or “And”
  25. Leviticus 9:8 Or “drew near unto”
  26. Leviticus 9:9 Or “And”
  27. Leviticus 9:10 Literally “from the liver from the sin offering”
  28. Leviticus 9:11 Or “and”
  29. Leviticus 9:11 Literally “in the fire”
  30. Leviticus 9:11 Literally “from an outside place to/of the camp”
  31. Leviticus 9:12 Or “And”
  32. Leviticus 9:13 Or “and”
  33. Leviticus 9:14 Or “entrails”
  34. Leviticus 9:14 Or “and”
  35. Leviticus 9:15 Or “And”
  36. Leviticus 9:15 Or “he offered”
  37. Leviticus 9:16 Or “And”
  38. Leviticus 9:16 Literally “did” or “made”
  39. Leviticus 9:17 Or “And”
  40. Leviticus 9:17 Literally “from”
  41. Leviticus 9:18 Or “And”
  42. Leviticus 9:21 Or “And”
  43. Leviticus 9:21 Literally “to the faces of”
  44. Leviticus 9:22 Or “And”
  45. Leviticus 9:22 Or “to”
  46. Leviticus 9:22 Literally “from”
  47. Leviticus 9:22 Literally “doing” or “making”
  48. Leviticus 9:23 Or “And”
  49. Leviticus 9:23 Or “And”
  50. Leviticus 9:23 Or “and they blessed”
  51. Leviticus 9:24 Or “And”
  52. Leviticus 9:24 Literally “from to the faces of”
  53. Leviticus 9:24 Or “and”
  54. Leviticus 10:1 That is, the fire
  55. Leviticus 10:1 Or “and”
  56. Leviticus 10:1 Literally “to the faces of”
  57. Leviticus 10:2 Or “And”
  58. Leviticus 10:2 Literally “from to the faces of”
  59. Leviticus 10:2 Or “and”
  60. Leviticus 10:2 Literally “to the faces of”
  61. Leviticus 10:3 Or “And”
  62. Leviticus 10:3 Literally “upon the faces of”
  63. Leviticus 10:3 Or “I will be glorified”
  64. Leviticus 10:3 Or “And”
  65. Leviticus 10:4 Or “And”
  66. Leviticus 10:4 Or “Come near” or “Approach”
  67. Leviticus 10:4 Literally “the faces of”
  68. Leviticus 10:4 Literally “from an outside place of the camp”
  69. Leviticus 10:5 Or “And”
  70. Leviticus 10:5 Or “came near” or “approached”
  71. Leviticus 10:5 Literally “to from an outside place of the camp”
  72. Leviticus 10:6 Or “And”
  73. Leviticus 10:6 Or “and”
  74. Leviticus 10:6 That is, God
  75. Leviticus 10:6 Or “And”
  76. Leviticus 10:6 Literally “the burning that Yahweh burned”
  77. Leviticus 10:7 Or “and”
  78. Leviticus 10:7 Or “of”
  79. Leviticus 10:7 Or “And”
  80. Leviticus 10:8 Or “And”
  81. Leviticus 10:9 Or “and”
  82. Leviticus 10:9 Or “and”
  83. Leviticus 10:9 Plural
  84. Leviticus 10:10 Or “the common”
  85. Leviticus 10:10 Or “and”
  86. Leviticus 10:11 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  87. Leviticus 10:11 Literally “by the hand of”
  88. Leviticus 10:12 Or “And”
  89. Leviticus 10:12 Implied by plural form of noun and the immediate context
  90. Leviticus 10:12 Literally “a holiness of holinesses”
  91. Leviticus 10:14 Plural
  92. Leviticus 10:14 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  93. Leviticus 10:15 Literally “to the faces of”
  94. Leviticus 10:16 Or “And”
  95. Leviticus 10:16 Or “And”
  96. Leviticus 10:17 Literally “a holiness of holinesses”
  97. Leviticus 10:17 Literally “to the faces of”
  98. Leviticus 10:18 Or “to the sanctuary inside” or “to the sanctuary within”
  99. Leviticus 10:19 Or “And”
  100. Leviticus 10:19 Literally “to the faces of”
  101. Leviticus 10:20 Or “And”
  102. Leviticus 10:20 Or “and it”
  103. Leviticus 11:1 Or “And”
  104. Leviticus 11:2 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  105. Leviticus 11:3 Hebrew “of”
  106. Leviticus 11:3 Hebrew “her/it”
  107. Leviticus 11:4 Or “Only”
  108. Leviticus 11:4 By context; Hebrew “this”
  109. Leviticus 11:4 Hebrew “the”
  110. Leviticus 11:7 Hebrew “of”
  111. Leviticus 11:9 By context; Hebrew “This”
  112. Leviticus 11:9 Or “and”
  113. Leviticus 11:9 Hebrew “them”
  114. Leviticus 11:10 Or “and”
  115. Leviticus 11:10 Literally “from”
  116. Leviticus 11:16 Literally “the daughter of the ostrich”
  117. Leviticus 11:20 Literally “swarmer of the wing”
  118. Leviticus 11:21 Literally “the swarmer of the wing”
  119. Leviticus 11:22 Literally “These from them”
  120. Leviticus 11:23 Or “And”
  121. Leviticus 11:23 Implied by context
  122. Leviticus 11:23 Literally “swarmer of wing”
  123. Leviticus 11:26 Or “and”
  124. Leviticus 11:26 So HALOT 830 s.v. 4
  125. Leviticus 11:27 Collective singular = plural by context
  126. Leviticus 11:29 By context; Hebrew “this”
  127. Leviticus 11:29 Collective singular = plural
  128. Leviticus 11:32 Literally “from them”
  129. Leviticus 11:33 Context indicates a vessel as distinguished from a tool or utensil
  130. Leviticus 11:35 Literally “from their dead body”
  131. Leviticus 11:35 Or “and”
  132. Leviticus 11:35 Or “smashed” (NASB, HCSB, NET, NJPS) or “broken in pieces” (ASV, ESV, NRSV)
  133. Leviticus 11:36 So HALOT 45
  134. Leviticus 11:36 Or “and”
  135. Leviticus 11:37 Literally “from their dead body”
  136. Leviticus 11:37 Literally “seed plant that is to be sown”
  137. Leviticus 11:38 Or “And”
  138. Leviticus 11:38 Literally “from their dead body”
  139. Leviticus 11:39 Literally “from the animal”
  140. Leviticus 11:40 Literally “from”
  141. Leviticus 11:42 Hebrew “eat them”
  142. Leviticus 11:42 Or “and”
  143. Leviticus 11:44 Or “and”
  144. Leviticus 11:45 Or “And”
  145. Leviticus 11:46 Collective singulars in this verse are plural by context
  146. Leviticus 11:46 Literally “of”
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