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Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread

“The Lord’s Passover begins at sundown on the fourteenth day of the first month.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 23:5 This day in the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurred in late March, April, or early May.

The Lord’s Passover(A) begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.(B)

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10 While the Israelites were camped at Gilgal on the plains of Jericho, they celebrated Passover on the evening of the fourteenth day of the first month.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 5:10 This day in the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurred in late March, April, or early May.

10 On the evening of the fourteenth day of the month,(A) while camped at Gilgal on the plains of Jericho, the Israelites celebrated the Passover.(B)

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Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread

16 “In honor of the Lord your God, celebrate the Passover each year in the early spring, in the month of Abib,[a] for that was the month in which the Lord your God brought you out of Egypt by night. Your Passover sacrifice may be from either the flock or the herd, and it must be sacrificed to the Lord your God at the designated place of worship—the place he chooses for his name to be honored. Eat it with bread made without yeast. For seven days the bread you eat must be made without yeast, as when you escaped from Egypt in such a hurry. Eat this bread—the bread of suffering—so that as long as you live you will remember the day you departed from Egypt. Let no yeast be found in any house throughout your land for those seven days. And when you sacrifice the Passover lamb on the evening of the first day, do not let any of the meat remain until the next morning.

“You may not sacrifice the Passover in just any of the towns that the Lord your God is giving you. You must offer it only at the designated place of worship—the place the Lord your God chooses for his name to be honored. Sacrifice it there in the evening as the sun goes down on the anniversary of your exodus from Egypt. Roast the lamb and eat it in the place the Lord your God chooses. Then you may go back to your tents the next morning. For the next six days you may not eat any bread made with yeast. On the seventh day proclaim another holy day in honor of the Lord your God, and no work may be done on that day.

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Footnotes

  1. 16:1 Hebrew Observe the month of Abib, and keep the Passover unto the Lord your God. Abib, the first month of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar, usually occurs within the months of March and April.

The Passover(A)

16 Observe the month of Aviv(B) and celebrate the Passover(C) of the Lord your God, because in the month of Aviv he brought you out of Egypt by night. Sacrifice as the Passover to the Lord your God an animal from your flock or herd at the place the Lord will choose as a dwelling for his Name.(D) Do not eat it with bread made with yeast, but for seven days eat unleavened bread, the bread of affliction,(E) because you left Egypt in haste(F)—so that all the days of your life you may remember the time of your departure from Egypt.(G) Let no yeast be found in your possession in all your land for seven days. Do not let any of the meat you sacrifice on the evening(H) of the first day remain until morning.(I)

You must not sacrifice the Passover in any town the Lord your God gives you except in the place he will choose as a dwelling for his Name. There you must sacrifice the Passover in the evening, when the sun goes down, on the anniversary[a](J) of your departure from Egypt. Roast(K) it and eat it at the place the Lord your God will choose. Then in the morning return to your tents. For six days eat unleavened bread and on the seventh day hold an assembly(L) to the Lord your God and do no work.(M)

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 16:6 Or down, at the time of day

Offerings for the Passover

16 “On the fourteenth day of the first month,[a] you must celebrate the Lord’s Passover. 17 On the following day—the fifteenth day of the month—a joyous, seven-day festival will begin, but no bread made with yeast may be eaten.

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Footnotes

  1. 28:16 This day in the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurred in late March, April, or early May.

The Passover(A)

16 “‘On the fourteenth day of the first month the Lord’s Passover(B) is to be held. 17 On the fifteenth day of this month there is to be a festival; for seven days(C) eat bread made without yeast.(D)

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Get rid of the old “yeast” by removing this wicked person from among you. Then you will be like a fresh batch of dough made without yeast, which is what you really are. Christ, our Passover Lamb, has been sacrificed for us.[a] So let us celebrate the festival, not with the old bread[b] of wickedness and evil, but with the new bread[c] of sincerity and truth.

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Footnotes

  1. 5:7 Greek has been sacrificed.
  2. 5:8a Greek not with old leaven.
  3. 5:8b Greek but with unleavened [bread].

Get rid of the old yeast, so that you may be a new unleavened batch—as you really are. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.(A) Therefore let us keep the Festival, not with the old bread leavened with malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread(B) of sincerity and truth.

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The Last Supper

17 On the first day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Where do you want us to prepare the Passover meal for you?”

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The Last Supper(A)(B)(C)

17 On the first day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread,(D) the disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Where do you want us to make preparations for you to eat the Passover?”(E)

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18 Never since the time of the prophet Samuel had there been such a Passover. None of the kings of Israel had ever kept a Passover as Josiah did, involving all the priests and Levites, all the people of Jerusalem, and people from all over Judah and Israel. 19 This Passover was celebrated in the eighteenth year of Josiah’s reign.

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18 The Passover had not been observed like this in Israel since the days of the prophet Samuel; and none of the kings of Israel had ever celebrated such a Passover as did Josiah, with the priests, the Levites and all Judah and Israel who were there with the people of Jerusalem. 19 This Passover was celebrated in the eighteenth year of Josiah’s reign.

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15 First, celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread. For seven days the bread you eat must be made without yeast, just as I commanded you. Celebrate this festival annually at the appointed time in early spring, in the month of Abib,[a] for that is the anniversary of your departure from Egypt. No one may appear before me without an offering.

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Footnotes

  1. 23:15 Hebrew appointed time in the month of Abib. This first month of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar usually occurs within the months of March and April.

15 “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread;(A) for seven days eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you. Do this at the appointed time in the month of Aviv,(B) for in that month you came out of Egypt.

“No one is to appear before me empty-handed.(C)

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The Last Supper

Now the Festival of Unleavened Bread arrived, when the Passover lamb is sacrificed.

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The Last Supper

12 On the first day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread, when the Passover lamb is sacrificed, Jesus’ disciples asked him, “Where do you want us to go to prepare the Passover meal for you?”

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The Last Supper(A)(B)

12 On the first day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread, when it was customary to sacrifice the Passover lamb,(C) Jesus’ disciples asked him, “Where do you want us to go and make preparations for you to eat the Passover?”

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“Tell the Israelites to celebrate the Passover at the prescribed time, at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.[a] Be sure to follow all my decrees and regulations concerning this celebration.”

So Moses told the people to celebrate the Passover in the wilderness of Sinai as twilight fell on the fourteenth day of the month. And they celebrated the festival there, just as the Lord had commanded Moses. But some of the men had been ceremonially defiled by touching a dead body, so they could not celebrate the Passover that day. They came to Moses and Aaron that day and said, “We have become ceremonially unclean by touching a dead body. But why should we be prevented from presenting the Lord’s offering at the proper time with the rest of the Israelites?”

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Footnotes

  1. 9:3 This day in the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurred in late March, April, or early May.

“Have the Israelites celebrate the Passover(A) at the appointed time.(B) Celebrate it at the appointed time, at twilight on the fourteenth day of this month,(C) in accordance with all its rules and regulations.(D)

So Moses told the Israelites to celebrate the Passover,(E) and they did so in the Desert of Sinai(F) at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.(G) The Israelites did everything just as the Lord commanded Moses.(H)

But some of them could not celebrate the Passover on that day because they were ceremonially unclean(I) on account of a dead body.(J) So they came to Moses and Aaron(K) that same day and said to Moses, “We have become unclean because of a dead body, but why should we be kept from presenting the Lord’s offering with the other Israelites at the appointed time?(L)

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So Moses said to the people, “This is a day to remember forever—the day you left Egypt, the place of your slavery. Today the Lord has brought you out by the power of his mighty hand. (Remember, eat no food containing yeast.) On this day in early spring, in the month of Abib,[a] you have been set free. You must celebrate this event in this month each year after the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Hivites, and Jebusites. (He swore to your ancestors that he would give you this land—a land flowing with milk and honey.) For seven days the bread you eat must be made without yeast. Then on the seventh day, celebrate a feast to the Lord. Eat bread without yeast during those seven days. In fact, there must be no yeast bread or any yeast at all found within the borders of your land during this time.

“On the seventh day you must explain to your children, ‘I am celebrating what the Lord did for me when I left Egypt.’ This annual festival will be a visible sign to you, like a mark branded on your hand or your forehead. Let it remind you always to recite this teaching of the Lord: ‘With a strong hand, the Lord rescued you from Egypt.’[b] 10 So observe the decree of this festival at the appointed time each year.

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Footnotes

  1. 13:4 Hebrew On this day in the month of Abib. This first month of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar usually occurs within the months of March and April.
  2. 13:9 Or Let it remind you always to keep the instructions of the Lord on the tip of your tongue, because with a strong hand, the Lord rescued you from Egypt.

Then Moses said to the people, “Commemorate this day, the day you came out of Egypt,(A) out of the land of slavery, because the Lord brought you out of it with a mighty hand.(B) Eat nothing containing yeast.(C) Today, in the month of Aviv,(D) you are leaving. When the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanites,(E) Hittites, Amorites, Hivites and Jebusites(F)—the land he swore to your ancestors to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey(G)—you are to observe this ceremony(H) in this month: For seven days eat bread made without yeast and on the seventh day hold a festival(I) to the Lord. Eat unleavened bread during those seven days; nothing with yeast in it is to be seen among you, nor shall any yeast be seen anywhere within your borders. On that day tell your son,(J) ‘I do this because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.’ This observance will be for you like a sign on your hand(K) and a reminder on your forehead(L) that this law of the Lord is to be on your lips. For the Lord brought you out of Egypt with his mighty hand.(M) 10 You must keep this ordinance(N) at the appointed time(O) year after year.

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18 The bread you eat must be made without yeast from the evening of the fourteenth day of the first month until the evening of the twenty-first day of that month. 19 During those seven days, there must be no trace of yeast in your homes. Anyone who eats anything made with yeast during this week will be cut off from the community of Israel. These regulations apply both to the foreigners living among you and to the native-born Israelites.

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18 In the first month(A) you are to eat bread made without yeast, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19 For seven days no yeast is to be found in your houses. And anyone, whether foreigner(B) or native-born, who eats anything with yeast in it must be cut off(C) from the community of Israel.

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