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16 the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk of any kind;

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16 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk,

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He called out with a mighty voice,

“Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great!
    It has become a dwelling place of demons,
a haunt of every foul spirit,
    a haunt of every foul bird,
    a haunt of every foul and hateful beast.[a](A)

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Footnotes

  1. 18.2 Other ancient authorities read a haunt of every foul and hateful bird

With a mighty voice he shouted:

“‘Fallen! Fallen is Babylon the Great!’[a](A)
    She has become a dwelling for demons
and a haunt for every impure spirit,(B)
    a haunt for every unclean bird,
    a haunt for every unclean and detestable animal.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 18:2 Isaiah 21:9

for you are all children of light and children of the day; we are not of the night or of darkness. So, then, let us not fall asleep as others do, but let us keep awake and be sober,(A) for those who sleep sleep at night, and those who are drunk get drunk at night.(B)

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You are all children of the light(A) and children of the day. We do not belong to the night or to the darkness. So then, let us not be like others, who are asleep,(B) but let us be awake(C) and sober.(D) For those who sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk, get drunk at night.(E)

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18 For many live as enemies of the cross of Christ; I have often told you of them, and now I tell you even with tears.(A) 19 Their end is destruction, their god is the belly, and their glory is in their shame; their minds are set on earthly things.(B)

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18 For, as I have often told you before and now tell you again even with tears,(A) many live as enemies of the cross of Christ.(B) 19 Their destiny(C) is destruction, their god is their stomach,(D) and their glory is in their shame.(E) Their mind is set on earthly things.(F)

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Therefore do not be associated with them, for once you were darkness, but now in the Lord you are light. Walk as children of light,(A) for the fruit of the light[a] is found in all that is good and right and true. 10 Try to find out what is pleasing to the Lord. 11 Take no part in the unfruitful works of darkness; rather, expose them.(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 5.9 Other ancient authorities read of the Spirit

Therefore do not be partners with them.

For you were once(A) darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Live as children of light(B) (for the fruit(C) of the light consists in all goodness,(D) righteousness and truth) 10 and find out what pleases the Lord.(E) 11 Have nothing to do with the fruitless deeds of darkness,(F) but rather expose them.

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18 they are darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God because of their ignorance and hardness of heart.(A) 19 They have lost all sensitivity and have abandoned themselves to licentiousness, greedy to practice every kind of impurity.

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18 They are darkened in their understanding(A) and separated from the life of God(B) because of the ignorance that is in them due to the hardening of their hearts.(C) 19 Having lost all sensitivity,(D) they have given themselves over(E) to sensuality(F) so as to indulge in every kind of impurity, and they are full of greed.

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in which you once walked, following the course of this world,[a] following the ruler of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work among those who are disobedient.[b](A) All of us once lived among them in the passions of our flesh, doing the will of flesh and senses, and we were by nature children of wrath, like everyone else,(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 2.2 Gk according to the aeon
  2. 2.2 Gk sons of disobedience

in which you used to live(A) when you followed the ways of this world(B) and of the ruler of the kingdom of the air,(C) the spirit who is now at work in those who are disobedient.(D) All of us also lived among them at one time,(E) gratifying the cravings of our flesh[a](F) and following its desires and thoughts. Like the rest, we were by nature deserving of wrath.

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Footnotes

  1. Ephesians 2:3 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.

19 And this is the judgment, that the light has come into the world, and people loved darkness rather than light because their deeds were evil.(A) 20 For all who do evil hate the light and do not come to the light, so that their deeds may not be exposed.(B) 21 But those who do what is true come to the light, so that it may be clearly seen that their deeds have been done in God.”[a](C)

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Footnotes

  1. 3.21 Some interpreters hold that the quotation concludes with 3.15

19 This is the verdict: Light(A) has come into the world, but people loved darkness instead of light because their deeds were evil.(B) 20 Everyone who does evil hates the light, and will not come into the light for fear that their deeds will be exposed.(C) 21 But whoever lives by the truth comes into the light, so that it may be seen plainly that what they have done has been done in the sight of God.

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11 But the desert owl[a] and the screech owl[b] shall possess it;
    the great owl and the raven shall live in it.
He shall stretch the line of confusion
    and the plummet of chaos over it.(A)
12 They shall call its nobles No Kingdom There,
    and all its princes shall be nothing.
13 Thorns shall grow over its strongholds,
    nettles and thistles in its fortresses.
It shall be the haunt of jackals,
    an abode for ostriches.(B)
14 Wildcats shall meet with hyenas;
    goat-demons shall call to each other;
there also Lilith shall repose
    and find a place to rest.(C)
15 There shall the owl nest
    and lay and hatch and brood in its shadow;
there also the buzzards shall gather,
    each one with its mate.(D)

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Footnotes

  1. 34.11 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  2. 34.11 Meaning of Heb uncertain

11 The desert owl[a](A) and screech owl[b] will possess it;
    the great owl[c] and the raven(B) will nest there.
God will stretch out over Edom(C)
    the measuring line of chaos(D)
    and the plumb line(E) of desolation.
12 Her nobles will have nothing there to be called a kingdom,
    all her princes(F) will vanish(G) away.
13 Thorns(H) will overrun her citadels,
    nettles and brambles her strongholds.(I)
She will become a haunt for jackals,(J)
    a home for owls.(K)
14 Desert creatures(L) will meet with hyenas,(M)
    and wild goats will bleat to each other;
there the night creatures(N) will also lie down
    and find for themselves places of rest.
15 The owl will nest there and lay eggs,
    she will hatch them, and care for her young
    under the shadow of her wings;(O)
there also the falcons(P) will gather,
    each with its mate.

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 34:11 The precise identification of these birds is uncertain.
  2. Isaiah 34:11 The precise identification of these birds is uncertain.
  3. Isaiah 34:11 The precise identification of these birds is uncertain.

21 But wild animals will lie down there,
    and its houses will be full of howling creatures;
there ostriches will live,
    and there goat-demons will dance.(A)
22 Hyenas will cry in its towers
    and jackals in the pleasant palaces;
its time is close at hand;
    and its days will not be prolonged.(B)

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21 But desert creatures(A) will lie there,
    jackals(B) will fill her houses;
there the owls(C) will dwell,
    and there the wild goats(D) will leap about.
22 Hyenas(E) will inhabit her strongholds,(F)
    jackals(G) her luxurious palaces.
Her time is at hand,(H)
    and her days will not be prolonged.(I)

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I am like a desert owl[a] of the wilderness,
    like a little owl of the waste places.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 102.6 Meaning of Heb uncertain

I am like a desert owl,(A)
    like an owl among the ruins.

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15 the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk of any kind; 16 the little owl and the great owl, the water hen 17 and the desert owl,[a] the carrion vulture and the cormorant, 18 the stork, the heron of any kind, the hoopoe, and the bat.[b]

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Footnotes

  1. 14.17 Or pelican
  2. 14.18 Identification of several of the birds in 14.12–18 is uncertain

15 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 16 the little owl, the great owl, the white owl, 17 the desert owl,(A) the osprey, the cormorant, 18 the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.

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