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The Humiliation of the Daughter of Zion[a]

How lonely the city sits, which once was full of people!
She, who was great among the nations, is now a widow.
    She, who was a princess among the provinces, now works as a slave.
At night she weeps bitterly, and her tears linger on her cheek.
    Not one of her lovers is there to comfort her.
    All her friends have betrayed her. They are now her enemies.
Judah has gone into exile. She endures affliction and harsh labor.
    She lives among the nations. She finds no rest.
    All her pursuers caught up with her when she was in great distress.
The roads to Zion are mourning,
    because there are no travelers going to the appointed assemblies.
    All her gates are deserted. Her priests groan.
    Her virgins grieve. Her grief is bitter.
Her foes have risen to the top. Her enemies prosper.
    Because of her many acts of rebellion, the Lord has brought grief to her.
    Her children have gone into captivity in the presence of the foe.
The daughter of Zion[b] has lost all her splendor.
    Her officials have become like deer that find no pasture.
    Powerless, they fled before[c] the pursuer.
Jerusalem remembers the days of her affliction and her homeless wandering.
    She remembers all her precious things which were hers from long ago.
    When her people fell under the hand of the foe, there was no one to help her.
    Foes saw her and laughed at the end she has come to.
Jerusalem has sinned terribly, so she is unclean.[d]
    All who once honored her now despise her, because they have seen her nakedness.
    She can only sigh and turn away.
Her flow of blood stains her skirt. She did not consider the outcome of her sin.
    Her collapse was astonishing. There was no one to comfort her.
    Look, Lord, at my affliction, for the enemy has done awful things.

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Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 1:1 This chapter is an alphabetic acrostic. The 22 successive verses begin with the 22 successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
  2. Lamentations 1:6 The phrase daughter of Zion is a personification of Jerusalem and her people. Daughter of Jerusalem and daughter of Judah are the same figure of speech.
  3. Lamentations 1:6 Or they were too weak to escape from
  4. Lamentations 1:8 The Hebrew term refers to ceremonial impurity caused by blood. Compare verse 9.

The Desolate City

How desolate the city sits
    that was full of people!
She has become like a widow,
    once great among the nations!
Like a woman of nobility in the provinces,
    she has become a forced laborer.
She weeps bitterly in the night,
    her tears are on her cheeks;
she has no comforter
    among all her lovers.
All her friends have been unfaithful to her;
    they have become her enemies.
Judah has gone into exile with misery
    and under hard servitude;
she lives among the nations,
    she has not found a resting place;
all her pursuers have overtaken her
    amidst her distress.
The roads of Zion are mourning
    because no one comes to the festival.
All her gates are desolate,
    her priests groan;
her young women are worried,
    and she herself suffers bitterly.
Her foes have become her master,[a]
    her enemies are at ease;
Yahweh has made her suffer
    because of the greatness of her transgressions.
Her children have gone away,
    captive before the foe.
All her majesty has gone away
    from the daughter of Zion;
her princes have become like young stags
    that have not found pasture;
they have gone away without strength,
    before the pursuer.
Jerusalem remembers
    the days of her misery and wanderings,
all her treasures
    that were from the days of long ago.
When her people fell into the hand of the enemy,
    there was no one helping her;
the enemies saw her, they mocked
    at her destruction.
Jerusalem sinned grievously,
    thus she became an objection of derision;
all those who honored her despise her
    because they have seen her nakedness.
She herself groans
    and turns away.
Her uncleanness was in her skirts;
    she did not remember her future,
she has descended beyond understanding,
    there is no comforter for her.
See, O Yahweh, my persecution!
    My enemy has been made great!

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Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 1:5 Literally “head”