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El ángel del Señor anuncia desgracias a Israel

El ángel del Señor subió de Guilgal a Betel y dijo:

— Yo los saqué de Egipto, los traje a la tierra que había prometido con juramento a sus antepasados y les dije: “No romperé jamás mi alianza con ustedes; por su parte, no harán alianza con los habitantes de este país y destruirán sus altares”. Pero ustedes no han escuchado mi voz. ¿Por qué han obrado así? Por eso no los expulsaré ante ustedes; ellos serán sus opresores, y los dioses de ellos una trampa para ustedes.

Apenas el ángel del Señor dijo estas palabras a todos los israelitas, el pueblo se puso a llorar a gritos. Así que llamaron a aquel lugar Bokín. Y ofrecieron allí sacrificios al Señor.

II.— HISTORIAS DE LOS “JUECES” (2,6—16,31)

Interpretación religiosa programática

Josué despidió al pueblo, y los israelitas se volvieron cada uno a su heredad para tomar posesión de ella. El pueblo sirvió al Señor mientras vivieron Josué y los ancianos que le sobrevivieron y que habían sido testigos de todas las grandes hazañas que el Señor había hecho en favor de Israel. Pero Josué, hijo de Nun, siervo del Señor, murió a la edad de ciento diez años. Lo enterraron en el término de su heredad, en Timná Séraj, en la montaña de Efraín, al norte del monte Gaas. 10 También aquella generación fue a reunirse con sus antepasados y surgió otra generación que no conocía al Señor ni lo que había hecho por Israel.

11 Entonces los israelitas hicieron lo que desagrada al Señor: dieron culto a los Baales; 12 abandonaron al Señor, el Dios de sus antepasados, que los había sacado de Egipto, y siguieron a otros dioses de los pueblos de alrededor; se postraron ante ellos e irritaron al Señor. 13 Dejaron al Señor y dieron culto a Baal y a las Astartés. 14 Entonces se encolerizó el Señor contra Israel y los entregó en manos de salteadores que los saqueaban; los dejó a merced de los enemigos de alrededor y no pudieron ya resistir ante ellos. 15 En todas sus campañas el Señor se les ponía en contra haciendo que fracasaran tal como el Señor se lo tenía dicho y jurado. Los puso así en gran aprieto.

16 Pero entonces el Señor hacía surgir jueces que los ponían a salvo de quienes los saqueaban. 17 Sin embargo, tampoco hicieron caso de esos jueces. Dieron culto a otros dioses y se postraron ante ellos. Se desviaban en seguida del camino seguido por sus padres que habían sido dóciles a los mandamientos del Señor y no los imitaban.

18 Cuando el Señor les suscitaba jueces, el Señor asistía al juez y, mientras este vivía, estaban a salvo de sus enemigos, porque el Señor se compadecía de los gemidos que proferían ante los que los maltrataban y oprimían. 19 Pero en cuanto moría el juez, volvían a corromperse más todavía que sus padres e iban detrás de otros dioses, dándoles culto, postrándose ante ellos y siguiendo en todo las prácticas y la conducta obstinada de sus padres. 20 Así que el Señor se encolerizó con el pueblo israelita y dijo:

— Ya que este pueblo ha quebrantado la alianza que sellé con sus antepasados y no ha escuchado mi voz, 21 tampoco yo seguiré expulsando ante ellos a ninguno de los pueblos que Josué al morir dejó sin conquistar.

22 El Señor quería poner a prueba con esos pueblos a los israelitas, a ver si seguían o no los caminos del Señor, como los habían seguido sus antepasados. 23 Por eso el Señor no se metió con aquellos pueblos, y no los expulsó en seguida, ni los entregó en manos de Josué.

耶和华责备以色列人

耶和华的天使从吉甲来到波金,对以色列人说:“我带你们离开埃及,领你们去我起誓要赐给你们祖先的土地。我说,‘我永不废弃跟你们立的约, 你们不可跟这里的居民立约,要毁掉他们的祭坛。’可是你们为什么不听呢? 因此,我告诉你们,我必不赶走这里的居民,他们必成为你们肋旁的刺,他们的神明必成为你们的网罗。” 以色列人听了耶和华的天使说的话,就放声大哭, 他们称那地方为波金[a],在那里向耶和华献祭。

约书亚去世

约书亚遣散以色列人后,他们便各自去攻占所分得的土地。 约书亚在世的时候,以色列人都事奉耶和华。他死后,那些目睹耶和华为以色列人行大事的长老还在世的时候,以色列人仍然事奉耶和华。 耶和华的仆人、嫩的儿子约书亚去世时享年一百一十岁。 以色列人把他葬在他自己的土地上,在迦实山以北、以法莲山区的亭拿·希烈。 10 那一代人都去世后,新一代不认识耶和华,也不知道耶和华为以色列人所行的事。

11 以色列人做耶和华视为恶的事,祭拜巴力。 12 他们背弃了领他们祖先离开埃及的上帝耶和华,追随、祭拜邻邦的各种神明,因而惹耶和华发怒。 13 他们背弃耶和华,去祭拜巴力和亚斯她录。 14 耶和华向他们发怒,使他们遭到掠夺者的攻击和四周仇敌的压制,毫无抵抗之力。 15 他们每次出战,耶和华都与他们为敌,使他们战败,正如祂的誓言。他们苦不堪言。

16 后来,耶和华使士师[b]兴起,从掠夺者手中拯救他们。 17 但他们不听从士师的话,与其他神明苟合,祭拜它们,很快偏离他们祖先的道路,没有像他们的祖先那样遵行耶和华的命令。 18 耶和华见他们因敌人的压迫和苦待而哀号,就怜悯他们,使士师陆续兴起,并与每位士师同在。士师在世之日,耶和华从仇敌手中拯救他们。 19 士师去世以后,他们又故态复萌,追随、祭拜其他神明,比他们的祖先更败坏。他们执迷不悟,怙恶不悛。 20 耶和华向他们发怒,说:“这百姓违背了我跟他们祖先所立的约,不听从我的话。 21 因此,我不再逐出约书亚去世时还没有赶走的外族人, 22 我要借此试验以色列人,看他们是否像他们祖先一样谨遵我的道。” 23 这就是为什么耶和华留下那些外族人,没有立刻把他们赶走,也没有把他们交在约书亚手中。

Footnotes

  1. 2:5 波金”意思是“哭泣”。
  2. 2:16 士师”意思是“首领”。

Israel’s Disobedience

Now the angel of the Lord went up from Gilgal to Bochim and said, “I brought you up from Egypt and brought you into the land that I had promised to your ancestors. I said, ‘I will never break my covenant with you.(A) For your part, do not make a covenant with the inhabitants of this land; tear down their altars.’ But you have not obeyed my command. See what you have done!(B) So now I say, I will not drive them out before you, but they shall become adversaries[a] to you, and their gods shall be a snare to you.”(C) When the angel of the Lord spoke these words to all the Israelites, the people lifted up their voices and wept. So they named that place Bochim,[b] and there they sacrificed to the Lord.

Death of Joshua

When Joshua dismissed the people, the Israelites all went to their own inheritances to take possession of the land.(D) The people served the Lord all the days of Joshua and all the days of the elders who outlived Joshua, who had seen all the great work that the Lord had done for Israel. Joshua son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died at the age of one hundred ten years. So they buried him within the bounds of his inheritance in Timnath-heres, in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 10 Moreover, that whole generation was gathered to their ancestors, and another generation grew up after them who did not know the Lord or the work that he had done for Israel.(E)

Israel’s Unfaithfulness

11 Then the Israelites did what was evil in the sight of the Lord and served the Baals,(F) 12 and they abandoned the Lord, the God of their ancestors, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt; they followed other gods, from among the gods of the peoples who were all around them and bowed down to them, and they provoked the Lord to anger.(G) 13 They abandoned the Lord and served Baal and the Astartes.(H) 14 So the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he gave them over to plunderers who plundered them, and he sold them into the power of their enemies all around, so that they could no longer withstand their enemies.(I) 15 Whenever they marched out, the hand of the Lord was against them to bring misfortune, as the Lord had warned them and sworn to them, and they were in great distress.

16 Then the Lord raised up judges who delivered them out of the power of those who plundered them.(J) 17 Yet they did not listen even to their judges, for they lusted after other gods and bowed down to them. They soon turned aside from the way in which their ancestors had walked, who had obeyed the commandments of the Lord; they did not follow their example.(K) 18 Whenever the Lord raised up judges for them, the Lord was with the judge, and he delivered them from the hand of their enemies all the days of the judge, for the Lord would be moved to pity by their groaning because of those who persecuted and oppressed them. 19 But whenever the judge died, they would relapse and behave worse than their ancestors, following other gods, serving them and bowing down to them. They would not drop any of their practices or their stubborn ways.(L) 20 So the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he said, “Because this nation has transgressed my covenant that I commanded their ancestors and have not obeyed my voice,(M) 21 I will no longer drive out before them any of the nations that Joshua left when he died.”(N) 22 In order to test Israel, whether or not they would take care to walk in the way of the Lord as their ancestors did,(O) 23 the Lord had left those nations, not driving them out at once, and had not handed them over to Joshua.

Footnotes

  1. 2.3 Gk OL Vg: Heb sides
  2. 2.5 That is, weepers

And an angel of the Lord came up from Gilgal to Bochim, and said, I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I sware unto your fathers; and I said, I will never break my covenant with you.

And ye shall make no league with the inhabitants of this land; ye shall throw down their altars: but ye have not obeyed my voice: why have ye done this?

Wherefore I also said, I will not drive them out from before you; but they shall be as thorns in your sides, and their gods shall be a snare unto you.

And it came to pass, when the angel of the Lord spake these words unto all the children of Israel, that the people lifted up their voice, and wept.

And they called the name of that place Bochim: and they sacrificed there unto the Lord.

And when Joshua had let the people go, the children of Israel went every man unto his inheritance to possess the land.

And the people served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders that outlived Joshua, who had seen all the great works of the Lord, that he did for Israel.

And Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died, being an hundred and ten years old.

And they buried him in the border of his inheritance in Timnathheres, in the mount of Ephraim, on the north side of the hill Gaash.

10 And also all that generation were gathered unto their fathers: and there arose another generation after them, which knew not the Lord, nor yet the works which he had done for Israel.

11 And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the Lord, and served Baalim:

12 And they forsook the Lord God of their fathers, which brought them out of the land of Egypt, and followed other gods, of the gods of the people that were round about them, and bowed themselves unto them, and provoked the Lord to anger.

13 And they forsook the Lord, and served Baal and Ashtaroth.

14 And the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel, and he delivered them into the hands of spoilers that spoiled them, and he sold them into the hands of their enemies round about, so that they could not any longer stand before their enemies.

15 Whithersoever they went out, the hand of the Lord was against them for evil, as the Lord had said, and as the Lord had sworn unto them: and they were greatly distressed.

16 Nevertheless the Lord raised up judges, which delivered them out of the hand of those that spoiled them.

17 And yet they would not hearken unto their judges, but they went a whoring after other gods, and bowed themselves unto them: they turned quickly out of the way which their fathers walked in, obeying the commandments of the Lord; but they did not so.

18 And when the Lord raised them up judges, then the Lord was with the judge, and delivered them out of the hand of their enemies all the days of the judge: for it repented the Lord because of their groanings by reason of them that oppressed them and vexed them.

19 And it came to pass, when the judge was dead, that they returned, and corrupted themselves more than their fathers, in following other gods to serve them, and to bow down unto them; they ceased not from their own doings, nor from their stubborn way.

20 And the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel; and he said, Because that this people hath transgressed my covenant which I commanded their fathers, and have not hearkened unto my voice;

21 I also will not henceforth drive out any from before them of the nations which Joshua left when he died:

22 That through them I may prove Israel, whether they will keep the way of the Lord to walk therein, as their fathers did keep it, or not.

23 Therefore the Lord left those nations, without driving them out hastily; neither delivered he them into the hand of Joshua.