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Othniel: A Model Leader

The Israelites did evil in the Lord’s sight.[a] They forgot the Lord their God and worshiped the Baals and the Asherahs.[b] The Lord was furious with Israel[c] and turned them over to[d] King Cushan Rishathaim[e] of Armon Haraim.[f] They were Cushan Rishathaim’s subjects[g] for eight years. When the Israelites cried out for help to the Lord, he[h] raised up a deliverer for the Israelites who rescued[i] them. His name was Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother.[j] 10 The Lord’s Spirit empowered him[k] and he led Israel. When he went to do battle, the Lord handed over to him King Cushan Rishathaim of Armon[l] and he overpowered him.[m] 11 The land had rest for forty years; then Othniel son of Kenaz died.

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Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:7 tn Heb “in the eyes of the Lord.”
  2. Judges 3:7 sn The Asherahs were local manifestations of the Canaanite goddess Asherah.
  3. Judges 3:8 tn Or “The Lord’s anger burned (or raged) against Israel.”
  4. Judges 3:8 tn Heb “sold them into the hands of.”
  5. Judges 3:8 tn Or “Cushan the Doubly Wicked.”
  6. Judges 3:8 tc Armon Haraim. Traditionally Aram-Naharaim, and sometimes understood as a place in Mesopotamia. This reading accepts the consonantal text but divides the words after the nun (נ) instead of before. The consonants ארמן הרים could be read with a dual ending as ʾArmon Haraim, meaning “Citadel of the Two Mountains,” or with a plural ending as ʾArmon Harim, meaning “Citadel of the Mountains.” In either case, Cushan Rishathaim is probably a remaining Canaanite king with a fortress in the hill country of Israel. See Beitzel, The Moody Atlas of Bible Lands, 106.
  7. Judges 3:8 tn Or “they served Cushan Rishathaim.”
  8. Judges 3:9 tn Heb “the Lord.”
  9. Judges 3:9 tn Or “delivered.”
  10. Judges 3:9 tn “Caleb’s younger brother” may refer to Othniel or to Kenaz (in which case Othniel is Caleb’s nephew).
  11. Judges 3:10 tn Heb “was on him.”
  12. Judges 3:10 tc Armon. Traditionally Aram. See note at Judges 3:8. This is either Armon, with restored nun (נ), being short for Armon Haraim, or perhaps the entire phrase was original.
  13. Judges 3:10 tn Heb “his hand was strong against Cushan Rishathaim.”

Yahweh Raises Up Othniel

Thus the sons of Israel did (A)what was evil in the eyes of Yahweh and (B)forgot Yahweh their God and (C)served the Baals and the [a]Asheroth. Then the anger of Yahweh burned against Israel, so that He sold them into the hands of Cushan-rishathaim king of [b]Mesopotamia; and the sons of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim eight years. Then the sons of Israel cried to Yahweh, and Yahweh raised up a savior for the sons of Israel to save them, (D)Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. 10 (E)And the Spirit of Yahweh came upon him, and he judged Israel. And he went out to war, and Yahweh gave Cushan-rishathaim king of [c]Mesopotamia into his hand. So his hand was strong against Cushan-rishathaim. 11 Then the land was quiet for forty years. And Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

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Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:7 Wooden symbols of a female deity
  2. Judges 3:8 Heb Aram-naharaim
  3. Judges 3:10 Heb Aram