(A)Now these are the nations that the Lord left, to test Israel by them, that is, all in Israel who had not experienced all the wars in Canaan. It was only in order that the generations of the people of Israel might know war, to teach war to those who had not known it before. These are the nations: (B)the five lords of the Philistines and all the Canaanites and the Sidonians and the Hivites who lived on Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal-hermon as far as Lebo-hamath. They were for (C)the testing of Israel, to know whether Israel would obey the commandments of the Lord, which he commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses. So the people of Israel lived (D)among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. (E)And their daughters they took to themselves for wives, and their own daughters they gave to their sons, and they served their gods.

Othniel

(F)And the people of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the Lord. They forgot the Lord their God and served the Baals and (G)the Asheroth. Therefore the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, (H)and he sold them into the hand of (I)Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia. And the people of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim eight years. But when the people of Israel (J)cried out to the Lord, the Lord raised up a (K)deliverer for the people of Israel, who saved them, (L)Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother. 10 (M)The Spirit of the Lord was upon him, and he judged Israel. He went out to war, and the Lord gave Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand. And his hand prevailed over Cushan-rishathaim. 11 (N)So the land had rest for forty years. Then Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

Ehud

12 (O)And the people of Israel again did what was evil in the sight of the Lord, and the Lord strengthened Eglon (P)the king of Moab against Israel, because they had done what was evil in the sight of the Lord. 13 He gathered to himself the Ammonites and the (Q)Amalekites, and went and defeated Israel. And they took possession of (R)the city of palms. 14 And the people of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab eighteen years.

15 Then the people of Israel (S)cried out to the Lord, and the Lord raised up for them (T)a deliverer, Ehud, the son of Gera, the Benjaminite, (U)a left-handed man. The people of Israel sent tribute by him to Eglon the king of Moab. 16 And Ehud made for himself a sword with two edges, a cubit[a] in length, and he bound it on his right thigh under his clothes. 17 And he presented the tribute to Eglon king of Moab. Now Eglon was a very fat man. 18 And when Ehud had finished presenting the tribute, he sent away the people who carried the tribute. 19 But he himself turned back (V)at the idols near Gilgal and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.” And he commanded, “Silence.” And all his attendants went out from his presence. 20 And Ehud came to him as he was sitting alone in his (W)cool roof chamber. (X)And Ehud said, “I have a message from God for you.” And he arose from his seat. 21 And Ehud reached with his left hand, took the sword from his right thigh, and thrust it into his belly. 22 And the hilt also went in after the blade, and the fat closed over the blade, for he did not pull the sword out of his belly; and the dung came out. 23 Then Ehud went out into the porch[b] and closed the doors of the roof chamber behind him (Y)and locked them.

24 When he had gone, the servants came, and when they saw that the doors of the roof chamber were locked, they thought, (Z)“Surely he is relieving himself in the closet of the cool chamber.” 25 And they waited till they were embarrassed. But when he still did not open the doors of the roof chamber, they took the key and opened them, and there lay their lord dead on the floor.

26 Ehud escaped while they delayed, and he passed beyond (AA)the idols and escaped to Seirah. 27 When he arrived, (AB)he sounded the trumpet in (AC)the hill country of Ephraim. Then the people of Israel went down with him from the hill country, and he was their leader. 28 And he said to them, “Follow after me, (AD)for the Lord has given your enemies the Moabites into your hand.” So they went down after him and seized (AE)the fords of the Jordan against the Moabites and did not allow anyone to pass over. 29 And they killed at that time about 10,000 of the Moabites, all strong, able-bodied men; not a man escaped. 30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. (AF)And the land had rest for eighty years.

Shamgar

31 After him was (AG)Shamgar the son of Anath, who killed 600 of the Philistines (AH)with an oxgoad, and he also (AI)saved Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:16 A cubit was about 18 inches or 45 centimeters
  2. Judges 3:23 The meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain

The Lord Tests Israel

These are the nations the Lord left in order to test all those in Israel who had experienced none of the wars in Canaan.(A) This was to teach the future generations of the Israelites how to fight in battle, especially those who had not fought before. These nations included the five rulers(B) of the Philistines(C) and all of the Canaanites, the Sidonians,(D) and the Hivites(E) who lived in the Lebanese mountains from Mount Baal-hermon as far as the entrance to Hamath.[a] The Lord left them to test Israel, to determine if they would keep the Lord’s commands he had given their ancestors through Moses.(F) But they settled among the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. The Israelites took their daughters as wives for themselves, gave their own daughters to their sons, and worshiped their gods.(G)

Othniel, the First Judge

The Israelites did what was evil in the Lord’s sight; they forgot the Lord their God(H) and worshiped the Baals and the Asherahs. The Lord’s anger burned against Israel, and he sold them to King Cushan-rishathaim[b] of Aram-naharaim,[c](I) and the Israelites served him eight years.

The Israelites cried out to the Lord.(J) So the Lord raised up Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb’s youngest brother,(K) as a deliverer(L) to save the Israelites. 10 The Spirit of the Lord came on him, and he judged Israel. Othniel went out to battle, and the Lord handed over King Cushan-rishathaim of Aram to him, so that Othniel overpowered him. 11 Then the land had peace for(M) forty years, and Othniel son of Kenaz died.

Ehud

12 The Israelites again did what was evil in the Lord’s sight. He gave King Eglon of Moab(N) power over Israel, because they had done what was evil in the Lord’s sight. 13 After Eglon convinced the Ammonites and the Amalekites to join forces with him, he attacked and defeated Israel and took possession of the City of Palms.[d](O) 14 The Israelites served King Eglon of Moab eighteen years.

15 Then the Israelites cried out to the Lord, and he raised up Ehud son of Gera, a left-handed(P) Benjaminite,[e] as a deliverer for them. The Israelites sent him with the tribute(Q) for King Eglon of Moab.

16 Ehud made himself a double-edged sword eighteen inches long.[f] He strapped it to his right thigh under his clothes 17 and brought the tribute to King Eglon of Moab, who was an extremely fat man. 18 When Ehud had finished presenting the tribute, he dismissed the people who had carried it. 19 At the carved images near Gilgal he returned and said, “King Eglon, I have a secret message for you.” The king said, “Silence!” and all his attendants left him. 20 Then Ehud approached him while he was sitting alone in his upstairs room where it was cool. Ehud said, “I have a message from God for you,” and the king stood up from his throne. 21 Ehud reached with his left hand, took the sword from his right thigh, and plunged it into Eglon’s belly. 22 Even the handle went in after the blade, and Eglon’s fat closed in over it, so that Ehud did not withdraw the sword from his belly. And the waste came out.[g] 23 Ehud escaped by way of the porch, closing and locking the doors of the upstairs room behind him.

24 Ehud was gone when Eglon’s servants came in. They looked and found the doors of the upstairs room locked and thought he was relieving himself[h] in the cool room. 25 The servants waited until they became embarrassed and saw that he had still not opened the doors of the upstairs room. So they took the key and opened the doors—and there was their lord lying dead on the floor!

26 Ehud escaped while the servants waited. He passed the Jordan near the carved images and reached Seirah. 27 After he arrived, he sounded the ram’s horn throughout the hill country of Ephraim. The Israelites came down with him from the hill country, and he became their leader. 28 He told them, “Follow me, because the Lord has handed over your enemies, the Moabites, to you.” So they followed him, captured the fords of the Jordan leading to Moab, and did not allow anyone to cross over.(R) 29 At that time they struck down about ten thousand Moabites, all stout and able-bodied men. Not one of them escaped. 30 Moab became subject to Israel that day, and the land had peace for eighty years.

Shamgar

31 After Ehud, Shamgar son of Anath became judge. He also delivered Israel, striking down six hundred Philistines with a cattle prod.

Footnotes

  1. 3:3 Or as Lebo-hamath
  2. 3:8 Lit Doubly-Evil
  3. 3:8 = Mesopotamia
  4. 3:13 = Jericho; Dt 34:3; Jdg 1:16; 2Ch 28:15
  5. 3:15 = son of the right hand
  6. 3:16 Lit sword a gomed in length
  7. 3:22 Or And Eglon’s bowels discharged
  8. 3:24 Lit was covering his feet

Now these are the nations which the Lord left, to prove Israel by them, even as many of Israel as had not known all the wars of Canaan;

Only that the generations of the children of Israel might know, to teach them war, at the least such as before knew nothing thereof;

Namely, five lords of the Philistines, and all the Canaanites, and the Sidonians, and the Hivites that dwelt in mount Lebanon, from mount Baalhermon unto the entering in of Hamath.

And they were to prove Israel by them, to know whether they would hearken unto the commandments of the Lord, which he commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses.

And the children of Israel dwelt among the Canaanites, Hittites, and Amorites, and Perizzites, and Hivites, and Jebusites:

And they took their daughters to be their wives, and gave their daughters to their sons, and served their gods.

And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the Lord, and forgat the Lord their God, and served Baalim and the groves.

Therefore the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of Chushanrishathaim king of Mesopotamia: and the children of Israel served Chushanrishathaim eight years.

And when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer to the children of Israel, who delivered them, even Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother.

10 And the Spirit of the Lord came upon him, and he judged Israel, and went out to war: and the Lord delivered Chushanrishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand; and his hand prevailed against Chushanrishathaim.

11 And the land had rest forty years. And Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

12 And the children of Israel did evil again in the sight of the Lord: and the Lord strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the Lord.

13 And he gathered unto him the children of Ammon and Amalek, and went and smote Israel, and possessed the city of palm trees.

14 So the children of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab eighteen years.

15 But when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord, the Lord raised them up a deliverer, Ehud the son of Gera, a Benjamite, a man lefthanded: and by him the children of Israel sent a present unto Eglon the king of Moab.

16 But Ehud made him a dagger which had two edges, of a cubit length; and he did gird it under his raiment upon his right thigh.

17 And he brought the present unto Eglon king of Moab: and Eglon was a very fat man.

18 And when he had made an end to offer the present, he sent away the people that bare the present.

19 But he himself turned again from the quarries that were by Gilgal, and said, I have a secret errand unto thee, O king: who said, Keep silence. And all that stood by him went out from him.

20 And Ehud came unto him; and he was sitting in a summer parlour, which he had for himself alone. And Ehud said, I have a message from God unto thee. And he arose out of his seat.

21 And Ehud put forth his left hand, and took the dagger from his right thigh, and thrust it into his belly:

22 And the haft also went in after the blade; and the fat closed upon the blade, so that he could not draw the dagger out of his belly; and the dirt came out.

23 Then Ehud went forth through the porch, and shut the doors of the parlour upon him, and locked them.

24 When he was gone out, his servants came; and when they saw that, behold, the doors of the parlour were locked, they said, Surely he covereth his feet in his summer chamber.

25 And they tarried till they were ashamed: and, behold, he opened not the doors of the parlour; therefore they took a key, and opened them: and, behold, their lord was fallen down dead on the earth.

26 And Ehud escaped while they tarried, and passed beyond the quarries, and escaped unto Seirath.

27 And it came to pass, when he was come, that he blew a trumpet in the mountain of Ephraim, and the children of Israel went down with him from the mount, and he before them.

28 And he said unto them, Follow after me: for the Lord hath delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand. And they went down after him, and took the fords of Jordan toward Moab, and suffered not a man to pass over.

29 And they slew of Moab at that time about ten thousand men, all lusty, and all men of valour; and there escaped not a man.

30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And the land had rest fourscore years.

31 And after him was Shamgar the son of Anath, which slew of the Philistines six hundred men with an ox goad: and he also delivered Israel.

Los pueblos que se quedaron en Canaán

Éstos son los pueblos que el Señor dejó en la región para poner a prueba a los israelitas que aún no habían nacido cuando se luchó por conquistar Canaán. El Señor los dejó para que aprendieran a pelear los que nunca habían estado en el campo de batalla. Quedaron los cinco jefes filisteos, todos los cananeos, los sidonios y los heveos que vivían en los montes del Líbano, desde el monte de Baal-hermón hasta el paso de Hamat. Con ellos el Señor quiso poner a prueba a los israelitas, para ver si obedecían los mandamientos que él había dado a los antepasados de ellos por medio de Moisés. Y así los israelitas empezaron a vivir entre los cananeos, hititas, amorreos, ferezeos, heveos y jebuseos, y los hijos y las hijas de los israelitas se casaron con los hijos y las hijas de aquellos pueblos, y adoraron a sus dioses.

Otoniel libera a Israel de Cusán-risataim

Los hechos de los israelitas fueron malos a los ojos del Señor, pues se olvidaron de él y adoraron a las diferentes representaciones de Baal y de Aserá. Por esto el Señor se enojó contra ellos y los entregó al poder de Cusán-risataim, rey de Mesopotamia. Durante ocho años los israelitas tuvieron que servir a Cusán-risataim, hasta que le suplicaron al Señor y él hizo que surgiera alguien para salvarlos. Este salvador fue Otoniel, hijo de Quenaz, hermano menor de Caleb: 10 el espíritu del Señor vino sobre Otoniel, el cual acaudilló a los israelitas; salió a la batalla, y el Señor le dio la victoria sobre Cusán-risataim. 11 Después de eso hubo paz en la región durante cuarenta años.

Ehud libera a Israel de Moab

Después de la muerte de Otoniel, 12 los israelitas volvieron a hacer lo malo a los ojos del Señor, y por eso el Señor dio a Eglón, rey de Moab, más poder que a Israel. 13 Eglón hizo una alianza con los amonitas y los amalecitas, y atacó a Israel, tomando posesión de la ciudad de las palmeras. 14 Durante dieciocho años, los israelitas tuvieron que servir a Eglón, 15 hasta que le suplicaron al Señor y él hizo que surgiera alguien para salvarlos. Ese salvador fue un zurdo llamado Ehud, hijo de Guerá, de la tribu de Benjamín.

Un día, los israelitas enviaron el tributo a Eglón por medio de Ehud. 16 Pero Ehud se hizo una espada de dos filos, como de medio metro de largo, y se la puso al cinto por debajo de la ropa y al lado derecho; 17 luego se fue a llevarle el tributo a Eglón, que era muy gordo. 18 Después de entregarle a Eglón el tributo, Ehud salió con los que habían venido con él, 19 pero al llegar a los ídolos que están cerca de Guilgal, Ehud regresó a donde estaba Eglón y le dijo:

—Tengo un mensaje para Su Majestad, pero debo dárselo en privado.

El rey ordenó entonces a los que estaban a su servicio que guardaran silencio y salieran de su presencia. 20 En cuanto Ehud se quedó a solas con Eglón, que estaba sentado en la sala de verano, se acercó a él y le dijo:

—El mensaje que traigo a Su Majestad es de parte de Dios.

Al oír esto, Eglón se levantó de su trono, 21 pero Ehud, que era zurdo, se llevó la mano izquierda al lado derecho, sacó su espada y se la clavó a Eglón en el vientre. 22 Se la clavó tan fuerte que no sólo entró toda la hoja sino también la empuñadura, quedando cubierta la espada por la gordura de Eglón, pues Ehud no se la sacó. 23 Después Ehud cerró las puertas con el cerrojo, y salió por la ventana.

24 Cuando ya se había ido, vinieron los que estaban al servicio del rey, y al ver las puertas cerradas pensaron que el rey se había encerrado en la sala de verano para hacer sus necesidades. 25 Pero después de mucho esperar, empezaron a preocuparse al ver que el rey no salía. Entonces tomaron la llave, y al abrir encontraron a su amo tendido en el suelo.

26 Mientras aquéllos perdían tiempo, Ehud huyó, y después de pasar los ídolos de Guilgal se refugió en Seirat. 27 Cuando llegó a territorio israelita, dio un toque de trompeta en los montes de Efraín para llamar a los israelitas, y todos ellos bajaron de los montes con Ehud a la cabeza. 28 Ehud les dijo que lo siguieran, pues el Señor les daría la victoria sobre sus enemigos los moabitas. Entonces ellos lo siguieron y tomaron posesión de los vados del Jordán, y no dejaron pasar a nadie. 29 En aquella ocasión mataron a unos diez mil moabitas, todos ellos soldados fuertes y valientes. Ni uno solo escapó con vida. 30 Así fue como los israelitas derrotaron a Moab. Después de eso hubo paz en la región durante ochenta años.

Samgar libera a Israel de los filisteos

31 El siguiente caudillo fue Samgar, hijo de Anat, que mató a seiscientos filisteos con una aguijada. Samgar también salvó a Israel.