Danites Seek Territory

18 (A)In those days there was no king of Israel; and (B)in those days the tribe of the Danites was seeking an inheritance for themselves to live in, for until that day [a]an inheritance had not [b]been allotted to them as a possession among the tribes of Israel. So the sons of Dan sent from their family five men out of their whole number, [c]valiant men from (C)Zorah and Eshtaol, to spy out the land and to search it; and they said to them, “Go, search the land.” And they came to (D)the hill country of Ephraim, to the house of Micah, and lodged there. When they were near the house of Micah, they recognized the voice of the young man, the Levite; and they turned aside there and said to him, “Who brought you here? And what are you doing in this place? And what do you have here?” He said to them, “Thus and so has Micah done to me, and he has hired me and (E)I have become his priest.” They said to him, “Inquire of God, please, that we may know whether our way on which we are going will be prosperous.” The priest said to them, “Go in peace; your way in which you are going [d]has the Lord’s approval.”

Then the five men departed and came to (F)Laish and saw the people who were in it living in security, after the manner of the Sidonians, quiet and secure; for there was no [e]ruler humiliating them for anything in the land, and they were far from the Sidonians and had no dealings with anyone. When they came back to their brothers at Zorah and Eshtaol, their brothers said to them, “What do you report?” They said, “Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and behold, it is very good. And will you [f]sit still? Do not delay to go, to enter, to possess the land. 10 When you enter, you will come to a secure people with a spacious land; for God has given it into your hand, (G)a place where there is no lack of anything that is on the earth.”

11 Then from the family of the Danites, from Zorah and from Eshtaol, six hundred men armed with weapons of war set out. 12 They went up and camped at Kiriath-jearim in Judah. Therefore they called that place [g](H)Mahaneh-dan to this day; behold, it is [h]west of Kiriath-jearim. 13 They passed from there to the hill country of Ephraim and came to the house of Micah.

Danites Take Micah’s Idols

14 Then the five men who went to spy out the country of Laish said to their kinsmen, “Do you know that there are in these houses (I)an ephod and [i]household idols and a graven image and a molten image? Now therefore, consider what you should do.” 15 They turned aside there and came to the house of the young man, the Levite, to the house of Micah, and asked him of his welfare. 16 The six hundred men armed with their weapons of war, who were of the sons of Dan, stood by the entrance of the gate. 17 Now the five men who went to spy out the land went up and entered there, and took (J)the graven image and the ephod and [j]household idols and the molten image, while the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men armed with weapons of war. 18 When these went into Micah’s house and took the graven image, the ephod and [k]household idols and the molten image, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?” 19 They said to him, “Be silent, (K)put your hand over your mouth and come with us, and be to us (L)a father and a priest. Is it better for you to be a priest to the house of one man, or to be priest to a tribe and a family in Israel?” 20 The priest’s heart was glad, and he took the ephod and [l]household idols and the graven image and went among the people.

21 Then they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the livestock and the valuables in front of them. 22 When they had gone some distance from the house of Micah, the men who were in the houses near Micah’s house assembled and overtook the sons of Dan. 23 They cried to the sons of Dan, who turned [m]around and said to Micah, “What is the matter with you, that you have assembled together?” 24 He said, “You have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and have gone away, and what do I have besides? So how can you say to me, ‘What is the matter with you?’” 25 The sons of Dan said to him, “Do not let your voice be heard among us, or else [n]fierce men will fall upon you and you will [o]lose your life, with the lives of your household.” 26 So the sons of Dan went on their way; and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back to his house.

27 Then they took what Micah had made and the priest who had belonged to him, and came to (M)Laish, to a people quiet and secure, and struck them with the edge of the sword; and they burned the city with fire. 28 And there was no one to deliver them, because it was far from Sidon and they had no dealings with anyone, and it was in the valley which is near (N)Beth-rehob. And they rebuilt the city and lived in it. 29 (O)They called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father who was born in Israel; however, the name of the city formerly was Laish. 30 The sons of Dan set up for themselves (P)the graven image; and Jonathan, the son of (Q)Gershom, the son of [p]Manasseh, (R)he and his sons were priests to the tribe of the Danites until the day of the captivity of the land. 31 So they set up for themselves Micah’s graven image which he had made, all the time that the (S)house of God was at Shiloh.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 18:1 Lit it
  2. Judges 18:1 Lit fallen
  3. Judges 18:2 Lit men, sons of valor
  4. Judges 18:6 Lit is before the Lord
  5. Judges 18:7 Lit possessor of restraint
  6. Judges 18:9 Lit be
  7. Judges 18:12 I.e. the camp of Dan
  8. Judges 18:12 Lit behind
  9. Judges 18:14 Heb teraphim
  10. Judges 18:17 Heb teraphim
  11. Judges 18:18 Heb teraphim
  12. Judges 18:20 Heb teraphim
  13. Judges 18:23 Lit their faces
  14. Judges 18:25 Lit bitter of soul
  15. Judges 18:25 Lit gather
  16. Judges 18:30 Some ancient versions read Moses

The Danites Settle in Laish

18 In those days Israel had no king.(A)

And in those days the tribe of the Danites was seeking a place of their own where they might settle, because they had not yet come into an inheritance among the tribes of Israel.(B) So the Danites(C) sent five of their leading men(D) from Zorah and Eshtaol to spy out(E) the land and explore it. These men represented all the Danites. They told them, “Go, explore the land.”(F)

So they entered the hill country of Ephraim and came to the house of Micah,(G) where they spent the night. When they were near Micah’s house, they recognized the voice of the young Levite;(H) so they turned in there and asked him, “Who brought you here? What are you doing in this place? Why are you here?”

He told them what Micah had done for him, and said, “He has hired me and I am his priest.(I)

Then they said to him, “Please inquire of God(J) to learn whether our journey will be successful.”

The priest answered them, “Go in peace(K). Your journey has the Lord’s approval.”

So the five men(L) left and came to Laish,(M) where they saw that the people were living in safety, like the Sidonians, at peace and secure.(N) And since their land lacked nothing, they were prosperous.[a] Also, they lived a long way from the Sidonians(O) and had no relationship with anyone else.[b]

When they returned to Zorah and Eshtaol, their fellow Danites asked them, “How did you find things?”

They answered, “Come on, let’s attack them! We have seen the land, and it is very good. Aren’t you going to do something? Don’t hesitate to go there and take it over.(P) 10 When you get there, you will find an unsuspecting people and a spacious land that God has put into your hands, a land that lacks nothing(Q) whatever.(R)

11 Then six hundred men(S) of the Danites,(T) armed for battle, set out from Zorah and Eshtaol. 12 On their way they set up camp near Kiriath Jearim(U) in Judah. This is why the place west of Kiriath Jearim is called Mahaneh Dan[c](V) to this day. 13 From there they went on to the hill country of Ephraim and came to Micah’s house.(W)

14 Then the five men who had spied out the land of Laish(X) said to their fellow Danites, “Do you know that one of these houses has an ephod,(Y) some household gods and an image overlaid with silver?(Z) Now you know what to do.” 15 So they turned in there and went to the house of the young Levite at Micah’s place and greeted him. 16 The six hundred Danites,(AA) armed for battle, stood at the entrance of the gate. 17 The five men who had spied out the land went inside and took the idol, the ephod and the household gods(AB) while the priest and the six hundred armed men(AC) stood at the entrance of the gate.

18 When the five men went into Micah’s house and took(AD) the idol, the ephod and the household gods,(AE) the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”

19 They answered him, “Be quiet!(AF) Don’t say a word. Come with us, and be our father and priest.(AG) Isn’t it better that you serve a tribe and clan(AH) in Israel as priest rather than just one man’s household?” 20 The priest was very pleased. He took the ephod, the household gods and the idol and went along with the people. 21 Putting their little children, their livestock and their possessions in front of them, they turned away and left.

22 When they had gone some distance from Micah’s house, the men who lived near Micah were called together and overtook the Danites. 23 As they shouted after them, the Danites turned and said to Micah, “What’s the matter with you that you called out your men to fight?”

24 He replied, “You took(AI) the gods I made, and my priest, and went away. What else do I have? How can you ask, ‘What’s the matter with you?’”

25 The Danites answered, “Don’t argue with us, or some of the men may get angry and attack you, and you and your family will lose your lives.” 26 So the Danites went their way, and Micah, seeing that they were too strong for him,(AJ) turned around and went back home.

27 Then they took what Micah had made, and his priest, and went on to Laish, against a people at peace and secure.(AK) They attacked them with the sword and burned(AL) down their city.(AM) 28 There was no one to rescue them because they lived a long way from Sidon(AN) and had no relationship with anyone else. The city was in a valley near Beth Rehob.(AO)

The Danites rebuilt the city and settled there. 29 They named it Dan(AP) after their ancestor Dan, who was born to Israel—though the city used to be called Laish.(AQ) 30 There the Danites set up for themselves the idol, and Jonathan son of Gershom,(AR) the son of Moses,[d] and his sons were priests for the tribe of Dan until the time of the captivity of the land. 31 They continued to use the idol Micah had made,(AS) all the time the house of God(AT) was in Shiloh.(AU)

Footnotes

  1. Judges 18:7 The meaning of the Hebrew for this clause is uncertain.
  2. Judges 18:7 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts with the Arameans
  3. Judges 18:12 Mahaneh Dan means Dan’s camp.
  4. Judges 18:30 Many Hebrew manuscripts, some Septuagint manuscripts and Vulgate; many other Hebrew manuscripts and some other Septuagint manuscripts Manasseh

The Danites Adopt Micah’s Idolatry

18 In (A)those days there was no king in Israel. And in those days (B)the tribe of the Danites was seeking an inheritance for itself to dwell in; for until that day their inheritance among the tribes of Israel had not fallen to them. So the children of Dan sent five men of their family from their territory, men of valor from (C)Zorah and Eshtaol, (D)to spy out the land and search it. They said to them, “Go, search the land.” So they went to the mountains of Ephraim, to the (E)house of Micah, and lodged there. While they were at the house of Micah, they recognized the voice of the young Levite. They turned aside and said to him, “Who brought you here? What are you doing in this place? What do you have here?”

He said to them, “Thus and so Micah did for me. He has (F)hired me, and I have become his priest.”

So they said to him, “Please (G)inquire (H)of God, that we may know whether the journey on which we go will be prosperous.”

And the priest said to them, (I)“Go in peace. [a]The presence of the Lord be with you on your way.”

So the five men departed and went to (J)Laish. They saw the people who were there, (K)how they dwelt safely, in the manner of the Sidonians, quiet and secure. There were no rulers in the land who might put them to shame for anything. They were far from the (L)Sidonians, and they had no ties [b]with anyone.

Then the spies came back to their brethren at (M)Zorah and Eshtaol, and their brethren said to them, “What is your report?

So they said, (N)“Arise, let us go up against them. For we have seen the land, and indeed it is very good. Would you (O)do nothing? Do not hesitate to go, and enter to possess the land. 10 When you go, you will come to a (P)secure people and a large land. For God has given it into your hands, (Q)a place where there is no lack of anything that is on the earth.”

11 And six hundred men of the family of the Danites went from there, from Zorah and Eshtaol, armed with weapons of war. 12 Then they went up and encamped in (R)Kirjath Jearim in Judah. (Therefore they call that place (S)Mahaneh Dan[c] to this day. There it is, west of Kirjath Jearim.) 13 And they passed from there to the mountains of Ephraim, and came to (T)the house of Micah.

14 (U)Then the five men who had gone to spy out the country of Laish answered and said to their brethren, “Do you know that (V)there are in these houses an ephod, household idols, a carved image, and a molded image? Now therefore, consider what you should do.” 15 So they turned aside there, and came to the house of the young Levite man—to the house of Micah—and greeted him. 16 The (W)six hundred men armed with their weapons of war, who were of the children of Dan, stood by the entrance of the gate. 17 Then (X)the five men who had gone to spy out the land went up. Entering there, they took (Y)the carved image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molded image. The priest stood at the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men who were armed with weapons of war.

18 When these went into Micah’s house and took the carved image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molded image, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”

19 And they said to him, “Be quiet, (Z)put your hand over your mouth, and come with us; (AA)be a father and a priest to us. Is it better for you to be a priest to the household of one man, or that you be a priest to a tribe and a family in Israel?” 20 So the priest’s heart was glad; and he took the ephod, the household idols, and the carved image, and took his place among the people.

21 Then they turned and departed, and put the little ones, the livestock, and the goods in front of them. 22 When they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men who were in the houses near Micah’s house gathered together and overtook the children of Dan. 23 And they called out to the children of Dan. So they turned around and said to Micah, (AB)“What ails you, that you have gathered such a company?”

24 So he said, “You have (AC)taken away my [d]gods which I made, and the priest, and you have gone away. Now what more do I have? How can you say to me, ‘What ails you?’ ”

25 And the children of Dan said to him, “Do not let your voice be heard among us, lest [e]angry men fall upon you, and you lose your life, with the lives of your household!” 26 Then the children of Dan went their way. And when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back to his house.

Danites Settle in Laish

27 So they took the things Micah had made, and the priest who had belonged to him, and went to Laish, to a people quiet and secure; (AD)and they struck them with the edge of the sword and burned the city with fire. 28 There was no deliverer, because it was (AE)far from Sidon, and they had no ties with anyone. It was in the valley that belongs (AF)to Beth Rehob. So they rebuilt the city and dwelt there. 29 And (AG)they called the name of the city (AH)Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born to Israel. However, the name of the city formerly was Laish.

30 Then the children of Dan set up for themselves the carved image; and Jonathan the son of Gershom, the son of [f]Manasseh, and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan (AI)until the day of the captivity of the land. 31 So they set up for themselves Micah’s carved image which he made, (AJ)all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 18:6 Lit. The Lord is before the way in which you go
  2. Judges 18:7 So with MT, Tg., Vg.; LXX with Syria
  3. Judges 18:12 Lit. Camp of Dan
  4. Judges 18:24 idols
  5. Judges 18:25 Lit. bitter of soul
  6. Judges 18:30 LXX, Vg. Moses

Michaʼs afgodsbeelden worden gestolen

18 Ook de volgende geschiedenis had plaats in de tijd dat er geen koning in Israël was. De mannen van de stam Dan zochten nog steeds een plek waar zij zich definitief konden vestigen, want hun was nog geen eigen grondgebied toegewezen zoals aan de andere stammen van Israël. Daarom werden vijf dappere mannen uit hun stam vanuit de steden Zora en Estaol eropuit gestuurd om als spionnen het land te verkennen dat in bezit moest worden genomen. Toen de vijf spionnen in de bergen van Efraïm waren gekomen, overnachtten zij bij Micha. Het viel hun op dat de jonge Leviet een accent had. Daarom namen ze hem apart en vroegen: ‘Wie heeft u hierheen gebracht en wat doet u hier eigenlijk?’ De jongeman vertelde hun van zijn afspraak met Micha en dat hij bij hem in dienst was als priester. ‘Dat komt goed uit,’ zeiden de spionnen. ‘Vraag God of we op deze tocht succes zullen hebben.’ ‘Ja, trek gerust verder,’ antwoordde de priester. ‘Want de tocht die u maakt, is naar de wil van de Here.’ Daarop gingen de vijf mannen naar de stad Laïs en het viel hun op hoe veilig iedereen zich daar voelde. De mensen leefden zoals de Sidoniërs in rust en vrede. Ook was er geen leider die om welke reden dan ook de mensen onderdrukte. Bovendien woonden zij ver van hun familie in Sidon en hadden weinig of geen contact met de mensen uit het omringende gebied.

Toen de spionnen bij hun stamgenoten in Zora en Estaol waren teruggekeerd, vroegen de mensen: ‘Vertel eens, wat hebben jullie gezien?’ 9,10 De mannen antwoordden: ‘Breek op en laten wij direct aanvallen! Wij hebben het land verkend en kunnen het meteen innemen—een prachtland, ruim en vruchtbaar—waar het aan niets ontbreekt. De bevolking is niet eens op een aanval voorbereid. Vooruit, aarzel niet! God heeft het ons gegeven!’

11 Toen verlieten zeshonderd gewapende mannen van de stam Dan de steden Zora en Estaol. 12 Zij rukten op tot een plaats ten westen van Kirjat-Jearim in Juda, waar zij hun kamp opsloegen. Daarom heet die plaats nog steeds Mahane-Dan (dit betekent: Kamp van Dan). 13 Vandaar trokken zij door naar de bergen van Efraïm en passeerden onderweg het huis van Micha. 14 De vijf spionnen zeiden tegen de andere mannen: ‘Wist u dat zich in dat huis een efod, terafim en nog een ander beeld bevinden? Het is duidelijk wat ons te doen staat!’ 15,16 Toen gingen de vijf mannen naar het huis, terwijl de grote groep gewapende mannen bij de poort bleef wachten. De vijf gingen het huis binnen en vroegen de jonge priester hoe het met hem ging. 17 Eenmaal binnengekomen namen zij het beeld, het priesterkleed en terafim weg. Op dat moment stond de priester bij de ingang van de poort, bij de zeshonderd gewapende mannen. 18 ‘Wat gaat u nu doen?’ riep hij, toen hij zag dat de spionnen de beelden wegdroegen. 19 ‘Houd uw mond en ga met ons mee,’ zeiden ze. ‘Wees onze priester. Het is toch beter priester te zijn van een hele stam in Israël dan van slechts één man en zijn familie?’ 20 Dat vond de jonge priester een prachtig idee. Hij nam het priesterkleed, de terafim en het afgodsbeeld en voegde zich bij de rest van de groep. 21 De stoet zette zich weer in beweging, met de kinderen, het vee en alle huisraad voorop. 22 Ze waren al een heel eind van Michaʼs huis verwijderd, toen Micha met een groep buren hen inhaalde. 23 Zij schreeuwden tegen de stoet dat men moest stoppen. De mannen van Dan draaiden zich om en vroegen: ‘Wat is er? Waarom komt u ons met zoveel mensen achterna?’ 24 ‘Wat bedoelt u met “Wat is er?” ’ barstte Micha uit. ‘U bent er met al mijn goden en mijn priester vandoor gegaan, ik heb niets meer over!’ 25 ‘Pas op uw woorden,’ waarschuwden de mannen van Dan dreigend, ‘anders wordt misschien iemand van ons zó kwaad dat hij u allemaal vermoordt.’ 26 Daarop zetten zij de tocht voort. Omdat Micha zag dat zij sterker waren dan hij, maakte hij rechtsomkeert en ging naar huis. 27 Daarna kwam de stam Dan met Michaʼs goden en zijn priester bij de stad Laïs aan en zij overvielen de stad. De bevolking was nergens op bedacht en daarom konden ze de stad ongehinderd binnengaan, zij doodden alle inwoners en staken de stad in brand. 28 Niemand kwam de inwoners te hulp, want ze woonden ver van Sidon en er waren geen plaatselijke bondgenoten, want ze hadden met niemand iets te maken. Laïs lag in het dal van Bet-Rechob. Toen herbouwden de mannen van Dan de stad en gingen daar wonen. 29 Ze noemden de stad ‘Dan’, naar hun stamvader, een zoon van Jakob, maar vroeger heette de stad Laïs. 30 Zij zetten daar de afgodsbeelden neer en stelden Jonathan (de zoon van Gersom en kleinzoon van Mozes) en zijn zonen tot priesters aan. Deze familie bleef priester tot het volk in ballingschap werd weggevoerd. 31 Zo werden Michaʼs afgodsbeelden door de stam Dan vereerd, zolang de tabernakel van God in Silo stond.