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Abimeleque mata os seus irmãos e se declara rei

E Abimeleque, filho de Jerubaal, foi-se a Siquém, aos irmãos de sua mãe, e falou-lhes e a toda a geração da casa do pai de sua mãe, dizendo: Falai, peço-vos, aos ouvidos de todos os cidadãos de Siquém: Qual é melhor para vós: que setenta homens, todos os filhos de Jerubaal, dominem sobre vós ou que um homem sobre vós domine? Lembrai-vos também de que sou osso vosso e carne vossa. Então, os irmãos de sua mãe falaram acerca dele perante os ouvidos de todos os cidadãos de Siquém todas aquelas palavras; e o coração deles se inclinou para Abimeleque, porque disseram: É nosso irmão. E deram-lhe setenta peças de prata, da casa de Baal-Berite; e com elas alugou Abimeleque uns homens ociosos e levianos, que o seguiram. E veio à casa de seu pai, a Ofra, e matou os seus irmãos, os filhos de Jerubaal, setenta homens, sobre uma pedra. Porém Jotão, filho menor de Jerubaal, ficou, porque se tinha escondido. Então, se ajuntaram todos os cidadãos de Siquém e toda Bete-Milo; e foram e levantaram a Abimeleque como rei, junto ao carvalho alto que está perto de Siquém.

A parábola de Jotão

E, dizendo-o a Jotão, foi este, e pôs-se no cume do monte de Gerizim, e levantou a sua voz, e clamou, e disse-lhes: Ouvi-me a mim, cidadãos de Siquém, e Deus vos ouvirá a vós. Foram uma vez as árvores a ungir para si um rei e disseram à oliveira: Reina tu sobre nós. Porém a oliveira lhes disse: Deixaria eu a minha gordura, que Deus e os homens em mim prezam, e iria a labutar sobre as árvores? 10 Então, disseram as árvores à figueira: Vem tu e reina sobre nós. 11 Porém a figueira lhes disse: Deixaria eu a minha doçura, o meu bom fruto e iria labutar sobre as árvores? 12 Então, disseram as árvores à videira: Vem tu e reina sobre nós. 13 Porém a videira lhes disse: Deixaria eu o meu mosto, que alegra a Deus e aos homens, e iria labutar sobre as árvores? 14 Então, todas as árvores disseram ao espinheiro: Vem tu e reina sobre nós. 15 E disse o espinheiro às árvores: Se, na verdade, me ungis rei sobre vós, vinde e confiai-vos debaixo da minha sombra; mas, se não, saia fogo do espinheiro que consuma os cedros do Líbano. 16 Agora, pois, se é que em verdade e sinceridade procedestes, fazendo rei a Abimeleque, e se bem fizestes para com Jerubaal e para com a sua casa e se com ele usastes conforme o merecimento das suas mãos 17 (porque meu pai pelejou por vós, e desprezou a sua vida, e vos livrou da mão dos midianitas; 18 porém vós hoje vos levantastes contra a casa de meu pai, e matastes a seus filhos, setenta homens, sobre uma pedra, e a Abimeleque, filho da sua serva, fizestes reinar sobre os cidadãos de Siquém, porque é vosso irmão); 19 se em verdade e sinceridade usastes com Jerubaal e com a sua casa hoje, alegrai-vos com Abimeleque, e também ele se alegre convosco. 20 Mas, se não, saia fogo de Abimeleque e consuma os cidadãos de Siquém e Bete-Milo; e saia fogo dos cidadãos de Siquém e de Bete-Milo, que consuma a Abimeleque. 21 Então, partiu Jotão, e fugiu, e foi-se a Beer; e ali habitou por medo de Abimeleque, seu irmão.

A conspiração de Gaal

22 Havendo, pois, Abimeleque dominado três anos sobre Israel, 23 enviou Deus um mau espírito entre Abimeleque e os cidadãos de Siquém; e os cidadãos de Siquém se houveram aleivosamente contra Abimeleque; 24 para que a violência feita aos setenta filhos de Jerubaal viesse, e o seu sangue caísse sobre Abimeleque, seu irmão, que os matara, e sobre os cidadãos de Siquém, que lhe corroboraram as mãos, para matar os seus irmãos. 25 E os cidadãos de Siquém puseram contra ele quem lhe armasse emboscadas sobre os cumes dos montes; e a todo aquele que passava pelo caminho junto a eles o assaltavam; e contou-se a Abimeleque.

26 Veio também Gaal, filho de Ebede, com seus irmãos, e passaram para dentro de Siquém; e os cidadãos de Siquém se fiaram nele. 27 E saíram ao campo, e vindimaram as suas vinhas, e pisaram as uvas, e fizeram canções de louvor; e foram à casa de seu Deus, e comeram, e beberam, e amaldiçoaram a Abimeleque. 28 E disse Gaal, filho de Ebede: Quem é Abimeleque, e quem é Siquém, para que o servíssemos? Não é, porventura, filho de Jerubaal? E não é Zebul o seu mordomo? servi, antes, aos homens de Hamor, pai de Siquém; pois por que razão nós o serviríamos a ele? 29 Ah! Se este povo estivera na minha mão, eu expeliria a Abimeleque. E a Abimeleque se disse: Multiplica o teu exército e sai. 30 E, ouvindo Zebul, o maioral da cidade, as palavras de Gaal, filho de Ebede, se acendeu a sua ira. 31 E enviou astutamente mensageiros a Abimeleque, dizendo: Eis que Gaal, filho de Ebede, e seus irmãos vieram a Siquém, e eis que eles fortificam esta cidade contra ti. 32 Levanta-te, pois, de noite, tu e o povo que tiveres contigo, e põe emboscadas no campo. 33 E levanta-te pela manhã, ao sair o sol, e dá de golpe sobre a cidade; e eis que, saindo ele e o povo que tiver com ele contra ti, faze-lhe como alcançar a tua mão.

Abimeleque vence Gaal e os siquemitas

34 Levantou-se, pois, Abimeleque e todo o povo que com ele havia, de noite, e puseram emboscadas contra Siquém, em quatro bandos. 35 E Gaal, filho de Ebede, saiu e pôs-se à entrada da porta da cidade; e Abimeleque e todo o povo que com ele havia se levantaram das emboscadas. 36 E, vendo Gaal aquele povo, disse a Zebul: Eis que desce gente dos cumes dos montes. Zebul, ao contrário, lhe disse: As sombras dos montes vês por homens. 37 Porém Gaal ainda tornou a falar e disse: Eis ali desce gente do meio da terra, e uma tropa vem do caminho do carvalho de Meonenim. 38 Então, lhe disse Zebul: Onde está agora a tua boca, com a qual dizias: Quem é Abimeleque, para que o servíssemos? Não é este, porventura, o povo que desprezaste? Sai, pois, peço-te, e peleja contra ele. 39 E saiu Gaal à vista dos cidadãos de Siquém e pelejou contra Abimeleque. 40 E Abimeleque o perseguiu, porquanto fugiu de diante dele; e muitos feridos caíram até à entrada da porta da cidade. 41 E Abimeleque ficou em Arumá. E Zebul expeliu a Gaal e a seus irmãos, para que não pudessem habitar em Siquém.

42 E sucedeu, no dia seguinte, que o povo saiu ao campo, e o disseram a Abimeleque. 43 Então, tomou o povo, e o repartiu em três bandos, e pôs emboscadas no campo; e olhou, e eis que o povo saía da cidade, e levantou-se contra eles e os feriu. 44 Porque Abimeleque e as tropas que com ele havia deram neles de improviso e pararam à entrada da porta da cidade; e as outras tropas deram de improviso sobre todos quantos estavam no campo e os feriram. 45 E Abimeleque pelejou contra a cidade todo aquele dia e tomou a cidade; e matou o povo que nela havia, e assolou a cidade, e a semeou de sal.

46 O que, ouvindo todos os cidadãos da torre de Siquém, entraram na fortaleza, em casa do deus Berite. 47 E contou-se a Abimeleque que todos os cidadãos da torre de Siquém se haviam congregado. 48 Subiu, pois, Abimeleque ao monte de Salmom, ele e todo o povo que com ele havia; e Abimeleque tomou na sua mão machados, e cortou um ramo das árvores, e o levantou, e pô-lo ao seu ombro, e disse ao povo que com ele havia: O que me vistes fazer, apressai-vos a fazê-lo assim como eu. 49 Assim, pois, também todo o povo, cada um cortou o seu ramo, e seguiram a Abimeleque, e os puseram junto da fortaleza, e queimaram a fogo a fortaleza com eles; de maneira que todos os da torre de Siquém morreram, uns mil homens e mulheres.

A morte de Abimeleque

50 Então, Abimeleque foi-se a Tebes, e a sitiou, e a tomou. 51 Havia, porém, no meio da cidade uma torre forte; e todos os homens e mulheres e todos os cidadãos da cidade se acolheram a ela, e fecharam após si as portas, e subiram ao telhado da torre. 52 E Abimeleque veio até à torre, e a combateu, e chegou-se até à porta da torre, para a queimar. 53 Porém uma mulher lançou um pedaço de uma mó sobre a cabeça de Abimeleque e quebrou-lhe o crânio. 54 Então, chamou logo ao moço que levava as suas armas e disse-lhe: Desembainha a tua espada e mata-me; para que se não diga de mim: Uma mulher o matou. E seu moço o atravessou, e ele morreu. 55 Vendo, pois, os homens de Israel que Abimeleque era morto, foram-se, cada um para o seu lugar. 56 Assim, Deus fez tornar sobre Abimeleque o mal que tinha feito a seu pai, matando os seus setenta irmãos. 57 Como também todo o mal dos homens de Siquém fez tornar sobre a cabeça deles; e a maldição de Jotão, filho de Jerubaal, veio sobre eles.

Abimelech's Conspiracy

Now Abimelech the son of Jerubbaal went to Shechem to (A)his mother's relatives and said to them and to the whole clan of his mother's family, “Say in the ears of all the leaders of Shechem, ‘Which is better for you, that all (B)seventy of the sons of Jerubbaal rule over you, or that one rule over you?’ Remember also that (C)I am (D)your bone and your flesh.”

And his mother's relatives spoke all these words on his behalf in the ears of all the leaders of Shechem, and their hearts inclined to follow Abimelech, for they said, (E)“He is our brother.” And they gave him seventy pieces of silver out of the house of (F)Baal-berith with which Abimelech hired (G)worthless and reckless fellows, who followed him. And he went to his father's house at (H)Ophrah (I)and killed his brothers the sons of Jerubbaal, seventy men, on one stone. But Jotham the youngest son of Jerubbaal was left, for he hid himself. And all the leaders of Shechem came together, and all (J)Beth-millo, and they went and made Abimelech king, by the oak of the pillar at Shechem.

When it was told to Jotham, he went and stood on top of (K)Mount Gerizim and cried aloud and said to them, “Listen to me, you leaders of Shechem, that God may listen to you. (L)The trees once went out to anoint a king over them, and they said to the olive tree, (M)‘Reign over us.’ But the olive tree said to them, ‘Shall I leave my abundance, by which gods and men are honored, and go hold sway over the trees?’ 10 And the trees said to the fig tree, ‘You come and reign over us.’ 11 But the fig tree said to them, ‘Shall I leave my sweetness and my good fruit and go hold sway over the trees?’ 12 And the trees said to the vine, ‘You come and reign over us.’ 13 But the vine said to them, ‘Shall I leave my wine that (N)cheers God and men and go hold sway over the trees?’ 14 Then all the trees said to the bramble, ‘You come and reign over us.’ 15 And the bramble said to the trees, ‘If in good faith you are anointing me king over you, then come and (O)take refuge in my shade, but if not, (P)let fire come out of the bramble and devour (Q)the cedars of Lebanon.’

16 “Now therefore, if you acted in good faith and integrity when you made Abimelech king, and if you have dealt well with (R)Jerubbaal and his house and have done to him (S)as his deeds deserved— 17 for my father fought for you and risked his life and delivered you from the hand of Midian, 18 and you have risen up against my father's house this day (T)and have killed his sons, seventy men on one stone, and have made (U)Abimelech, the son of his female servant, king over the leaders of Shechem, (V)because he is your relative— 19 if you then have acted in good faith and integrity with Jerubbaal and with his house this day, then (W)rejoice in Abimelech, and let him also rejoice in you. 20 But if not, (X)let fire come out from Abimelech and devour the leaders of Shechem and Beth-millo; and let fire come out from the leaders of Shechem and from Beth-millo and devour Abimelech.” 21 And Jotham ran away and fled and went to (Y)Beer and lived there, because of Abimelech his brother.

The Downfall of Abimelech

22 Abimelech ruled over Israel three years. 23 (Z)And God sent an evil spirit between Abimelech and the leaders of Shechem, and the leaders of Shechem (AA)dealt treacherously with Abimelech, 24 (AB)that the violence done to the seventy sons of Jerubbaal might come, and their blood be laid on Abimelech their brother, who killed them, and on the men of Shechem, who strengthened his hands to kill his brothers. 25 And the leaders of Shechem put men in ambush against him on the mountaintops, and they robbed all who passed by them along that way. And it was told to Abimelech.

26 And Gaal the son of Ebed moved into Shechem with his relatives, and the leaders of Shechem put confidence in him. 27 And they went out into the field and gathered the grapes from their vineyards and trod them and held a festival; and they went into (AC)the house of their god and ate and drank and reviled Abimelech. 28 And Gaal the son of Ebed said, (AD)“Who is Abimelech, and who are we of Shechem, that we should serve him? Is he not the son of Jerubbaal, and is not Zebul his officer? Serve the men of (AE)Hamor the father of Shechem; but why should we serve him? 29 Would that this people were under my hand! Then I would remove Abimelech. I would say[a] to Abimelech, ‘Increase your army, and come out.’”

30 When Zebul the ruler of the city heard the words of Gaal the son of Ebed, his anger was kindled. 31 And he sent messengers to Abimelech secretly,[b] saying, “Behold, Gaal the son of Ebed and his relatives have come to Shechem, and they are stirring up[c] the city against you. 32 Now therefore, go by night, you and the people who are with you, and set an ambush in the field. 33 Then in the morning, as soon as the sun is up, rise early and rush upon the city. And when he and the people who are with him come out against you, you may do to them (AF)as your hand finds to do.”

34 So Abimelech and all the men who were with him rose up by night and set an ambush against Shechem in four companies. 35 And Gaal the son of Ebed went out and stood in the entrance of the gate of the city, and Abimelech and the people who were with him rose from the ambush. 36 And when Gaal saw the people, he said to Zebul, “Look, people are coming down from (AG)the mountaintops!” And Zebul said to him, “You mistake[d] the shadow of the mountains for men.” 37 Gaal spoke again and said, “Look, people are coming down from the center of the land, and one company is coming from the direction of the Diviners' Oak.” 38 Then Zebul said to him, “Where is your mouth now, you who said, (AH)‘Who is Abimelech, that we should serve him?’ Are not these the people whom you despised? Go out now and fight with them.” 39 And Gaal went out at the head of the leaders of Shechem and fought with Abimelech. 40 And Abimelech chased him, and he fled before him. And many fell wounded, up to the entrance of the gate. 41 And Abimelech lived at Arumah, and Zebul drove out Gaal and his relatives, so that they could not dwell at Shechem.

42 On the following day, the people went out into the field, and Abimelech was told. 43 He took his people and divided them into three companies and set an ambush in the fields. And he looked and saw the people coming out of the city. So he rose against them and killed them. 44 Abimelech and the company that was with him (AI)rushed forward and stood at the entrance of the gate of the city, while the two companies rushed upon all who were in the field and killed them. 45 And Abimelech fought against the city all that day. He captured the city and killed the people who were in it, and (AJ)he razed the city and (AK)sowed it with salt.

46 When all the leaders of the Tower of Shechem heard of it, they entered (AL)the stronghold of the house of (AM)El-berith. 47 Abimelech was told that all the leaders of the Tower of Shechem were gathered together. 48 And Abimelech went up to Mount (AN)Zalmon, he and all the people who were with him. And Abimelech took an axe in his hand and cut down a bundle of brushwood and took it up and laid it on his shoulder. And he said to the men who were with him, “What you have seen me do, hurry and do as I have done.” 49 So every one of the people cut down his bundle and following Abimelech put it against (AO)the stronghold, and they set the stronghold on fire over them, so that all the people of the Tower of Shechem also died, about 1,000 men and women.

50 Then Abimelech went to Thebez and encamped against Thebez and captured it. 51 But there was a strong tower within the city, and all the men and women and all the leaders of the city fled to it and shut themselves in, and they went up to the roof of the tower. 52 And Abimelech came to the tower and fought against it and drew near to the door of the tower to burn it with fire. 53 (AP)And a certain woman threw an upper millstone on Abimelech's head and crushed his skull. 54 (AQ)Then he called quickly to the young man his armor-bearer and said to him, “Draw your sword and kill me, lest they say of me, ‘A woman killed him.’” And his young man thrust him through, and he died. 55 And when the men of Israel saw that Abimelech was dead, everyone departed to his home. 56 (AR)Thus God returned the evil of Abimelech, which he committed against his father in killing his seventy brothers. 57 And God also made all the evil of the men of Shechem return on their heads, and upon them came (AS)the curse of Jotham the son of Jerubbaal.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 9:29 Septuagint; Hebrew and he said
  2. Judges 9:31 Or at Tormah
  3. Judges 9:31 Hebrew besieging, or closing up
  4. Judges 9:36 Hebrew You see

Abimelek

Abimelek(A) son of Jerub-Baal(B) went to his mother’s brothers in Shechem and said to them and to all his mother’s clan, “Ask all the citizens of Shechem, ‘Which is better for you: to have all seventy of Jerub-Baal’s sons rule over you, or just one man?’ Remember, I am your flesh and blood.(C)

When the brothers repeated all this to the citizens of Shechem, they were inclined to follow Abimelek, for they said, “He is related to us.” They gave him seventy shekels[a] of silver from the temple of Baal-Berith,(D) and Abimelek used it to hire reckless scoundrels,(E) who became his followers. He went to his father’s home in Ophrah and on one stone murdered his seventy brothers,(F) the sons of Jerub-Baal. But Jotham,(G) the youngest son of Jerub-Baal, escaped by hiding.(H) Then all the citizens of Shechem and Beth Millo(I) gathered beside the great tree(J) at the pillar in Shechem to crown Abimelek king.

When Jotham(K) was told about this, he climbed up on the top of Mount Gerizim(L) and shouted to them, “Listen to me, citizens of Shechem, so that God may listen to you. One day the trees went out to anoint a king for themselves. They said to the olive tree, ‘Be our king.’

“But the olive tree answered, ‘Should I give up my oil, by which both gods and humans are honored, to hold sway over the trees?’

10 “Next, the trees said to the fig tree, ‘Come and be our king.’

11 “But the fig tree replied, ‘Should I give up my fruit, so good and sweet, to hold sway over the trees?’

12 “Then the trees said to the vine, ‘Come and be our king.’

13 “But the vine answered, ‘Should I give up my wine,(M) which cheers both gods and humans, to hold sway over the trees?’

14 “Finally all the trees said to the thornbush, ‘Come and be our king.’

15 “The thornbush said to the trees, ‘If you really want to anoint me king over you, come and take refuge in my shade;(N) but if not, then let fire come out(O) of the thornbush and consume the cedars of Lebanon!’(P)

16 “Have you acted honorably and in good faith by making Abimelek king? Have you been fair to Jerub-Baal and his family? Have you treated him as he deserves? 17 Remember that my father fought for you and risked(Q) his life to rescue you from the hand of Midian. 18 But today you have revolted against my father’s family. You have murdered his seventy sons(R) on a single stone and have made Abimelek, the son of his female slave, king over the citizens of Shechem because he is related to you. 19 So have you acted honorably and in good faith toward Jerub-Baal and his family today?(S) If you have, may Abimelek be your joy, and may you be his, too! 20 But if you have not, let fire come out(T) from Abimelek and consume you, the citizens of Shechem(U) and Beth Millo,(V) and let fire come out from you, the citizens of Shechem and Beth Millo, and consume Abimelek!”

21 Then Jotham(W) fled, escaping to Beer,(X) and he lived there because he was afraid of his brother Abimelek.

22 After Abimelek had governed Israel three years, 23 God stirred up animosity(Y) between Abimelek and the citizens of Shechem so that they acted treacherously against Abimelek. 24 God did this in order that the crime against Jerub-Baal’s seventy sons,(Z) the shedding(AA) of their blood, might be avenged(AB) on their brother Abimelek and on the citizens of Shechem, who had helped him(AC) murder his brothers. 25 In opposition to him these citizens of Shechem set men on the hilltops to ambush and rob everyone who passed by, and this was reported to Abimelek.

26 Now Gaal son of Ebed(AD) moved with his clan into Shechem, and its citizens put their confidence in him. 27 After they had gone out into the fields and gathered the grapes and trodden(AE) them, they held a festival in the temple of their god.(AF) While they were eating and drinking, they cursed Abimelek. 28 Then Gaal son of Ebed(AG) said, “Who(AH) is Abimelek, and why should we Shechemites be subject to him? Isn’t he Jerub-Baal’s son, and isn’t Zebul his deputy? Serve the family of Hamor,(AI) Shechem’s father! Why should we serve Abimelek? 29 If only this people were under my command!(AJ) Then I would get rid of him. I would say to Abimelek, ‘Call out your whole army!’”[b](AK)

30 When Zebul the governor of the city heard what Gaal son of Ebed said, he was very angry. 31 Under cover he sent messengers to Abimelek, saying, “Gaal son of Ebed and his clan have come to Shechem and are stirring up the city against you. 32 Now then, during the night you and your men should come and lie in wait(AL) in the fields. 33 In the morning at sunrise, advance against the city. When Gaal and his men come out against you, seize the opportunity to attack them.(AM)

34 So Abimelek and all his troops set out by night and took up concealed positions near Shechem in four companies. 35 Now Gaal son of Ebed had gone out and was standing at the entrance of the city gate(AN) just as Abimelek and his troops came out from their hiding place.(AO)

36 When Gaal saw them, he said to Zebul, “Look, people are coming down from the tops of the mountains!”

Zebul replied, “You mistake the shadows of the mountains for men.”

37 But Gaal spoke up again: “Look, people are coming down from the central hill,[c] and a company is coming from the direction of the diviners’ tree.”

38 Then Zebul said to him, “Where is your big talk now, you who said, ‘Who is Abimelek that we should be subject to him?’ Aren’t these the men you ridiculed?(AP) Go out and fight them!”

39 So Gaal led out[d] the citizens of Shechem and fought Abimelek. 40 Abimelek chased him all the way to the entrance of the gate, and many were killed as they fled. 41 Then Abimelek stayed in Arumah, and Zebul drove Gaal and his clan out of Shechem.

42 The next day the people of Shechem went out to the fields, and this was reported to Abimelek. 43 So he took his men, divided them into three companies(AQ) and set an ambush(AR) in the fields. When he saw the people coming out of the city, he rose to attack them. 44 Abimelek and the companies with him rushed forward to a position at the entrance of the city gate. Then two companies attacked those in the fields and struck them down. 45 All that day Abimelek pressed his attack against the city until he had captured it and killed its people. Then he destroyed the city(AS) and scattered salt(AT) over it.

46 On hearing this, the citizens in the tower of Shechem went into the stronghold of the temple(AU) of El-Berith. 47 When Abimelek heard that they had assembled there, 48 he and all his men went up Mount Zalmon.(AV) He took an ax and cut off some branches, which he lifted to his shoulders. He ordered the men with him, “Quick! Do what you have seen me do!” 49 So all the men cut branches and followed Abimelek. They piled them against the stronghold and set it on fire with the people still inside. So all the people in the tower of Shechem, about a thousand men and women, also died.

50 Next Abimelek went to Thebez(AW) and besieged it and captured it. 51 Inside the city, however, was a strong tower, to which all the men and women—all the people of the city—had fled. They had locked themselves in and climbed up on the tower roof. 52 Abimelek went to the tower and attacked it. But as he approached the entrance to the tower to set it on fire, 53 a woman dropped an upper millstone on his head and cracked his skull.(AX)

54 Hurriedly he called to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and kill me,(AY) so that they can’t say, ‘A woman killed him.’” So his servant ran him through, and he died. 55 When the Israelites saw that Abimelek was dead, they went home.

56 Thus God repaid the wickedness that Abimelek had done to his father by murdering his seventy brothers. 57 God also made the people of Shechem pay for all their wickedness.(AZ) The curse of Jotham(BA) son of Jerub-Baal came on them.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 9:4 That is, about 1 3/4 pounds or about 800 grams
  2. Judges 9:29 Septuagint; Hebrew him.” Then he said to Abimelek, “Call out your whole army!”
  3. Judges 9:37 The Hebrew for this phrase means the navel of the earth.
  4. Judges 9:39 Or Gaal went out in the sight of