Jozua 24
BasisBijbel
Vernieuwing van het verbond met God bij Sichem
24 Jozua liet alle leiders, familiehoofden en rechters van alle stammen van Israël naar Sichem komen. Ze kwamen allemaal bij de Heer staan. 2 En Jozua zei tegen hen: "Dit zegt de Heer, de God van Israël: 'Jullie voorvaders hebben vroeger aan de overkant van de Rivier de Eufraat gewoond. Ook Terach, de vader van Abraham en Nahor. Zij dienden daar andere goden. 3 Maar Ik nam jullie voorvader Abraham mee naar deze kant van de Rivier en bracht hem naar het land Kanaän. Hij trok door het hele land. Ik gaf hem een zoon: Izaäk. 4 En aan Izaäk gaf Ik twee zonen: Jakob en Ezau. Ezau kreeg van Mij de bergen van Seïr als eigen gebied. Jakob en zijn zonen trokken naar Egypte. 5 Later stuurde Ik Mozes en Aäron daarheen en strafte Egypte. Ik bevrijdde jullie voorouders uit Egypte. 6 Toen ze bij de Rietzee kwamen, werden ze door de Egyptenaren met strijdwagens en ruiters achtervolgd. 7 Ze riepen Mij om hulp. Toen zorgde Ik ervoor dat er een zwarte wolk hing tussen hen en de Egyptenaren. En Ik zorgde ervoor dat de Egyptenaren door de zee werden weggespoeld. Jullie hebben gezien wat Ik met Egypte heb gedaan. Daarna hebben jullie lange tijd in de woestijn gewoond. 8 Ik bracht jullie in het land van de Amorieten, die aan de overkant van de Jordaan woonden. Toen zij jullie aanvielen, zorgde Ik ervoor dat jullie hen overwonnen. Ik vernietigde hen voor jullie en jullie veroverden hun land.
9 Toen maakte koning Balak van Moab zich klaar voor de strijd tegen Israël. Hij liet Bileam komen om jullie te vervloeken. 10 Maar Ik wilde niet naar Bileam luisteren. Ik zorgde ervoor dat hij jullie zegende in plaats van vervloekte. Zo redde Ik jullie uit zijn macht.
11 Toen jullie de Jordaan waren overgestoken en bij Jericho kwamen, moesten jullie Jericho veroveren. Ook moesten jullie strijden tegen de bewoners van het land: de Amorieten, de Perezieten, de Kanaänieten, de Hetieten, de Girgasieten, de Hevieten en de Jebusieten. Maar Ik zorgde ervoor dat jullie hen overwonnen. 12 Ik stuurde grote wespen voor jullie uit die hen voor jullie wegjoegen. Zo moesten de twee koningen van de Amorieten vluchten. Ze zijn dus niet gevlucht voor jullie wapens! 13 Zo heb Ik jullie een land gegeven dat jullie niet hadden bewerkt, en steden die jullie niet hadden gebouwd. Jullie eten druiven en olijven van wijngaarden en olijfbomen die jullie niet hebben geplant.'
14 Heb dus diep ontzag voor de Heer. Dien Hem eerlijk en trouw. Doe de afgoden weg die jullie voorvaders aan de overkant van de Rivier en in Egypte hebben gediend. Dien alleen de Heer. 15 Als jullie denken dat het verkeerd is om de Heer te dienen, kies dan vandaag wie jullie wél willen dienen. De goden die jullie voorvaders aan de overkant van de Rivier aanbaden, of de goden van de Amorieten van het land hier. Maar ík en mijn familie zullen de Heer dienen!"
16 Toen antwoordde het volk: "Nee, we zullen de Heer niet verlaten! We zullen heus geen andere goden gaan dienen. 17 Want de Heer is onze God. Hij heeft ons en onze voorouders bevrijd uit de slavernij in Egypte. We hebben met onze eigen ogen gezien wat voor grote wonderen Hij heeft gedaan. Hij heeft ons op onze hele reis beschermd tegen de volken waarmee we onderweg te maken kregen. 18 De Heer heeft alle volken en de Amorieten die hier woonden voor ons weggejaagd. Ook wij zullen de Heer dienen, want Hij is onze God."
19 Maar Jozua zei: "Jullie kunnen de Heer helemaal niet dienen, want Hij is een heilig God. Hij is een jaloers God en Hij wil niet dat jullie andere goden aanbidden. Hij zal het jullie niet vergeven als jullie Hem ongehoorzaam zijn. 20 Als jullie de Heer verlaten en andere goden gaan dienen, dan zal Hij voortaan tégen jullie zijn. Dan zal Hij jullie kwaad doen en jullie vernietigen, ook al was Hij eerst zo goed voor jullie." 21 Maar het volk antwoordde: "Nee, we zullen de Heer dienen." 22 Toen zei Jozua: "Jullie hebben er nu dus voor gekozen om de Heer te dienen. Jullie zijn er zelf getuige van." Zij antwoordden: "Ja, zo is het!"
23 Jozua zei: "Doe dan nu alle afgoden weg die jullie nog hebben. Verlang er met je hele hart naar om de Heer te gehoorzamen, de God van Israël." 24 En het volk antwoordde: "We zullen alleen onze Heer God dienen. We zullen altijd doen wat Hij zegt."
25 Die dag sloot Jozua in Sichem een verbond met het volk en maakte hij wetten voor hen. 26 Jozua schreef die op in het wetboek van God. En onder de eik bij het heiligdom van de Heer zette hij een grote steen overeind. 27 En Jozua zei: "Deze steen is voor ons een teken: hij is onze getuige. Hij heeft alles gehoord wat de Heer tegen ons heeft gezegd. Deze steen zal jullie daaraan herinneren. Daardoor zullen jullie trouw blijven aan jullie God."
28 Toen liet Jozua hen vertrekken, ieder naar zijn eigen gebied.
De dood van Jozua en Eleazar
29 Hierna stierf Jozua, de dienaar van de Heer. Hij was 110 jaar. 30 Hij werd begraven in zijn eigen gebied, bij Timnat-Serach. Dat ligt in de bergen van Efraïm, ten noorden van de berg Gaäs.
31 Zolang Jozua leefde, diende Israël de Heer trouw. Ook nog zolang de leiders leefden die zelf hadden gezien wat de Heer allemaal voor Israël had gedaan.
32 Het lichaam van Jozef, dat de Israëlieten uit Egypte hadden meegenomen, werd begraven bij Sichem. Ze legden het in het veld dat Jakob voor 100 zilverstukken had gekocht van de zonen van Hemor, de vader van Sichem.[a] Dat veld lag in het gebied dat de stam van Jozef had gekregen.
33 Ook Eleazar, de zoon van Aäron, stierf. Hij werd begraven op de heuvel die zijn zoon Pinehas had gekregen, in de bergen van Efraïm.
Footnotes
- Jozua 24:32 Lees Genesis 23.
Joshua 24
New English Translation
Israel Renews its Commitment to the Lord
24 Joshua assembled all the Israelite tribes at Shechem. He summoned Israel’s elders, rulers, judges, and leaders, and they appeared before God. 2 Joshua told all the people, “This is what the Lord God of Israel has said: ‘In the distant past your ancestors lived beyond the Euphrates River,[a] including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor. They worshiped[b] other gods, 3 but I took your father Abraham from beyond the Euphrates[c] and brought him into[d] the entire land of Canaan. I made his descendants numerous; I gave him Isaac, 4 and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. To Esau I assigned Mount Seir,[e] while Jacob and his sons went down to Egypt. 5 I sent Moses and Aaron, and I struck Egypt down when I intervened in their land.[f] Then I brought you out. 6 When I brought your fathers out of Egypt, you arrived at the sea. The Egyptians chased your fathers with chariots and horsemen to the Red Sea. 7 Your fathers[g] cried out for help to the Lord; he made the area between you and the Egyptians dark,[h] and then he drowned them in the sea.[i] You witnessed with your very own eyes[j] what I did in Egypt. You lived in the wilderness for a long time.[k] 8 Then I brought you to the land of the Amorites who lived east of the Jordan. They fought with you, but I handed them over to you; you conquered[l] their land, and I destroyed them from before you. 9 Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, launched an attack[m] against Israel. He summoned[n] Balaam son of Beor to call down judgment on[o] you. 10 I refused to respond to Balaam; he kept[p] prophesying good things about[q] you, and I rescued you from his power.[r] 11 You crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. The leaders[s] of Jericho, as well as the Amorites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites, and Jebusites, fought with you, but I handed them over to you. 12 I sent terror[t] ahead of you to drive out before you the two[u] Amorite kings. I gave you the victory; it was not by your swords or bows.[v] 13 I gave you a land in[w] which you had not worked hard; you took up residence in cities you did not build, and you are eating the produce of[x] vineyards and olive groves you did not plant.’
14 “Now[y] obey[z] the Lord and worship[aa] him with integrity and loyalty. Put aside the gods your ancestors[ab] worshiped[ac] beyond the Euphrates[ad] and in Egypt, and worship[ae] the Lord. 15 If you have no desire[af] to worship[ag] the Lord, then choose today whom you will worship,[ah] whether it be the gods whom your ancestors[ai] worshiped[aj] beyond the Euphrates,[ak] or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you are living. But I and my family[al] will worship[am] the Lord.”
16 The people responded, “Far be it from us to abandon the Lord so we can[an] worship[ao] other gods! 17 For the Lord our God took us and our fathers out of slavery[ap] in the land of Egypt[aq] and performed these awesome miracles[ar] before our very eyes. He continually protected us as we traveled and when we passed through nations.[as] 18 The Lord drove out from before us all the nations, including the Amorites who lived in the land. So we too will worship[at] the Lord, for he is our God!”
19 Joshua warned[au] the people, “You will not keep worshiping[av] the Lord, for[aw] he is a holy God.[ax] He is a jealous God who will not forgive[ay] your rebellion or your sins. 20 If[az] you abandon the Lord and worship[ba] foreign gods, he will turn against you;[bb] he will bring disaster on you and destroy you,[bc] though he once treated you well.”[bd]
21 The people said to Joshua, “No! We really will[be] worship[bf] the Lord.” 22 Joshua said to the people, “Do you agree to be witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen to worship the Lord?”[bg] They replied, “We are witnesses!”[bh] 23 Joshua said,[bi] “Now put aside the foreign gods that are among you and submit to[bj] the Lord God of Israel.”
24 The people said to Joshua, “We will worship[bk] the Lord our God and obey him.”[bl]
25 That day Joshua drew up an agreement[bm] for the people, and he established rules and regulations[bn] for them in Shechem. 26 Joshua wrote these words in the Law Scroll of God. He then took a large stone and set it up there under the oak tree near the Lord’s sanctuary. 27 Joshua said to all the people, “Look, this stone will be a witness against us, for it has heard everything the Lord said to us.[bo] It will be a witness against you if[bp] you deny your God.” 28 When Joshua dismissed the people, they went to their allotted portions of land.[bq]
An Era Ends
29 After all this[br] Joshua son of Nun, the Lord’s servant, died at the age of 110. 30 They buried him in his allotted territory[bs] in Timnath Serah in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 31 Israel worshiped[bt] the Lord throughout Joshua’s lifetime and as long as the elderly men who outlived him remained alive.[bu] These men had experienced firsthand everything the Lord had done for Israel.[bv]
32 The bones of Joseph, which the Israelites had brought up from Egypt, were buried at Shechem in the part of the field that Jacob bought from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem, for 100 pieces of money.[bw] So it became the inheritance of the tribe of Joseph.[bx]
33 Eleazar son of Aaron died, and they buried him in Gibeah in the hill country of Ephraim, where his son Phinehas had been assigned land.[by]
Footnotes
- Joshua 24:2 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Joshua 24:2 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:3 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Joshua 24:3 tn Or “through.”
- Joshua 24:4 tn Heb “I gave to Esau Mount Seir to possess it.”
- Joshua 24:5 tn Heb “by that which I did in its midst.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the fathers) has been specified in the translation for clarity (see the previous verse).
- Joshua 24:7 tn Or “put darkness between you and the Egyptians.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “and he brought over them the sea and covered them.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “your eyes saw.”
- Joshua 24:7 tn Heb “many days.”
- Joshua 24:8 tn Or “took possession of.”
- Joshua 24:9 tn Heb “arose and fought.”
- Joshua 24:9 tn Heb “sent and called.”
- Joshua 24:9 tn Or “to curse.”
- Joshua 24:10 tn The infinitive absolute follows the finite verb in the Hebrew text and indicates continuation or repetition of the action. Balaam pronounced several oracles of blessing over Israel (see Num 23-24).
- Joshua 24:10 tn Heb “blessing.” Balaam’s “blessings” were actually prophecies of how God would prosper Israel.
- Joshua 24:10 tn Heb “hand.”
- Joshua 24:11 tn Or perhaps, “citizens.”
- Joshua 24:12 tn Traditionally, “the hornet” (so KJV, NKJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV) but the precise meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain (cf. NEB “panic”).
- Joshua 24:12 tn The LXX has “twelve,” apparently understanding this as a reference to Amorite kings west of the Jordan (see Josh 5:1, rather than the trans-Jordanian Amorite kings Sihon and Og (see Josh 2:10; 9:10).
- Joshua 24:12 tn Heb “and it drove them out from before you, the two kings of the Amorites, not by your sword and not by your bow.” The words “I gave you the victory” are supplied for clarification.
- Joshua 24:13 tn Or perhaps, “for.”
- Joshua 24:13 tn The words “the produce of” are supplied for clarification.
- Joshua 24:14 sn Joshua quotes the Lord’s words in vv. 2b-13 (note that the Lord speaks in the first person in these verses); in vv. 14-15 Joshua himself exhorts the people (note the third person references to the Lord).
- Joshua 24:14 tn Heb “fear.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Or “and serve.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Heb “your fathers.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:14 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity; see v. 3.
- Joshua 24:14 tn Or “and serve.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “if it is bad in your eyes.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “to serve.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “your fathers.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “the river,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity; see v. 3.
- Joshua 24:15 tn Heb “house.”
- Joshua 24:15 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:16 tn Heb “to.”
- Joshua 24:16 tn Or “can serve.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Heb “of the house of slavery.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Heb “for the Lord our God, he is the one who brought up us and our fathers from the land of Egypt, from the house of slaves.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Or “great signs.”
- Joshua 24:17 tn Heb “and he guarded us in all the way in which we walked and among all the peoples through whose midst we passed.”
- Joshua 24:18 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:19 tn Heb “said to.”
- Joshua 24:19 tn Heb “you are not able to serve.”
- Joshua 24:19 sn For an excellent discussion of Joshua’s logical argument here, see T. C. Butler, Joshua (WBC), 274-75.
- Joshua 24:19 tn In the Hebrew text both the divine name (אֱלֹהִים, ʾelohim) and the adjective (קְדֹשִׁים, qedoshim, “holy”) are plural. Normally the divine name, when referring to the one true God, takes singular modifiers, but this is a rare exception where the adjective agrees grammatically with the honorific plural noun. See GKC §124.i and IBHS 122.
- Joshua 24:19 tn Heb “lift up” or “take away.”sn This assertion obviously needs qualification, for the OT elsewhere affirms that God does forgive. Joshua is referring to the persistent national rebellion against the Mosaic covenant that eventually causes God to decree unconditionally the nation’s exile.
- Joshua 24:20 tn Or “when.”
- Joshua 24:20 tn Or “and serve.”
- Joshua 24:20 tn The words “against you” are added for clarification.
- Joshua 24:20 tn Heb “bring you to an end.”
- Joshua 24:20 tn Heb “after he did good for you.”
- Joshua 24:21 tn The translation assumes that כִּי (ki) is emphatic. Another option is to take it as explanatory, “No, for we will….”
- Joshua 24:21 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:22 tn Heb “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen for yourselves the Lord to serve him.”
- Joshua 24:22 sn Like witnesses in a court of law, Israel’s solemn vow to worship the Lord will testify against them in the divine court if the nation ever violates its commitment.
- Joshua 24:23 tn The words “Joshua said” are supplied for clarification.
- Joshua 24:23 tn Heb “bend your heart toward.” The term לֵבָב (levav, “heart”) probably here refers to the people’s volition or will.
- Joshua 24:24 tn Or “will serve.”
- Joshua 24:24 tn Heb “and listen to his voice.”
- Joshua 24:25 tn Heb “cut a covenant.”
- Joshua 24:25 tn Heb “a statute and a judgment.”
- Joshua 24:27 tn Heb “all the words of the Lord which he spoke with us.”
- Joshua 24:27 tn Or “lest,” “so that you might not.”
- Joshua 24:28 tn Heb “And Joshua sent the people away, each to his inheritance.”
- Joshua 24:29 tn Heb “after these things.”
- Joshua 24:30 tn Heb “in the territory of his inheritance.”
- Joshua 24:31 tn Or “served.”
- Joshua 24:31 tn Heb “all the days of Joshua and all the days of the elders who outlived him.”
- Joshua 24:31 tn Heb “who knew all the work of the Lord which he had done for Israel.”
- Joshua 24:32 tn Heb “one hundred qesitahs.” The Hebrew word קְשִׂיטָה (qesitah) is generally understood to refer to a unit of money, but the value and/or weight is unknown. The word occurs only here and in Gen 33:19 and Job 42:11.
- Joshua 24:32 tn Heb “and they became for the sons of Joseph an inheritance.” One might think “bones” is the subject of the verb “they became,” but the verb is masculine, while “bones” is feminine. The translation follows the emendation suggested in the BHS note, which appeals to the Syriac and Vulgate for support. The emended reading understands “the part (of the field)” as the subject of the verb “became.” The emended verb is feminine singular; this agrees with “the part” (of the field), which is feminine in Hebrew.
- Joshua 24:33 tn Heb “in Gibeah of Phinehas, his son, which had been given to him in the hill country of Ephraim.”
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