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诸王会盟谋攻以色列人

约旦河西住山地、高原,并对着黎巴嫩山沿大海一带的诸王,就是人、亚摩利人、迦南人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人的诸王,听见这事, 就都聚集,同心合意地要与约书亚以色列人争战。

基遍人设诡计

基遍的居民听见约书亚耶利哥城所行的事, 就设诡计,假充使者,拿旧口袋和破裂缝补的旧皮酒袋驮在驴上, 将补过的旧鞋穿在脚上,把旧衣服穿在身上。他们所带的饼都是干的,长了霉了。 他们到吉甲营中见约书亚,对他和以色列人说:“我们是从远方来的,现在求你与我们立约。” 以色列人对这些希未人说:“只怕你们是住在我们中间的,若是这样,怎能和你们立约呢?” 他们对约书亚说:“我们是你的仆人。”约书亚问他们说:“你们是什么人?是从哪里来的?” 他们回答说:“仆人从极远之地而来,是因听见耶和华你神的名声和他在埃及所行的一切事, 10 并他向约旦河东的两个亚摩利王,就是希实本西宏和在亚斯他录巴珊一切所行的事。 11 我们的长老和我们那地的一切居民对我们说:“你们手里要带着路上用的食物去迎接以色列人,对他们说:‘我们是你们的仆人,现在求你们与我们立约。’ 12 我们出来要往你们这里来的日子,从家里带出来的这饼还是热的,看哪,现在都干了,长了霉了。 13 这皮酒袋,我们盛酒的时候还是新的,看哪,现在已经破裂。我们这衣服和鞋,因为道路甚远,也都穿旧了。” 14 以色列人受了他们些食物,并没有求问耶和华。 15 于是约书亚与他们讲和,与他们立约,容他们活着。会众的首领也向他们起誓。

奴役基遍人

16 以色列人与他们立约之后,过了三天才听见他们是近邻,住在以色列人中间的。 17 以色列人起行,第三天到了他们的城邑,就是基遍基非拉比录基列耶琳 18 因为会众的首领已经指着耶和华以色列的神向他们起誓,所以以色列人不击杀他们。全会众就向首领发怨言。 19 众首领对全会众说:“我们已经指着耶和华以色列的神向他们起誓,现在我们不能害他们。 20 我们要如此待他们,容他们活着,免得有愤怒因我们所起的誓临到我们身上。” 21 首领又对会众说:“要容他们活着。”于是他们为全会众做了劈柴挑水的人,正如首领对他们所说的话。

22 约书亚召了他们来,对他们说:“为什么欺哄我们说我们离你们甚远呢?其实你们是住在我们中间。 23 现在你们是被咒诅的。你们中间的人必断不了做奴仆,为我神的殿做劈柴挑水的人。” 24 他们回答约书亚说:“因为有人实在告诉你的仆人,耶和华你的神曾吩咐他的仆人摩西,把这全地赐给你们,并在你们面前灭绝这地的一切居民,所以我们为你们的缘故甚怕丧命,就行了这事。 25 现在我们在你手中,你以怎样待我们为善为正,就怎样做吧!” 26 于是约书亚这样待他们,救他们脱离以色列人的手,以色列人就没有杀他们。 27 当日约书亚使他们在耶和华所要选择的地方,为会众和耶和华的坛做劈柴挑水的人,直到今日。

Het plan van de bewoners van Gibeon

Alle koningen aan de westkant van de Jordaan, in de bergen, in de vlakte en langs de hele kust van de Grote Zee tot aan de Libanon, hoorden wat er was gebeurd. Dat waren de koningen van de Hetieten, de Amorieten, de Kanaänieten, de Perezieten, de Hevieten en de Jebusieten. Ze besloten met elkaar een verbond te sluiten om samen tegen Jozua te strijden.

Ook de Hevietische bewoners uit Gibeon hoorden wat Jozua met Jericho en Ai had gedaan. Daarom bedachten ook zij een slim plan. Ze stuurden boodschappers naar Jozua. Op hun ezels laadden ze oude, versleten tassen. En versleten wijnzakken die gescheurd en weer gerepareerd waren. Ook trokken ze kapotte schoenen en versleten kleren aan. En ze namen uitgedroogd, beschimmeld brood mee voor onderweg. Zo gingen ze naar Jozua in het tentenkamp in Gilgal. Ze zeiden tegen hem en de leiders van Israël: "Wij zijn uit een ver land gekomen. We komen jullie vragen of jullie een verbond met ons willen sluiten." Maar ze antwoordden de Hevieten: "Misschien wonen jullie wel hier in de buurt. Dan kunnen we geen verbond met jullie sluiten." Ze zeiden tegen Jozua: "Jullie mogen ons alles vragen." Toen vroeg Jozua hun: "Wie zijn jullie en waar komen jullie vandaan?" Ze antwoordden: "We zijn uit een ver land gekomen, omdat we daar over jullie Heer God hoorden. We hebben gehoord wat Hij in Egypte heeft gedaan. 10 Ook wat Hij later met de twee koningen van de Amorieten aan de oostkant van de Jordaan heeft gedaan: met koning Sihon uit Hesbon en koning Og van Bazan uit Astarot. 11 Daarom zeiden onze leiders en de bewoners van ons land tegen ons: 'Ga naar hen toe en vraag of ze een verbond met ons willen sluiten. Neem eten mee voor onderweg.' 12 Ons brood was warm en vers op de dag dat we vertrokken. En kijk, nu is het droog en beschimmeld. 13 En onze wijnzakken waren nieuw toen we ze vulden. En kijk, nu zijn ze gescheurd. En onze kleren en schoenen zijn onderweg helemaal versleten. Zó lang hebben we gereisd." 14 Toen aten de Israëlieten met hen van het brood dat die mannen bij zich hadden als teken van vriendschap. Maar ze hadden niet eerst aan de Heer om raad gevraagd. 15 Jozua sloot vriendschap met hen. Hij sloot met hen een verbond: hij beloofde hun dat hij hen en hun volk in leven zou laten. De leiders van het volk zwoeren het hun met een eed.

16 Maar drie dagen nadat ze het verbond gesloten hadden, ontdekten ze dat de mannen vlak in de buurt woonden. 17 De Israëlieten waren namelijk verder getrokken en bereikten op de derde dag de steden waar die mannen vandaan kwamen: Gibeon, Kefira, Beërot en Kirjat-Jearim. 18 Maar ze doodden hen niet, omdat de leiders van het volk bij de Heer God hadden gezworen dat ze hen in leven zouden laten. Toen was het hele volk boos op de leiders. 19 Maar de leiders antwoordden: "We hebben bij de Heer, de God van Israël, gezworen dat we hun niets zouden doen. Daarom kunnen we hen niet doden. 20 We moeten hen wel in leven laten. Als we dat niet doen, zal God woedend op ons zijn omdat we ons niet aan onze eed hebben gehouden. 21 Jullie mogen hen dus niet doden." En de leiders besloten dat de bewoners van Gibeon voortaan houthakkers en waterdragers voor de Israëlieten zouden zijn. 22 Jozua liet hen bij zich komen en zei tegen hen: "Waarom hebben jullie ons bedrogen? Waarom hebben jullie gezegd dat jullie ver weg wonen, terwijl jullie vlak bij ons wonen? 23 Omdat jullie dat gedaan hebben, vervloek ik jullie. Jullie zullen voor altijd onze knechten zijn. Voortaan zullen jullie houthakkers en waterdragers voor het heiligdom van mijn God zijn." 24 Ze antwoordden Jozua: "Er was ons duidelijk verteld wat jullie Heer God aan zijn dienaar Mozes bevolen had: dat Hij het hele land aan jullie zou geven en alle bewoners van het land zou doden.[a] Daarom waren we bang dat jullie ons zouden doden. En daarom hebben we dit gedaan. 25 Hier zijn we. We zijn in jullie macht. Doe met ons wat jullie willen." 26 Toen beschermde Jozua hen tegen de andere Israëlieten, zodat ze niet gedood werden. 27 Vanaf die dag waren ze houthakkers en waterdragers voor het volk en voor het heiligdom van de Heer in de plaats die Hij zou uitkiezen. En dat zijn ze nog steeds.

The Gibeonite Deception

Now when all the kings west of the Jordan heard about these things—the kings in the hill country,(A) in the western foothills, and along the entire coast of the Mediterranean Sea(B) as far as Lebanon(C) (the kings of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites,(D) Hivites(E) and Jebusites)(F) they came together to wage war against Joshua and Israel.

However, when the people of Gibeon(G) heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and Ai,(H) they resorted to a ruse: They went as a delegation whose donkeys were loaded[a] with worn-out sacks and old wineskins, cracked and mended. They put worn and patched sandals on their feet and wore old clothes. All the bread of their food supply was dry and moldy. Then they went to Joshua in the camp at Gilgal(I) and said to him and the Israelites, “We have come from a distant country;(J) make a treaty(K) with us.”

The Israelites said to the Hivites,(L) “But perhaps you live near us, so how can we make a treaty(M) with you?”

“We are your servants,(N)” they said to Joshua.

But Joshua asked, “Who are you and where do you come from?”

They answered: “Your servants have come from a very distant country(O) because of the fame of the Lord your God. For we have heard reports(P) of him: all that he did in Egypt,(Q) 10 and all that he did to the two kings of the Amorites east of the Jordan—Sihon king of Heshbon,(R) and Og king of Bashan,(S) who reigned in Ashtaroth.(T) 11 And our elders and all those living in our country said to us, ‘Take provisions for your journey; go and meet them and say to them, “We are your servants; make a treaty with us.”’ 12 This bread of ours was warm when we packed it at home on the day we left to come to you. But now see how dry and moldy it is. 13 And these wineskins that we filled were new, but see how cracked they are. And our clothes and sandals are worn out by the very long journey.”

14 The Israelites sampled their provisions but did not inquire(U) of the Lord. 15 Then Joshua made a treaty of peace(V) with them to let them live,(W) and the leaders of the assembly ratified it by oath.

16 Three days after they made the treaty with the Gibeonites, the Israelites heard that they were neighbors, living near(X) them. 17 So the Israelites set out and on the third day came to their cities: Gibeon, Kephirah, Beeroth(Y) and Kiriath Jearim.(Z) 18 But the Israelites did not attack them, because the leaders of the assembly had sworn an oath(AA) to them by the Lord, the God of Israel.

The whole assembly grumbled(AB) against the leaders, 19 but all the leaders answered, “We have given them our oath by the Lord, the God of Israel, and we cannot touch them now. 20 This is what we will do to them: We will let them live, so that God’s wrath will not fall on us for breaking the oath(AC) we swore to them.” 21 They continued, “Let them live,(AD) but let them be woodcutters and water carriers(AE) in the service of the whole assembly.” So the leaders’ promise to them was kept.

22 Then Joshua summoned the Gibeonites and said, “Why did you deceive us by saying, ‘We live a long way(AF) from you,’ while actually you live near(AG) us? 23 You are now under a curse:(AH) You will never be released from service as woodcutters and water carriers for the house of my God.”

24 They answered Joshua, “Your servants were clearly told(AI) how the Lord your God had commanded his servant Moses to give you the whole land and to wipe out all its inhabitants from before you. So we feared for our lives because of you, and that is why we did this. 25 We are now in your hands.(AJ) Do to us whatever seems good and right(AK) to you.”

26 So Joshua saved them from the Israelites, and they did not kill them. 27 That day he made the Gibeonites(AL) woodcutters and water carriers(AM) for the assembly, to provide for the needs of the altar of the Lord at the place the Lord would choose.(AN) And that is what they are to this day.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 9:4 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts, Vulgate and Syriac (see also Septuagint) They prepared provisions and loaded their donkeys

The Treaty with the Gibeonites

And it came to pass when (A)all the kings who were on this side of the Jordan, in the hills and in the lowland and in all the coasts of (B)the Great Sea toward Lebanon—(C)the Hittite, the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite—heard about it, that they (D)gathered together to fight with Joshua and Israel with one [a]accord.

But when the inhabitants of (E)Gibeon (F)heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and Ai, they worked craftily, and went and [b]pretended to be ambassadors. And they took old sacks on their donkeys, old wineskins torn and [c]mended, old and patched sandals on their feet, and old garments on themselves; and all the bread of their provision was dry and moldy. And they went to Joshua, (G)to the camp at Gilgal, and said to him and to the men of Israel, “We have come from a far country; now therefore, make a [d]covenant with us.”

Then the men of Israel said to the (H)Hivites, “Perhaps you dwell among us; so (I)how can we make a covenant with you?”

But they said to Joshua, (J)“We are your servants.”

And Joshua said to them, “Who are you, and where do you come from?”

So they said to him: (K)“From a very far country your servants have come, because of the name of the Lord your God; for we have (L)heard of His fame, and all that He did in Egypt, 10 and (M)all that He did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan—to Sihon king of Heshbon, and Og king of Bashan, who was at Ashtaroth. 11 Therefore our elders and all the inhabitants of our country spoke to us, saying, ‘Take provisions with you for the journey, and go to meet them, and say to them, “We are your servants; now therefore, make a covenant with us.” ’ 12 This bread of ours we took hot for our provision from our houses on the day we departed to come to you. But now look, it is dry and moldy. 13 And these wineskins which we filled were new, and see, they are torn; and these our garments and our sandals have become old because of the very long journey.”

14 Then the men of Israel took some of their provisions; (N)but they [e]did not ask counsel of the Lord. 15 So Joshua (O)made peace with them, and made a covenant with them to let them live; and the rulers of the congregation swore to them.

16 And it happened at the end of three days, after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were their neighbors who dwelt near them. 17 Then the children of Israel journeyed and came to their cities on the third day. Now their cities were (P)Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kirjath Jearim. 18 But the children of Israel did not [f]attack them, (Q)because the rulers of the congregation had sworn to them by the Lord God of Israel. And all the congregation complained against the rulers.

19 Then all the rulers said to all the congregation, “We have sworn to them by the Lord God of Israel; now therefore, we may not touch them. 20 This we will do to them: We will let them live, lest (R)wrath be upon us because of the oath which we swore to them.” 21 And the rulers said to them, “Let them live, but let them be (S)woodcutters and water carriers for all the congregation, as the rulers had (T)promised them.”

22 Then Joshua called for them, and he spoke to them, saying, “Why have you deceived us, saying, (U)‘We are very far from you,’ when (V)you dwell near us? 23 Now therefore, you are (W)cursed, and none of you shall be freed from being slaves—woodcutters and water carriers for the house of my God.”

24 So they answered Joshua and said, “Because your servants were clearly told that the Lord your God (X)commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore (Y)we were very much afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing. 25 And now, here we are, (Z)in your hands; do with us as it seems good and right to do to us.” 26 So he did to them, and delivered them out of the hand of the children of Israel, so that they did not kill them. 27 And that day Joshua made them (AA)woodcutters and water carriers for the congregation and for the altar of the Lord, (AB)in the place which He would choose, even to this day.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 9:2 Lit. mouth
  2. Joshua 9:4 acted as envoys
  3. Joshua 9:4 Lit. tied up
  4. Joshua 9:6 treaty
  5. Joshua 9:14 Lit. did not inquire at the mouth of
  6. Joshua 9:18 strike