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Josué 5
Dios Habla Hoy

El campamento en Guilgal

5 Todos los reyes amorreos que estaban en el lado oeste del Jordán, y los reyes cananeos que estaban cerca del mar Mediterráneo, supieron que el Señor había secado el agua del río Jordán mientras los israelitas lo cruzaban, y les dio mucho miedo, y no se atrevían a hacer frente a los israelitas.

2 Fue entonces cuando el Señor le dijo a Josué: «Haz unos cuchillos de piedra, y vuelve a circuncidar a los israelitas.»

3 Josué hizo los cuchillos, y circuncidó a los hombres israelitas en el monte de Aralot. 4 Los circuncidó porque todos los hombres que estaban en edad militar cuando salieron de Egipto ya habían muerto por el camino, en el desierto. 5 Y aunque todos los que salieron de Egipto estaban circuncidados, los que nacieron después, por el camino, en el desierto, no lo estaban. 6 Como los israelitas anduvieron cuarenta años por el desierto, ya habían muerto todos los hombres que habían salido de Egipto en edad militar. Esos hombres no obedecieron al Señor, y por eso él les juró que no les dejaría ver la tierra que a sus antepasados había prometido darles, tierra donde la leche y la miel corren como el agua. 7 Por eso Josué circuncidó a los hijos de aquellos hombres, es decir, a los que el Señor había puesto en lugar de ellos, los cuales no habían sido circuncidados antes porque estaban de camino. 8 Cuando todos estuvieron ya circuncidados, se quedaron descansando en el campamento hasta que sanaron. 9 Entonces el Señor le dijo a Josué: «Con esta circuncisión les he quitado la vergüenza de los egipcios.» Por esta razón, aquel lugar todavía se llama Guilgal.

10 Los israelitas acamparon en Guilgal, y el día catorce del mes, por la tarde, celebraron la Pascua en los llanos de Jericó. 11 Ese mismo día comieron panes sin levadura y trigo tostado, pero al día siguiente comieron ya de lo que la tierra producía. 12 Desde entonces no volvió a haber maná, así que los israelitas se alimentaron aquel año de lo que producía la tierra de Canaán.

Josué y el jefe del ejército del Señor

13 Un día, estando Josué cerca de Jericó, vio delante de él a un hombre con una espada en la mano. Josué se le acercó y le preguntó:

—¿Eres de los nuestros, o de nuestros enemigos?

14 —Ni lo uno ni lo otro —contestó el hombre—. Vengo como jefe del ejército del Señor.

Entonces Josué se inclinó hasta tocar el suelo con la frente, y le preguntó:

—¿Qué le manda mi Señor a este siervo suyo?

15 El jefe del ejército del Señor le contestó:

—Descálzate, porque el lugar donde estás es sagrado.

Y Josué le obedeció.

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Josué 5
Nueva Versión Internacional

5 En efecto, un gran pánico invadió a todos los reyes amorreos que estaban al oeste del Jordán y a los reyes cananeos de la costa del Mediterráneo cuando se enteraron de que el Señor había secado el Jordán para que los israelitas lo cruzaran. ¡No se atrevían a hacerles frente!

La circuncisión

2 En aquel tiempo, el Señor dijo a Josué: «Prepara cuchillos de piedra afilada y vuelve a practicar la circuncisión entre los israelitas». 3 Así que Josué hizo los cuchillos y circuncidó a los varones israelitas en la colina de Aralot.[a]

4 Realizó la ceremonia porque los israelitas en edad militar que habían salido de Egipto ya habían muerto en el desierto. 5 Todos ellos habían sido circuncidados, pero no los que nacieron en el desierto mientras el pueblo peregrinaba después de salir de Egipto. 6 El Señor había prometido a sus antepasados que les daría una tierra donde abundan la leche y la miel. Pero los israelitas que salieron de Egipto no obedecieron al Señor y, por ello, él juró que no verían esa tierra. En consecuencia, deambularon por el desierto durante cuarenta años hasta que murieron todos los varones en edad militar. 7 A los hijos de estos, a quienes Dios puso en lugar de ellos, los circuncidó Josué, pues no habían sido circuncidados durante el viaje. 8 Una vez que todos fueron circuncidados, permanecieron en el campamento hasta que se recuperaron.

9 Luego el Señor dijo a Josué: «Hoy les he quitado de encima la vergüenza de haber sido esclavos en Egipto». Por esa razón, aquel lugar se llama Guilgal[b] hasta el día de hoy.

Celebración de la Pascua

10 Al caer la tarde del día catorce del mes primero, mientras acampaban en la llanura de Jericó, los israelitas celebraron la Pascua. 11 Al día siguiente, después de la Pascua, el pueblo empezó a alimentarse de los productos de la tierra, de panes sin levadura y de trigo tostado. 12 Un día después dejó de caer maná y durante ese año el pueblo se alimentó de los frutos de la tierra de Canaán.

El comandante del ejército del Señor

13 Josué, que acampaba cerca de Jericó, levantó la vista y vio a un hombre de pie frente a él, espada en mano. Josué se acercó y preguntó:

—¿Es usted de los nuestros o del enemigo?

14 —¡De ninguno! —respondió—. Me presento ante ti como comandante del ejército del Señor.

Entonces Josué se postró rostro en tierra y preguntó:

—¿Qué órdenes trae usted, mi Señor, para este siervo suyo?

15 El comandante del ejército del Señor contestó:

—Quítate las sandalias, porque estás pisando tierra santa.

Y Josué obedeció.

Footnotes

  1. 5:3 En hebreo, Aralot significa prepucios.
  2. 5:9 En hebreo, Guilgal suena como el verbo que traducido diría he quitado.
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Joshua 5
King James Version

5 And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, which were on the side of Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, which were by the sea, heard that the Lord had dried up the waters of Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel.

2 At that time the Lord said unto Joshua, Make thee sharp knives, and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time.

3 And Joshua made him sharp knives, and circumcised the children of Israel at the hill of the foreskins.

4 And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: All the people that came out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of war, died in the wilderness by the way, after they came out of Egypt.

5 Now all the people that came out were circumcised: but all the people that were born in the wilderness by the way as they came forth out of Egypt, them they had not circumcised.

6 For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, till all the people that were men of war, which came out of Egypt, were consumed, because they obeyed not the voice of the Lord: unto whom the Lord sware that he would not shew them the land, which the Lord sware unto their fathers that he would give us, a land that floweth with milk and honey.

7 And their children, whom he raised up in their stead, them Joshua circumcised: for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them by the way.

8 And it came to pass, when they had done circumcising all the people, that they abode in their places in the camp, till they were whole.

9 And the Lord said unto Joshua, This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. Wherefore the name of the place is called Gilgal unto this day.

10 And the children of Israel encamped in Gilgal, and kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at even in the plains of Jericho.

11 And they did eat of the old corn of the land on the morrow after the passover, unleavened cakes, and parched corn in the selfsame day.

12 And the manna ceased on the morrow after they had eaten of the old corn of the land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year.

13 And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand: and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries?

14 And he said, Nay; but as captain of the host of the Lord am I now come. And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and did worship, and said unto him, What saith my Lord unto his servant?

15 And the captain of the Lord's host said unto Joshua, Loose thy shoe from off thy foot; for the place whereon thou standest is holy. And Joshua did so.

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Joshua 5
New English Translation

5 When all the Amorite kings on the west side of the Jordan and all the Canaanite kings along the seacoast heard how the Lord had dried up the water of the Jordan before the Israelites while they[a] crossed, they lost their courage and could not even breathe for fear of the Israelites.[b]

A New Generation is Circumcised

2 At that time the Lord told Joshua, “Make flint knives and circumcise the Israelites once again.”[c] 3 So Joshua made flint knives and circumcised the Israelites at the Hill of the Foreskins.[d] 4 This is why Joshua had to circumcise them: All the men old enough to fight when they left Egypt died on the journey through the wilderness after they left Egypt.[e] 5 Now[f] all the men[g] who left were circumcised, but all the sons[h] born on the journey through the wilderness after they left Egypt were uncircumcised. 6 Indeed, for forty years the Israelites traveled through the wilderness until all the men old enough to fight when they left Egypt, the ones who had disobeyed the Lord, died off.[i] For the Lord had sworn a solemn oath to them that he would not let them see the land he had sworn by oath to their ancestors to give them,[j] a land rich in[k] milk and honey. 7 He replaced them with their sons,[l] whom Joshua circumcised. They were uncircumcised; their fathers had not circumcised them along the way. 8 When all the men[m] had been circumcised, they stayed there in the camp until they had healed. 9 The Lord said to Joshua, “Today I have taken away[n] the disgrace[o] of Egypt from you.” So that place is called Gilgal[p] even to this day.

10 So the Israelites camped in Gilgal and celebrated the Passover in the evening of the fourteenth day of the month in the rift valley plains of Jericho.[q] 11 They ate some of the produce of the land the day after the Passover, including unleavened bread and roasted grain.[r] 12 The manna stopped appearing the day they ate[s] some of the produce of the land; the Israelites never ate manna again.[t] They ate from the produce of the land of Canaan that year.

Israel Conquers Jericho

13 When Joshua was near[u] Jericho, he looked up and saw a man standing in front of him holding a drawn sword.[v] Joshua approached him and asked him, “Are you on our side or allied with our enemies?”[w] 14 He answered,[x] “Truly I am the commander of the Lord’s army.[y] Now I have arrived!”[z] Joshua bowed down with his face to the ground[aa] and asked, “What does my master want to say to his servant?” 15 The commander of the Lord’s army answered Joshua, “Remove your sandals from your feet, because the place where you stand is holy.” Joshua did so.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 5:1 tc Another textual tradition has, “while we crossed.”
  2. Joshua 5:1 tn Heb “their heart[s] melted and there was no longer in them breath (or perhaps “spirit”) because of the sons of Israel.”
  3. Joshua 5:2 tn Heb “return, circumcise the sons of Israel a second time.” The Hebrew term שׁוּב (shuv, “return”) is used here in an adverbial sense to indicate the repetition of an action.
  4. Joshua 5:3 tn Or “Gibeath Haaraloth.” This name means “Hill of the Foreskins.” Many modern translations simply give the Hebrew name, although an explanatory note giving the meaning of the name is often included.sn The name given to the place, Hill of the Foreskins was an obvious reminder of this important event.
  5. Joshua 5:4 tn Heb “All the people who went out from Egypt, the males, all the men of war, died in the wilderness in the way when they went out from Egypt.”
  6. Joshua 5:5 tn Or “indeed.”
  7. Joshua 5:5 tn Heb “people.”
  8. Joshua 5:5 tn Heb “all the people.”
  9. Joshua 5:6 tn Heb “all the nation, the men of war who went out from Egypt, who did not listen to the voice of the Lord, came to an end.”
  10. Joshua 5:6 tn Some Hebrew mss, as well as the Syriac version, support this reading. Most ancient witnesses read “us.”
  11. Joshua 5:6 tn Heb “flowing with.”sn The word picture a land rich in milk and honey depicts the land as containing many grazing areas (which would produce milk) and flowering plants (which would support the bees that produced honey).
  12. Joshua 5:7 tn Heb “their sons he raised up in their place.”
  13. Joshua 5:8 tn Heb “nation.”
  14. Joshua 5:9 tn Heb “rolled away.”
  15. Joshua 5:9 sn One might take the disgrace of Egypt as a reference to their uncircumcised condition (see Gen 34:14), but the generation that left Egypt was circumcised (see v. 5). It more likely refers to the disgrace they experienced in Egyptian slavery. When this new generation reached the promised land and renewed their covenantal commitment to the Lord by submitting to the rite of circumcision, the Lord’s deliverance of his people from slavery, which had begun with the plagues and the crossing of the Red Sea, reached its climax. See T. C. Butler, Joshua (WBC), 59.
  16. Joshua 5:9 sn The name Gilgal sounds like the Hebrew verb “roll away” (גַּלַל, galal).
  17. Joshua 5:10 sn This is the area of the rift valley basin in the vicinity of Jericho (see the note at Josh 4:13).
  18. Joshua 5:11 tn The Hebrew text adds, “on this same day.” This is somewhat redundant in English and has not been translated.
  19. Joshua 5:12 tn Heb “the day after, when they ate.” The present translation assumes this means the day after the Passover, though it is possible it refers to the day after they began eating the land’s produce.
  20. Joshua 5:12 tn Heb “and the sons of Israel had no more manna.”
  21. Joshua 5:13 tn Heb “in.”
  22. Joshua 5:13 tn Heb “he lifted up his eyes and looked. And look, a man was standing in front of him, and his sword was drawn in his hand.” The verb הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) invites the reader to view the scene through Joshua’s eyes. By calling the stranger “a man,” the author reflects Joshua’s perspective. The text shortly reveals his true identity (vv. 14-15).
  23. Joshua 5:13 tn Heb “Are you for us or for our enemies?”
  24. Joshua 5:14 tc Heb “He said, “Neither.” An alternative reading is לוֹ (lo, “[He said] to him”; cf. NEB). This reading is supported by many Hebrew mss, as well as the LXX and Syriac versions. The traditional reading of the MT (לֹא, loʾ, “no, neither”) is probably the product of aural confusion (the two variant readings sound the same in Hebrew). Although followed by a number of modern translations (cf. NIV, NRSV), this reading is problematic, for the commander of the Lord’s army would hardly have declared himself neutral.
  25. Joshua 5:14 sn The Lord’s heavenly army, like an earthly army, has a commander who leads the troops. For the phrase שַׂר־צְבָא (sar tsevaʾ, “army commander”) in the human sphere, see among many other references Gen 21:22, 32; 26:26; Judg 4:2, 7; 1 Sam 12:9.
  26. Joshua 5:14 sn The commander’s appearance seems to be for Joshua’s encouragement. Joshua could now lead Israel into battle knowing that the Lord’s invisible army would ensure victory.
  27. Joshua 5:14 tn Heb “Joshua fell on his face to the ground and bowed down.”
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