Joshua 8
New International Version
Ai Destroyed
8 Then the Lord said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid;(A) do not be discouraged.(B) Take the whole army(C) with you, and go up and attack Ai.(D) For I have delivered(E) into your hands the king of Ai, his people, his city and his land. 2 You shall do to Ai and its king as you did to Jericho and its king, except that you may carry off their plunder(F) and livestock for yourselves.(G) Set an ambush(H) behind the city.”
3 So Joshua and the whole army moved out to attack Ai. He chose thirty thousand of his best fighting men and sent them out at night 4 with these orders: “Listen carefully. You are to set an ambush behind the city. Don’t go very far from it. All of you be on the alert. 5 I and all those with me will advance on the city, and when the men come out against us, as they did before, we will flee from them. 6 They will pursue us until we have lured them away from the city, for they will say, ‘They are running away from us as they did before.’ So when we flee from them, 7 you are to rise up from ambush and take the city. The Lord your God will give it into your hand.(I) 8 When you have taken the city, set it on fire.(J) Do what the Lord has commanded.(K) See to it; you have my orders.”
9 Then Joshua sent them off, and they went to the place of ambush(L) and lay in wait between Bethel and Ai, to the west of Ai—but Joshua spent that night with the people.
10 Early the next morning(M) Joshua mustered his army, and he and the leaders of Israel(N) marched before them to Ai. 11 The entire force that was with him marched up and approached the city and arrived in front of it. They set up camp north of Ai, with the valley between them and the city. 12 Joshua had taken about five thousand men and set them in ambush between Bethel and Ai, to the west of the city. 13 So the soldiers took up their positions—with the main camp to the north of the city and the ambush to the west of it. That night Joshua went into the valley.
14 When the king of Ai saw this, he and all the men of the city hurried out early in the morning to meet Israel in battle at a certain place overlooking the Arabah.(O) But he did not know(P) that an ambush had been set against him behind the city. 15 Joshua and all Israel let themselves be driven back(Q) before them, and they fled toward the wilderness.(R) 16 All the men of Ai were called to pursue them, and they pursued Joshua and were lured away(S) from the city. 17 Not a man remained in Ai or Bethel who did not go after Israel. They left the city open and went in pursuit of Israel.
18 Then the Lord said to Joshua, “Hold out toward Ai the javelin(T) that is in your hand,(U) for into your hand I will deliver the city.” So Joshua held out toward the city the javelin that was in his hand.(V) 19 As soon as he did this, the men in the ambush rose quickly(W) from their position and rushed forward. They entered the city and captured it and quickly set it on fire.(X)
20 The men of Ai looked back and saw the smoke of the city rising up into the sky,(Y) but they had no chance to escape in any direction; the Israelites who had been fleeing toward the wilderness had turned back against their pursuers. 21 For when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city and that smoke was going up from it, they turned around(Z) and attacked the men of Ai. 22 Those in the ambush also came out of the city against them, so that they were caught in the middle, with Israelites on both sides. Israel cut them down, leaving them neither survivors nor fugitives.(AA) 23 But they took the king of Ai alive(AB) and brought him to Joshua.
24 When Israel had finished killing all the men of Ai in the fields and in the wilderness where they had chased them, and when every one of them had been put to the sword, all the Israelites returned to Ai and killed those who were in it. 25 Twelve thousand men and women fell that day—all the people of Ai.(AC) 26 For Joshua did not draw back the hand that held out his javelin(AD) until he had destroyed[a](AE) all who lived in Ai.(AF) 27 But Israel did carry off for themselves the livestock and plunder of this city, as the Lord had instructed Joshua.(AG)
28 So Joshua burned(AH) Ai[b](AI) and made it a permanent heap of ruins,(AJ) a desolate place to this day.(AK) 29 He impaled the body of the king of Ai on a pole and left it there until evening. At sunset,(AL) Joshua ordered them to take the body from the pole and throw it down at the entrance of the city gate. And they raised a large pile of rocks(AM) over it, which remains to this day.
The Covenant Renewed at Mount Ebal
30 Then Joshua built on Mount Ebal(AN) an altar(AO) to the Lord, the God of Israel, 31 as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded the Israelites. He built it according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses—an altar of uncut stones, on which no iron tool(AP) had been used. On it they offered to the Lord burnt offerings and sacrificed fellowship offerings.(AQ) 32 There, in the presence of the Israelites, Joshua wrote on stones a copy of the law of Moses.(AR) 33 All the Israelites, with their elders, officials and judges, were standing on both sides of the ark of the covenant of the Lord, facing the Levitical(AS) priests who carried it. Both the foreigners living among them and the native-born(AT) were there. Half of the people stood in front of Mount Gerizim and half of them in front of Mount Ebal,(AU) as Moses the servant of the Lord had formerly commanded when he gave instructions to bless the people of Israel.
34 Afterward, Joshua read all the words of the law—the blessings and the curses—just as it is written in the Book of the Law.(AV) 35 There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded that Joshua did not read to the whole assembly of Israel, including the women and children, and the foreigners who lived among them.(AW)
Footnotes
- Joshua 8:26 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
- Joshua 8:28 Ai means the ruin.
Joshua 8
King James Version
8 And the Lord said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:
2 And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.
3 So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.
4 And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:
5 And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,
6 (For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.
7 Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the Lord your God will deliver it into your hand.
8 And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the Lord shall ye do. See, I have commanded you.
9 Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.
10 And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.
11 And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.
12 And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city.
13 And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.
14 And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.
15 And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.
16 And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.
17 And there was not a man left in Ai or Bethel, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.
18 And the Lord said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.
19 And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hasted and set the city on fire.
20 And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers.
21 And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.
22 And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.
23 And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.
24 And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.
25 And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.
26 For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.
27 Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for a prey unto themselves, according unto the word of the Lord which he commanded Joshua.
28 And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.
29 And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day.
30 Then Joshua built an altar unto the Lord God of Israel in mount Ebal,
31 As Moses the servant of the Lord commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man hath lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt offerings unto the Lord, and sacrificed peace offerings.
32 And he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel.
33 And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the Lord, as well the stranger, as he that was born among them; half of them over against mount Gerizim, and half of them over against mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel.
34 And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.
35 There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.
Josué 8
La Bible du Semeur
La conquête de la ville d’Aï
8 L’Eternel dit à Josué : N’aie pas peur, ne crains rien ! Emmène avec toi tous les soldats et va attaquer Aï ! Car je livre le roi d’Aï en ton pouvoir ainsi que son peuple, sa ville et tout son territoire. 2 Tu traiteras Aï et son roi comme tu as traité Jéricho et son roi. Toutefois, vous pourrez prendre pour vous comme butin ses biens et son bétail. Place des guerriers en embuscade derrière la ville[a].
3 Josué se mit en route avec toute son armée pour attaquer Aï. Il choisit trente mille valeureux guerriers et les fit partir de nuit 4 en leur donnant les ordres suivants : Allez vous poster en embuscade derrière la ville, sans trop vous en éloigner, et tenez-vous tous prêts à intervenir. 5 Je m’approcherai de la ville avec le gros de la troupe. Lorsque les gens d’Aï sortiront pour nous affronter comme la première fois, nous fuirons devant eux. 6 Ils se lanceront à notre poursuite et nous les attirerons loin de la ville. En effet, ils penseront que nous fuyons encore devant eux, comme l’autre fois. 7 A ce moment-là, vous surgirez de votre cachette et vous vous emparerez de la ville, car l’Eternel votre Dieu la livre en votre pouvoir. 8 Dès que vous en serez maîtres, vous y mettrez le feu, comme l’Eternel l’a commandé. Voilà quels sont mes ordres.
9 Là-dessus, Josué les fit partir et ils allèrent se poster en embuscade entre Béthel et Aï, à l’ouest d’Aï, tandis que Josué passa la nuit avec le reste du peuple.
10 Le lendemain, Josué se leva de bon matin et passa ses troupes en revue, puis il prit la tête de l’armée, accompagné des responsables d’Israël, pour marcher contre Aï[b]. 11 Toute l’armée qu’il conduisait s’avança ainsi jusqu’à ce qu’elle arrive en face de la ville. Ils prirent position au nord d’Aï dont une vallée les séparait. 12 Josué avait pris environ cinq mille hommes et les avait postés en embuscade entre Béthel et Aï, à l’ouest de la ville. 13 Le gros de l’armée installa son camp au nord de la ville tandis que l’arrière-garde des troupes se tenait à l’ouest. Durant cette nuit, Josué partit en reconnaissance au milieu de la vallée.
14 Quand le roi d’Aï vit la situation, il fit lever en hâte tous les hommes et se dépêcha de sortir de la ville pour se rendre sur le champ de bataille et affronter Israël en face de la plaine. Il ne se doutait pas qu’une embuscade avait été dressée contre lui derrière la ville. 15 Josué et les Israélites firent semblant d’être battus par eux et s’enfuirent en direction du désert. 16 Tous les gens qui étaient dans la ville furent appelés à grands cris pour les poursuivre. Ils se précipitèrent donc sur les pas de Josué et se laissèrent attirer loin de la ville. 17 Il ne resta dans Aï[c] pas un homme qui ne sortît à la poursuite d’Israël. Ainsi ils abandonnèrent la ville ouverte pour poursuivre les Israélites.
La victoire sur Aï
18 Alors l’Eternel dit à Josué : Pointe le javelot que tu tiens en main en direction d’Aï, car je vais la livrer en ton pouvoir. Josué pointa le javelot en direction de la ville. 19 Aussitôt, les hommes qui se tenaient en embuscade surgirent de leur cachette à toute vitesse et s’élancèrent vers la ville ; ils y entrèrent, s’en emparèrent, et y mirent le feu. 20 Lorsque les hommes d’Aï se retournèrent, ils virent la fumée qui s’élevait de leur ville dans le ciel. Ils n’eurent même plus la possibilité de fuir, toute retraite d’un côté comme de l’autre leur étant coupée, car les Israélites qui fuyaient vers le désert faisaient à présent volte-face contre leurs poursuivants. 21 En effet, Josué et ses troupes, voyant que la ville avait été prise et incendiée par les hommes placés en embuscade, se retournaient pour attaquer les gens d’Aï. 22 Et les autres soldats sortaient à leur tour de la ville pour les rejoindre, si bien que les gens d’Aï se trouvaient cernés de part et d’autre par les Israélites qui les battirent sans en laisser échapper un seul et sans leur laisser de survivants. 23 Le roi d’Aï fut capturé vivant et amené à Josué. 24 Les Israélites tuèrent tous les habitants d’Aï, soit en pleine campagne, soit dans le désert où ils les avaient poursuivis ; tous tombèrent sous les coups de leurs épées jusqu’au dernier. Après cela, tous les hommes d’Israël rentrèrent dans la ville et exterminèrent le reste de la population. 25 Ainsi périrent, ce jour-là, douze mille personnes, hommes et femmes, c’est-à-dire toute la population d’Aï. 26 Josué n’avait cessé de tenir son javelot tendu jusqu’à ce que tous les habitants de la ville aient été exterminés. 27 Les Israélites prirent cependant comme butin le bétail et les biens qui se trouvaient dans la ville, comme l’Eternel l’avait ordonné à Josué. 28 Josué incendia Aï, il en fit pour toujours un monceau de ruines, un lieu désert, ce qu’elle est encore aujourd’hui. 29 Quant au roi d’Aï, on le pendit à un arbre où on laissa son corps jusqu’au soir. Comme le soleil se couchait, Josué ordonna de descendre le cadavre de l’arbre[d]. On le jeta à l’entrée de la porte de la ville et l’on dressa sur lui un grand tas de pierres qui se voit encore aujourd’hui.
La lecture de la Loi devant toute l’assemblée
30 Alors Josué bâtit un autel à l’Eternel, le Dieu d’Israël, sur le mont Ebal[e]. 31 Il le construisit conformément aux ordres que Moïse, serviteur de l’Eternel, avait donnés aux Israélites et qui sont consignés dans le livre de la Loi de Moïse : un autel de pierres brutes qu’aucun outil de fer n’avait touchées[f]. On y offrit des holocaustes à l’Eternel et des sacrifices de communion. 32 Josué grava sur des pierres une copie de la Loi que Moïse avait mise par écrit sous les yeux des Israélites[g]. 33 Pendant ce temps, tout Israël avec ses responsables, ses officiers et ses chefs se tenaient debout de part et d’autre du coffre de l’alliance de l’Eternel en face des prêtres-lévites qui le portaient. Les étrangers comme les Israélites d’origine étaient là. La moitié d’entre eux se tenaient du côté du mont Garizim, l’autre moitié du côté du mont Ebal comme Moïse, serviteur de l’Eternel, avait autrefois ordonné de procéder pour bénir le peuple d’Israël[h]. 34 Josué lut ensuite tout le texte de la Loi, les paroles de bénédiction comme de malédiction[i], telles qu’elles se trouvaient dans le livre de la Loi. 35 Devant toute l’assemblée d’Israël, y compris les femmes, les enfants et les étrangers qui vivaient au milieu du peuple, il lut tout ce que Moïse avait ordonné, sans en rien omettre.
Footnotes
- 8.2 C’est-à-dire du côté opposé à la porte de la ville qui constituait généralement la cible des attaquants.
- 8.10 A une vingtaine de kilomètres.
- 8.17 D’après l’ancienne version grecque. Texte hébreu traditionnel : dans Aï et dans Béthel.
- 8.29 Voir Dt 21.22-23.
- 8.30 Voir Dt 11.29. Au pied de ce mont se trouvait la forteresse de Sichem.
- 8.31 Voir Dt 27.4-14.
- 8.32 Voir Dt 27.2-3.
- 8.33 Voir Dt 11.29 ; 27.11-13.
- 8.34 Voir Dt 27 à 28.
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