Joshua 12
New English Translation
12 Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites defeated and drove from their land[a] on the east side of the Jordan,[b] from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern rift valley:[c]
2 King Sihon of the Amorites who lived[d] in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley)—including the city in the middle of the valley[e] and half of Gilead—all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. 3 His kingdom included[f] the eastern rift valley from the Sea of Kinnereth[g] to the sea of the rift valley (the Salt Sea),[h] including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah.[i]
4 The territory of King Og of Bashan, one of the few remaining Rephaites,[j] who lived[k] in Ashtaroth and Edrei 5 and ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all Bashan to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead as far as the border of King Sihon of Heshbon.
6 Moses the Lord’s servant and the Israelites defeated them and Moses the Lord’s servant assigned their land[l] to Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
7 These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the Israelites defeated on the west side of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley to Mount Halak up to Seir. Joshua assigned this territory to the Israelite tribes,[m] 8 including the hill country, the foothills,[n] the rift valley,[o] the slopes,[p] the wilderness, and the Negev[q]—the land of[r] the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites:
9 the king of Jericho (one),
the king of Ai—located near Bethel—(one),
10 the king of Jerusalem (one),
the king of Hebron (one),
11 the king of Jarmuth (one),
the king of Lachish (one),
12 the king of Eglon (one),
the king of Gezer (one),
13 the king of Debir (one),
the king of Geder (one),
14 the king of Hormah (one),
the king of Arad (one),
15 the king of Libnah (one),
the king of Adullam (one),
16 the king of Makkedah (one),
the king of Bethel (one),
17 the king of Tappuah (one),
the king of Hepher (one),
18 the king of Aphek (one),
the king of Lasharon (one),
19 the king of Madon (one),
the king of Hazor (one),
20 the king of Shimron Meron (one),
the king of Acshaph (one),
21 the king of Taanach (one),
the king of Megiddo (one),
22 the king of Kedesh (one),
the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),
23 the king of Dor—near Naphath Dor—(one),
the king of Goyim—near Gilgal—(one),
24 the king of Tirzah (one),
a total of thirty-one kings.
Footnotes
- Joshua 12:1 tn Heb “and took possession of their land.”
- Joshua 12:1 tn Heb “beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.”
- Joshua 12:1 sn The rift valley is a geographic feature that extends from Mt. Hermon to the Gulf of Aqaba and includes the Sea of Galilee, the Jordan River, and the Dead Sea. The section described here extends from the border of Moab, the Arnon which runs into the middle of the Dead Sea, northward up the entire Jordan valley and beyond Galilee to Mt. Hermon at the border of Lebanon.
- Joshua 12:2 tn Or perhaps, “reigned.”
- Joshua 12:2 tc The MT reads here “and the middle of the valley,” but the reading “the city in the middle of valley” can be reconstructed on the basis of Josh 13:9, 16.
- Joshua 12:3 tn The words “his kingdom included” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
- Joshua 12:3 sn The Sea of Kinnereth is another name for the Sea of Galilee. See the note on the word “Kinnereth” in 11:2.
- Joshua 12:3 sn The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea.
- Joshua 12:3 sn The slopes of Pisgah lie east of the northern tip of the Dead Sea.
- Joshua 12:4 tn Heb “from the remnant of the Rephaites.”sn The Rephaites were apparently an extremely tall ethnic group. See Deut 2:10-11, 20; 3:11.
- Joshua 12:4 tn Or perhaps “who reigned.”
- Joshua 12:6 tn Heb “gave it for a possession.”
- Joshua 12:7 tn Heb “Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotted portions.”
- Joshua 12:8 sn The foothills (שְׁפֵלָה, shephelah) are the transition region between the Judean hill country and the Mediterranean coastal plain. These are areas of eocene limestone with a distinct pattern of erosion, soil, and vegetation cover.
- Joshua 12:8 sn The rift valley (עֲרָבָה, ʿaravah) is a geographic feature extending from Galilee to the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba. Here it probably refers to the Jordan valley and an area extending south of the Dead Sea by the Negev.
- Joshua 12:8 sn The slopes (אֲשֵׁדוֹת, ʾashedot) refer to the ascent from the rift valley up to the hill country and to the flatlands (or wilderness) south of the hill country.
- Joshua 12:8 sn The Negev is the area of central southern Judah, south of the hill country and west of the rift valley. As a geographic feature it is a depression extending south to the Gulf of Aqaba, but the biblical reference is probably to the northern portion of the region.
- Joshua 12:8 tn The words “the land of” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
Josué 12
Nova Traduҫão na Linguagem de Hoje 2000
Os reis vencidos por Moisés
12 O povo de Israel havia derrotado os reis que moravam a leste do rio Jordão e ocupado as suas terras. Essas terras iam desde o vale do Arnom, subindo o vale do Jordão, até o monte Hermom. Os reis que os israelitas derrotaram são citados em seguida. 2 O primeiro foi Seom, o rei dos amorreus, que vivia em Hesbom. O reino dele começava em Aroer, na beira do vale do Arnom e na metade do vale, e ia até o rio Jaboque, na divisa da região de Amom. Esse reino ia até a metade de Gileade. 3 Do lado leste do vale do Jordão, o reino de Seom começava no lago da Galileia na direção de Bete-Jesimote, a leste do mar Morto, e ia até o sul, ao pé do monte Pisga.
4 Os israelitas também derrotaram Ogue, rei de Basã, que foi um dos últimos refains. Ele morava em Astarote e Edrei. 5 Do reino dele faziam parte o monte Hermom, Salca e toda a região de Basã, até a divisa com os gesuritas e maacatitas, e também metade de Gileade, até as terras de Seom, rei de Hesbom. 6 Moisés e o povo de Israel os derrotaram. Moisés, servo do Senhor, deu as terras desses reis às tribos de Rúben, de Gade e de Manassés do Leste.
Os reis vencidos por Josué
7 Josué e o povo de Israel derrotaram todos os reis das terras que ficam a oeste do rio Jordão, desde Baal-Gade, no vale do Líbano, até o monte Halaque, na direção de Seir. Josué dividiu essas terras entre as tribos, para serem delas para sempre. 8 Faziam parte dessas terras a região montanhosa, a planície, o vale do Jordão, a subida das montanhas, o deserto e a região sul. Nessa terra moravam os heteus, os amorreus, os cananeus, os perizeus, os heveus e os jebuseus. 9-24 Foram derrotados os reis das seguintes cidades: Jericó, Ai (perto de Betel), Jerusalém, Hebrom, Jarmute, Laquis, Eglom, Gezer, Debir, Geder, Horma, Arade, Libna, Adulã, Maquedá, Betel, Tapua, Héfer, Afeca, Lasarom, Madom, Hazor, Sinrom-Merom, Acsafe, Taanaque, Megido, Quedes, Jocneão (na região do Carmelo), Dor (no litoral), Goim (na Galileia) e Tirza — ao todo trinta e um reis.
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