The Northern Conquest

11 And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor heard these things, that he (A)sent to Jobab king of Madon, to the king (B)of Shimron, to the king of Achshaph, and to the kings who were from the north, in the mountains, in the plain south of (C)Chinneroth, in the lowland, and in the heights (D)of Dor on the west, to the Canaanites in the east and in the west, the (E)Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Jebusite in the mountains, (F)and the Hivite below (G)Hermon (H)in the land of Mizpah. So they went out, they and all their armies with them, as many people (I)as the sand that is on the seashore in multitude, with very many horses and chariots. And when all these kings had [a]met together, they came and camped together at the waters of Merom to fight against Israel.

But the Lord said to Joshua, (J)“Do not be afraid because of them, for tomorrow about this time I will deliver all of them slain before Israel. You shall (K)hamstring their horses and burn their chariots with fire.” So Joshua and all the people of war with him came against them suddenly by the waters of Merom, and they attacked them. And the Lord delivered them into the hand of Israel, who defeated them and chased them to [b]Greater (L)Sidon, to the [c]Brook (M)Misrephoth, and to the Valley of Mizpah eastward; they attacked them until they left none of them remaining. So Joshua did to them as the Lord had told him: he hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots with fire.

10 Joshua turned back at that time and took Hazor, and struck its king with the sword; for Hazor was formerly the head of all those kingdoms. 11 And they struck all the people who were in it with the edge of the sword, (N)utterly destroying them. There was none left (O)breathing. Then he burned Hazor with fire.

12 So all the cities of those kings, and all their kings, Joshua took and struck with the edge of the sword. He utterly destroyed them, (P)as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded. 13 But as for the cities that stood on their [d]mounds, Israel burned none of them, except Hazor only, which Joshua burned. 14 And all the (Q)spoil of these cities and the livestock, the children of Israel took as booty for themselves; but they struck every man with the edge of the sword until they had destroyed them, and they left none breathing. 15 (R)As the Lord had commanded Moses His servant, so (S)Moses commanded Joshua, and (T)so Joshua did. [e]He left nothing undone of all that the Lord had commanded Moses.

Summary of Joshua’s Conquests

16 Thus Joshua took all this land: (U)the mountain country, all the South, (V)all the land of Goshen, the lowland, and the Jordan [f]plain—the mountains of Israel and its lowlands, 17 (W)from [g]Mount Halak and the ascent to Seir, even as far as Baal Gad in the Valley of Lebanon below Mount Hermon. He captured (X)all their kings, and struck them down and killed them. 18 Joshua made war a long time with all those kings. 19 There was not a city that made peace with the children of Israel, except (Y)the Hivites, the inhabitants of Gibeon. All the others they took in battle. 20 For (Z)it was of the Lord [h]to harden their hearts, that they should come against Israel in battle, that He might utterly destroy them, and that they might receive no mercy, but that He might destroy them, (AA)as the Lord had commanded Moses.

21 And at that time Joshua came and cut off (AB)the Anakim from the mountains: from Hebron, from Debir, from Anab, from all the mountains of Judah, and from all the mountains of Israel; Joshua utterly destroyed them with their cities. 22 None of the Anakim were left in the land of the children of Israel; they remained only (AC)in Gaza, in Gath, (AD)and in Ashdod.

23 So Joshua took the whole land, (AE)according to all that the Lord had said to Moses; and Joshua gave it as an inheritance to Israel (AF)according to their divisions by their tribes. Then the land (AG)rested from war.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 11:5 Lit. assembled by appointment
  2. Joshua 11:8 Heb. Sidon Rabbah
  3. Joshua 11:8 Heb. Misrephoth Maim, lit. Burnings of Water
  4. Joshua 11:13 Heb. tel, a heap of successive city ruins
  5. Joshua 11:15 Lit. He turned aside from nothing
  6. Joshua 11:16 Heb. arabah
  7. Joshua 11:17 Lit. The Smooth or Bald Mountain
  8. Joshua 11:20 Lit. to make strong

Conquests in Northern Canaan

11 When Jabin, king of Hazor, heard of this, he (A)sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph, and to the kings who were in the northern hill country, and in the (B)Arabah south of (C)Chinneroth, and in the lowland, and (D)in Naphoth-dor on the (E)west, to the Canaanites in the east and the west, the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, and the (F)Jebusites in the hill country, and the (G)Hivites under (H)Hermon in the land of (I)Mizpah. And they came out with all their troops, a great horde, in number (J)like the sand that is on the seashore, with very many horses and chariots. And all these kings joined their forces and came and encamped together at the waters of Merom to fight against Israel.

And the Lord said to Joshua, (K)“Do not be afraid of them, for tomorrow at this time I will give over all of them, slain, to Israel. You shall (L)hamstring their horses and burn their (M)chariots with fire.” So Joshua and all his warriors came (N)suddenly against them by the waters of Merom and fell upon them. And the Lord gave them into the hand of Israel, who struck them and chased them as far as (O)Great Sidon and (P)Misrephoth-maim, and eastward as far as the Valley of (Q)Mizpeh. And they struck them until he left none remaining. And Joshua did to them (R)just as the Lord said to him: he hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots with fire.

10 And Joshua turned back at that time and captured (S)Hazor and struck its king with the sword, for Hazor formerly was the head of all those kingdoms. 11 And they struck with the sword all who were in it, devoting them to destruction;[a] (T)there was none left that breathed. And he burned Hazor with fire. 12 And all the cities of those kings, and all their kings, Joshua captured, and struck them with the edge of the sword, devoting them to destruction, (U)just as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded. 13 But none of the cities that stood on mounds did Israel burn, except Hazor alone; that Joshua burned. 14 And all the spoil of these cities and the livestock, the people of Israel took for their plunder. But every person they struck with the edge of the sword until they had destroyed them, and they did not leave any who breathed. 15 (V)Just as the Lord had commanded Moses his servant, (W)so Moses commanded Joshua, (X)and so Joshua did. He left nothing undone of all that the Lord had commanded Moses.

16 So Joshua took all that land, (Y)the hill country and all the Negeb and (Z)all the land of Goshen (AA)and the lowland (AB)and the Arabah (AC)and the hill country of Israel and its lowland 17 (AD)from Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir, as far as (AE)Baal-gad in the Valley of Lebanon below (AF)Mount Hermon. And he captured (AG)all their kings and struck them and put them to death. 18 Joshua made war (AH)a long time with all those kings. 19 There was not a city that made peace with the people of Israel except (AI)the Hivites, the inhabitants of Gibeon. They took them all in battle. 20 For it was the Lord's doing (AJ)to harden their hearts that they should come against Israel in battle, in order that they should be devoted to destruction and should receive no mercy but be destroyed, (AK)just as the Lord commanded Moses.

21 And Joshua came at that time and cut off (AL)the Anakim from the hill country, from Hebron, from Debir, from Anab, and from all the hill country of Judah, and from all the hill country of Israel. Joshua devoted them to destruction with their cities. 22 There was none of the Anakim left in the land of the people of Israel. Only in Gaza, (AM)in Gath, and in Ashdod did some remain. 23 So Joshua took the whole land, (AN)according to all that the Lord had spoken to Moses. (AO)And Joshua gave it for an inheritance to Israel (AP)according to their tribal allotments. And the land had rest from war.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 11:11 That is, setting apart (devoting) as an offering to the Lord (for destruction); also verses 12, 20, 21

La victoire sur une coalition de rois de la partie nord du pays

11 Lorsque Yabîn[a], le roi de Hatsor[b], apprit les victoires de Josué, il envoya des messagers à Yobab, roi de Madôn[c], aux rois de Shimrôn[d] et d’Akshaph[e], ainsi qu’à ceux qui étaient établis dans la région montagneuse du nord[f], dans la plaine du Jourdain au sud du lac de Kineroth, dans la plaine côtière et sur les coteaux de Dor à l’ouest[g]. Il adressa des messages aux Cananéens établis à l’est et à l’ouest, aux Amoréens, aux Hittites, aux Phéréziens, et aux Yebousiens établis dans la région montagneuse, et aux Héviens établis au pied de l’Hermon dans la région de Mitspa[h]. Tous ces rois se mirent en campagne avec leurs armées au complet. C’était une multitude innombrable comme les grains de sable des bords de la mer, et ils étaient équipés d’un nombre énorme de chevaux et de chars de guerre. Ils se donnèrent rendez-vous et vinrent établir leur camp près des eaux de Mérom[i], pour attaquer Israël. L’Eternel dit à Josué : N’aie pas peur d’eux, car demain à cette heure-ci, je les livrerai tous, blessés à mort, au pouvoir d’Israël ; tu couperas les jarrets à leurs chevaux et tu brûleras leurs chars.

Josué et toute son armée vinrent attaquer leurs ennemis par surprise près des eaux de Mérom et ils se ruèrent sur eux. L’Eternel les livra au pouvoir des Israélites qui les battirent en les poursuivant jusqu’à Sidon la grande ville, jusqu’à Misrephoth-Maïm[j] et jusqu’à la vallée de Mitspé à l’est. Ils leur infligèrent une défaite totale au point de ne leur laisser aucun survivant. Josué les traita comme l’Eternel le lui avait ordonné : il coupa les jarrets à leurs chevaux et brûla leurs chars.

La conquête des villes de ces rois

10 A la même époque, sur le chemin du retour, Josué s’empara de Hatsor qui était autrefois la capitale de tous ces royaumes. Il tua son roi par l’épée 11 et il frappa du tranchant de l’épée tous les êtres vivants qui s’y trouvaient sans y laisser âme qui vive pour les vouer à l’Eternel, puis il incendia la ville. 12 Il s’empara aussi de toutes les villes des autres rois coalisés. Il captura leurs rois et les fit périr, il extermina totalement leurs habitants et les détruisit complètement pour les vouer à l’Eternel, comme Moïse, serviteur de l’Eternel, l’avait ordonné[k]. 13 Cependant, les Israélites n’incendièrent aucune des villes situées sur les collines, excepté Hatsor, que Josué fit brûler. 14 Ils emportèrent comme butin toutes les richesses et le bétail de ces villes, mais ils en exterminèrent toute la population, sans épargner personne. 15 Josué se conforma entièrement aux ordres que l’Eternel avait donnés à son serviteur Moïse et que celui-ci lui avait transmis. Il n’enfreignit aucun de ces ordres.

Les territoires conquis par Josué

16 C’est ainsi que Josué conquit tout le pays : la région montagneuse, tout le Néguev, la région de Goshen, la plaine côtière, la vallée du Jourdain, ainsi que la région montagneuse et les plaines du Nord. 17 Il captura et tua tous les rois des régions situées entre le mont Halaq qui se dresse près de Séir au sud, jusqu’à Baal-Gad dans la dépression du Liban au pied du mont Hermon au nord. 18 La guerre qu’il livra contre tous ces rois dura de longues années[l]. 19 Aucune ville – sauf Gabaon habitée par les Héviens – ne fit la paix avec les Israélites ; il s’en empara par les armes. 20 Cela venait de l’Eternel ; en effet, il avait rendu ces gens obstinés pour qu’ils affrontent Israël, afin qu’ils soient détruits sans pitié jusqu’à leur totale extermination pour lui être voués, comme il l’avait ordonné à Moïse.

21 A la même époque, Josué alla éliminer les Anaqim[m] qui vivaient dans les montagnes d’Hébron, de Debir, d’Anab, dans les monts de Juda et dans la montagne d’Israël. Il les extermina et détruisit totalement leurs villes pour les vouer à l’Eternel. 22 Il ne resta plus d’Anaqim dans le pays des Israélites, sauf dans les villes de Gaza, Gath et Ashdod. 23 Josué conquit donc tout le pays, comme l’Eternel l’avait dit à Moïse, et il le répartit entre les tribus d’Israël pour qu’elles possèdent chacune sa part. Et la guerre cessa dans le pays.

Footnotes

  1. 11.1 Yabîn était peut-être un nom de dynastie (voir Jg 4.2, 17).
  2. 11.1 Après les campagnes dans le centre et le sud du pays, Josué voit se former une coalition des rois du Nord sous la direction du roi de Hatsor, principale ville de cette région et la mieux fortifiée.
  3. 11.1 Située près de Tibériade.
  4. 11.1 A l’ouest de Nazareth, en haute Galilée (voir 12.20 ; 19.15-16).
  5. 11.1 Localisation incertaine.
  6. 11.2 Allant jusqu’au Liban et à l’Hermon.
  7. 11.2 A quelques kilomètres au sud du mont Carmel.
  8. 11.3 Au sud de l’Anti-Liban près des sources du Jourdain. Ces différentes peuplades (voir. 3.10 ; 9.1 ; Ex 3.8, 17) formèrent la plus grande armée qu’Israël eut à combattre.
  9. 11.5 A une dizaine de kilomètres au nord-ouest du lac de Galilée.
  10. 11.8 Ce nom signifie incendie des eaux, peut-être une allusion à des sources chaudes. Cette ville pourrait se situer entre Tyr et Acre.
  11. 11.12 Voir Dt 7.1-2 ; 20.17.
  12. 11.18 Au moins sept ans : Caleb avait 78 ans lors de la conquête de Canaan (Dt 2.14 ; Jos 14.7) et 85 ans lorsqu’il prit Hébron (14.10).
  13. 11.21 Les géants dont les douze espions avaient parlé (Nb 13.32). Josué les anéantit avec Caleb (14.12-15 ; voir Dt 2.10, 11, 21).

Northern Kings Defeated

11 When Jabin(A) king of Hazor(B) heard of this, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon, to the kings of Shimron(C) and Akshaph,(D) and to the northern kings who were in the mountains, in the Arabah(E) south of Kinnereth,(F) in the western foothills and in Naphoth Dor(G) on the west; to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites(H) and Jebusites in the hill country;(I) and to the Hivites(J) below Hermon(K) in the region of Mizpah.(L) They came out with all their troops and a large number of horses and chariots—a huge army, as numerous as the sand on the seashore.(M) All these kings joined forces(N) and made camp together at the Waters of Merom(O) to fight against Israel.

The Lord said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of them, because by this time tomorrow I will hand(P) all of them, slain, over to Israel. You are to hamstring(Q) their horses and burn their chariots.”(R)

So Joshua and his whole army came against them suddenly at the Waters of Merom and attacked them, and the Lord gave them into the hand of Israel. They defeated them and pursued them all the way to Greater Sidon,(S) to Misrephoth Maim,(T) and to the Valley of Mizpah on the east, until no survivors were left. Joshua did to them as the Lord had directed: He hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots.

10 At that time Joshua turned back and captured Hazor and put its king to the sword.(U) (Hazor had been the head of all these kingdoms.) 11 Everyone in it they put to the sword. They totally destroyed[a] them,(V) not sparing anyone that breathed,(W) and he burned(X) Hazor itself.

12 Joshua took all these royal cities and their kings and put them to the sword. He totally destroyed them, as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded.(Y) 13 Yet Israel did not burn any of the cities built on their mounds—except Hazor, which Joshua burned. 14 The Israelites carried off for themselves all the plunder and livestock of these cities, but all the people they put to the sword until they completely destroyed them, not sparing anyone that breathed.(Z) 15 As the Lord commanded his servant Moses, so Moses commanded Joshua, and Joshua did it; he left nothing undone of all that the Lord commanded Moses.(AA)

16 So Joshua took this entire land: the hill country,(AB) all the Negev,(AC) the whole region of Goshen, the western foothills,(AD) the Arabah and the mountains of Israel with their foothills, 17 from Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir,(AE) to Baal Gad(AF) in the Valley of Lebanon(AG) below Mount Hermon.(AH) He captured all their kings and put them to death.(AI) 18 Joshua waged war against all these kings for a long time. 19 Except for the Hivites(AJ) living in Gibeon,(AK) not one city made a treaty of peace(AL) with the Israelites, who took them all in battle. 20 For it was the Lord himself who hardened their hearts(AM) to wage war against Israel, so that he might destroy them totally, exterminating them without mercy, as the Lord had commanded Moses.(AN)

21 At that time Joshua went and destroyed the Anakites(AO) from the hill country: from Hebron, Debir(AP) and Anab,(AQ) from all the hill country of Judah, and from all the hill country of Israel. Joshua totally destroyed them and their towns. 22 No Anakites were left in Israelite territory; only in Gaza,(AR) Gath(AS) and Ashdod(AT) did any survive.

23 So Joshua took the entire land,(AU) just as the Lord had directed Moses, and he gave it as an inheritance(AV) to Israel according to their tribal divisions.(AW) Then the land had rest(AX) from war.(AY)

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 11:11 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them; also in verses 12, 20 and 21.