Joshua Installed as Leader

1 After the death of Moses the servant of the Lord,^(A) the Lord said to Joshua^(B) son of Nun, Moses’ aide: ² “Moses my servant is dead. Now then, you and all these people, get ready to cross the Jordan River^(C) into the land^(D) I am about to give to them^(E)—to the Israelites. ³ I will give you every place where you set your foot,^(F) as I promised Moses.^{(G) 4} Your territory will extend from the desert to Lebanon,^(H) and from the great river, the Euphrates^(I)—all the Hittite^(J) country—to the Mediterranean Sea in the west.^{(K) 5} No one will be able to stand against you^(L) all the days of your life. As I was with^(M) Moses, so I will be with you; I will never leave you nor forsake^(N) you. ⁶ Be strong^(O) and courageous,^(P) because you will lead these people to inherit the land I swore to their ancestors^(Q) to give them.

⁷ “Be strong and very courageous. Be careful to obey^(R) all the law^(S) my servant Moses^(T) gave you; do not turn from it to the right or to the left,^(U) that you may be successful wherever you go.^{(V) 8} Keep this Book of the Law^(W) always on your lips;^(X) meditate^(Y) on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do everything written in it. Then you will be prosperous and successful.^{(Z) 9} Have I not commanded you? Be strong and courageous. Do not be afraid;^(AA) do not be discouraged,^(AB) for the Lord your God will be with you wherever you go.”^(AC)

¹⁰ So Joshua ordered the officers of the people:^{(AD) 11} “Go through the camp^(AE) and tell the people, ‘Get your provisions^(AF) ready. Three days^(AG) from now you will cross the Jordan^(AH) here to go in and take possession^(AI) of the land the Lord your God is giving you for your own.’”

¹² But to the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh,^(AJ) Joshua said, ¹³ “Remember the command that Moses the servant of the Lord gave you after he said, ‘The Lord your God will give you rest^(AK) by giving you this land.’ ¹⁴ Your wives,^(AL) your children and your livestock may stay in the land^(AM) that Moses gave you east of the Jordan, but all your fighting men, ready for battle,^(AN) must cross over ahead of your fellow Israelites.^(AO) You are to help them ¹⁵ until the Lord gives them rest, as he has done for you, and until they too have taken possession of the land the Lord your God is giving them. After that, you may go back and occupy your own land, which Moses the servant of the Lord gave you east of the Jordan toward the sunrise.”^(AP)

¹⁶ Then they answered Joshua, “Whatever you have commanded us we will do, and wherever you send us we will go.^{(AQ) 17} Just as we fully obeyed Moses, so we will obey you.^(AR) Only may the Lord your God be with you as he was with Moses. ¹⁸ Whoever rebels against your word and does not obey^(AS) it, whatever you may command them, will be put to death. Only be strong and courageous!^(AT)”

Rahab and the Spies

2 Then Joshua son of Nun secretly sent two spies^(AU) from Shittim.^(AV) “Go, look over^(AW) the land,” he said, “especially Jericho.^(AX)” So they went and entered the house of a prostitute named Rahab^(AY) and stayed there.

² The king of Jericho was told, “Look, some of the Israelites have come here tonight to spy out the land.” ³ So the king of Jericho sent this message to Rahab:^(AZ) “Bring out the men who came to you and entered your house, because they have come to spy out the whole land.”

⁴ But the woman had taken the two men^(BA) and hidden them.^(BB) She said, “Yes, the men came to me, but I did not know where they had come from. ⁵ At dusk, when it was time to close the city gate,^(BC) they left. I don’t know which way they went. Go after them quickly. You may catch up with them.”^{(BD) 6} (But she had taken them up to the roof and hidden them under the stalks of flax^(BE) she had laid out on the roof.)^{(BF) 7} So the men set out in pursuit of the spies on the road that leads to the fords of the Jordan,^(BG) and as soon as the pursuers^(BH) had gone out, the gate was shut.

⁸ Before the spies lay down for the night, she went up on the roof^{(BI) 9} and said to them, “I know that the Lord has given you this land and that a great fear^(BJ) of you has fallen on us, so that all who live in this country are melting in fear because of you. ¹⁰ We have heard how the Lord dried up^(BK) the water of the Red Sea^[a] for you when you came out of Egypt,^(BL) and what you did to Sihon and Og,^(BM) the two kings of the Amorites^(BN) east of the Jordan,^(BO) whom you completely destroyed.^{[b](BP) 11} When we heard of it, our hearts melted in fear^(BQ) and everyone’s courage failed^(BR) because of you,^(BS) for the Lord your God^(BT) is God in heaven above and on the earth^(BU) below.

¹² “Now then, please swear to me^(BV) by the Lord that you will show kindness^(BW) to my family, because I have shown kindness to you. Give me a sure sign^{(BX) 13} that you will spare the lives of my father and mother, my brothers and sisters, and all who belong to them^(BY)—and that you will save us from death.”

¹⁴ “Our lives for your lives!”^(BZ) the men assured her. “If you don’t tell what we are doing, we will treat you kindly and faithfully^(CA) when the Lord gives us the land.”

¹⁵ So she let them down by a rope^(CB) through the window,^(CC) for the house she lived in was part of the city wall. ¹⁶ She said to them, “Go to the hills^(CD) so the pursuers^(CE) will not find you. Hide yourselves there three days^(CF) until they return, and then go on your way.”^(CG)

¹⁷ Now the men had said to her, “This oath^(CH) you made us swear will not be binding on us ¹⁸ unless, when we enter the land, you have tied this scarlet cord^(CI) in the window^(CJ) through which you let us down, and unless you have brought your father and mother, your brothers and all your family^(CK) into your house. ¹⁹ If any of them go outside your house into the street, their blood will be on their own heads;^(CL) we will not be responsible. As for those who are in the house with you, their blood will be on our head^(CM) if a hand is laid on them. ²⁰ But if you tell what we are doing, we will be released from the oath you made us swear.^(CN)”

²¹ “Agreed,” she replied. “Let it be as you say.”

So she sent them away, and they departed. And she tied the scarlet cord^(CO) in the window.^(CP)

²² When they left, they went into the hills and stayed there three days,^(CQ) until the pursuers^(CR) had searched all along the road and returned without finding them. ²³ Then the two men started back. They went down out of the hills, forded the river and came to Joshua son of Nun and told him everything that had happened to them. ²⁴ They said to Joshua, “The Lord has surely given the whole land into our hands;^(CS) all the people are melting in fear^(CT) because of us.”

6 Now the gates of Jericho^(A) were securely barred because of the Israelites. No one went out and no one came in.

² Then the Lord said to Joshua, “See, I have delivered^(B) Jericho into your hands, along with its king and its fighting men. ³ March around the city once with all the armed men. Do this for six days. ⁴ Have seven priests carry trumpets of rams’ horns^(C) in front of the ark. On the seventh day, march around the city seven times, with the priests blowing the trumpets.^{(D) 5} When you hear them sound a long blast^(E) on the trumpets, have the whole army give a loud shout;^(F) then the wall of the city will collapse and the army will go up, everyone straight in.”

⁶ So Joshua son of Nun called the priests and said to them, “Take up the ark of the covenant of the Lord and have seven priests carry trumpets in front of it.”^{(G) 7} And he ordered the army, “Advance^(H)! March around the city, with an armed guard going ahead of the ark^(I) of the Lord.”

⁸ When Joshua had spoken to the people, the seven priests carrying the seven trumpets before the Lord went forward, blowing their trumpets, and the ark of the Lord’s covenant followed them. ⁹ The armed guard marched ahead of the priests who blew the trumpets, and the rear guard^(J) followed the ark. All this time the trumpets were sounding. ¹⁰ But Joshua had commanded the army, “Do not give a war cry, do not raise your voices, do not say a word until the day I tell you to shout. Then shout!^(K)” ¹¹ So he had the ark of the Lord carried around the city, circling it once. Then the army returned to camp and spent the night there.

¹² Joshua got up early the next morning and the priests took up the ark of the Lord. ¹³ The seven priests carrying the seven trumpets went forward, marching before the ark of the Lord and blowing the trumpets. The armed men went ahead of them and the rear guard followed the ark of the Lord, while the trumpets kept sounding. ¹⁴ So on the second day they marched around the city once and returned to the camp. They did this for six days.

¹⁵ On the seventh day, they got up at daybreak and marched around the city seven times in the same manner, except that on that day they circled the city seven times.^{(L) 16} The seventh time around, when the priests sounded the trumpet blast, Joshua commanded the army, “Shout! For the Lord has given you the city!^{(M) 17} The city and all that is in it are to be devoted^[a](N) to the Lord. Only Rahab the prostitute^(O) and all who are with her in her house shall be spared, because she hid^(P) the spies we sent. ¹⁸ But keep away from the devoted things,^(Q) so that you will not bring about your own destruction by taking any of them. Otherwise you will make the camp of Israel liable to destruction^(R) and bring trouble^(S) on it. ¹⁹ All the silver and gold and the articles of bronze and iron^(T) are sacred to the Lord and must go into his treasury.”

²⁰ When the trumpets sounded,^(U) the army shouted, and at the sound of the trumpet, when the men gave a loud shout,^(V) the wall collapsed; so everyone charged straight in, and they took the city.^{(W) 21} They devoted^(X) the city to the Lord and destroyed^(Y) with the sword every living thing in it—men and women, young and old, cattle, sheep and donkeys.

²² Joshua said to the two men^(Z) who had spied out^(AA) the land, “Go into the prostitute’s house and bring her out and all who belong to her, in accordance with your oath to her.^(AB)” ²³ So the young men who had done the spying went in and brought out Rahab, her father and mother, her brothers and sisters and all who belonged to her.^(AC) They brought out her entire family and put them in a place outside the camp of Israel.

²⁴ Then they burned the whole city^(AD) and everything in it, but they put the silver and gold and the articles of bronze and iron^(AE) into the treasury of the Lord’s house.^{(AF) 25} But Joshua spared^(AG) Rahab the prostitute,^(AH) with her family and all who belonged to her, because she hid the men Joshua had sent as spies to Jericho^(AI)—and she lives among the Israelites to this day.

²⁶ At that time Joshua pronounced this solemn oath:^(AJ) “Cursed^(AK) before the Lord is the one who undertakes to rebuild this city, Jericho:

²⁷ So the Lord was with Joshua,^(AM) and his fame spread^(AN) throughout the land.

Ai Destroyed

8 Then the Lord said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid;^(A) do not be discouraged.^(B) Take the whole army^(C) with you, and go up and attack Ai.^(D) For I have delivered^(E) into your hands the king of Ai, his people, his city and his land. ² You shall do to Ai and its king as you did to Jericho and its king, except that you may carry off their plunder^(F) and livestock for yourselves.^(G) Set an ambush^(H) behind the city.”

³ So Joshua and the whole army moved out to attack Ai. He chose thirty thousand of his best fighting men and sent them out at night ⁴ with these orders: “Listen carefully. You are to set an ambush behind the city. Don’t go very far from it. All of you be on the alert. ⁵ I and all those with me will advance on the city, and when the men come out against us, as they did before, we will flee from them. ⁶ They will pursue us until we have lured them away from the city, for they will say, ‘They are running away from us as they did before.’ So when we flee from them, ⁷ you are to rise up from ambush and take the city. The Lord your God will give it into your hand.^{(I) 8} When you have taken the city, set it on fire.^(J) Do what the Lord has commanded.^(K) See to it; you have my orders.”

⁹ Then Joshua sent them off, and they went to the place of ambush^(L) and lay in wait between Bethel and Ai, to the west of Ai—but Joshua spent that night with the people.

¹⁰ Early the next morning^(M) Joshua mustered his army, and he and the leaders of Israel^(N) marched before them to Ai. ¹¹ The entire force that was with him marched up and approached the city and arrived in front of it. They set up camp north of Ai, with the valley between them and the city. ¹² Joshua had taken about five thousand men and set them in ambush between Bethel and Ai, to the west of the city. ¹³ So the soldiers took up their positions—with the main camp to the north of the city and the ambush to the west of it. That night Joshua went into the valley.

¹⁴ When the king of Ai saw this, he and all the men of the city hurried out early in the morning to meet Israel in battle at a certain place overlooking the Arabah.^(O) But he did not know^(P) that an ambush had been set against him behind the city. ¹⁵ Joshua and all Israel let themselves be driven back^(Q) before them, and they fled toward the wilderness.^{(R) 16} All the men of Ai were called to pursue them, and they pursued Joshua and were lured away^(S) from the city. ¹⁷ Not a man remained in Ai or Bethel who did not go after Israel. They left the city open and went in pursuit of Israel.

¹⁸ Then the Lord said to Joshua, “Hold out toward Ai the javelin^(T) that is in your hand,^(U) for into your hand I will deliver the city.” So Joshua held out toward the city the javelin that was in his hand.^{(V) 19} As soon as he did this, the men in the ambush rose quickly^(W) from their position and rushed forward. They entered the city and captured it and quickly set it on fire.^(X)

²⁰ The men of Ai looked back and saw the smoke of the city rising up into the sky,^(Y) but they had no chance to escape in any direction; the Israelites who had been fleeing toward the wilderness had turned back against their pursuers. ²¹ For when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city and that smoke was going up from it, they turned around^(Z) and attacked the men of Ai. ²² Those in the ambush also came out of the city against them, so that they were caught in the middle, with Israelites on both sides. Israel cut them down, leaving them neither survivors nor fugitives.^{(AA) 23} But they took the king of Ai alive^(AB) and brought him to Joshua.

²⁴ When Israel had finished killing all the men of Ai in the fields and in the wilderness where they had chased them, and when every one of them had been put to the sword, all the Israelites returned to Ai and killed those who were in it. ²⁵ Twelve thousand men and women fell that day—all the people of Ai.^{(AC) 26} For Joshua did not draw back the hand that held out his javelin^(AD) until he had destroyed^[a](AE) all who lived in Ai.^{(AF) 27} But Israel did carry off for themselves the livestock and plunder of this city, as the Lord had instructed Joshua.^(AG)

²⁸ So Joshua burned^(AH) Ai^[b](AI) and made it a permanent heap of ruins,^(AJ) a desolate place to this day.^{(AK) 29} He impaled the body of the king of Ai on a pole and left it there until evening. At sunset,^(AL) Joshua ordered them to take the body from the pole and throw it down at the entrance of the city gate. And they raised a large pile of rocks^(AM) over it, which remains to this day.

The Covenant Renewed at Mount Ebal

³⁰ Then Joshua built on Mount Ebal^(AN) an altar^(AO) to the Lord, the God of Israel, ³¹ as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded the Israelites. He built it according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses—an altar of uncut stones, on which no iron tool^(AP) had been used. On it they offered to the Lord burnt offerings and sacrificed fellowship offerings.^{(AQ) 32} There, in the presence of the Israelites, Joshua wrote on stones a copy of the law of Moses.^{(AR) 33} All the Israelites, with their elders, officials and judges, were standing on both sides of the ark of the covenant of the Lord, facing the Levitical^(AS) priests who carried it. Both the foreigners living among them and the native-born^(AT) were there. Half of the people stood in front of Mount Gerizim and half of them in front of Mount Ebal,^(AU) as Moses the servant of the Lord had formerly commanded when he gave instructions to bless the people of Israel.

³⁴ Afterward, Joshua read all the words of the law—the blessings and the curses—just as it is written in the Book of the Law.^{(AV) 35} There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded that Joshua did not read to the whole assembly of Israel, including the women and children, and the foreigners who lived among them.^(AW)

The Sun Stands Still

10 Now Adoni-Zedek^(A) king of Jerusalem^(B) heard that Joshua had taken Ai^(C) and totally destroyed^[a](D) it, doing to Ai and its king as he had done to Jericho and its king, and that the people of Gibeon^(E) had made a treaty of peace^(F) with Israel and had become their allies. ² He and his people were very much alarmed at this, because Gibeon was an important city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were good fighters. ³ So Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem appealed to Hoham king of Hebron,^(G) Piram king of Jarmuth,^(H) Japhia king of Lachish^(I) and Debir^(J) king of Eglon.^{(K) 4} “Come up and help me attack Gibeon,” he said, “because it has made peace^(L) with Joshua and the Israelites.”

⁵ Then the five kings^(M) of the Amorites^(N)—the kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish and Eglon—joined forces. They moved up with all their troops and took up positions against Gibeon and attacked it.

⁶ The Gibeonites then sent word to Joshua in the camp at Gilgal:^(O) “Do not abandon your servants. Come up to us quickly and save us! Help us, because all the Amorite kings from the hill country have joined forces against us.”

⁷ So Joshua marched up from Gilgal with his entire army,^(P) including all the best fighting men. ⁸ The Lord said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid^(Q) of them; I have given them into your hand.^(R) Not one of them will be able to withstand you.”^(S)

⁹ After an all-night march from Gilgal, Joshua took them by surprise. ¹⁰ The Lord threw them into confusion^(T) before Israel,^(U) so Joshua and the Israelites defeated them completely at Gibeon.^(V) Israel pursued them along the road going up to Beth Horon^(W) and cut them down all the way to Azekah^(X) and Makkedah.^{(Y) 11} As they fled before Israel on the road down from Beth Horon to Azekah, the Lord hurled large hailstones^(Z) down on them,^(AA) and more of them died from the hail than were killed by the swords of the Israelites.

¹² On the day the Lord gave the Amorites^(AB) over to Israel, Joshua said to the Lord in the presence of Israel:

as it is written in the Book of Jashar.^(AE)

The sun stopped^(AF) in the middle of the sky and delayed going down about a full day. ¹⁴ There has never been a day like it before or since, a day when the Lord listened to a human being. Surely the Lord was fighting^(AG) for Israel!

¹⁵ Then Joshua returned with all Israel to the camp at Gilgal.^(AH)

Five Amorite Kings Killed

¹⁶ Now the five kings had fled^(AI) and hidden in the cave at Makkedah. ¹⁷ When Joshua was told that the five kings had been found hiding in the cave at Makkedah, ¹⁸ he said, “Roll large rocks up to the mouth of the cave, and post some men there to guard it. ¹⁹ But don’t stop; pursue your enemies! Attack them from the rear and don’t let them reach their cities, for the Lord your God has given them into your hand.”

²⁰ So Joshua and the Israelites defeated them completely,^(AJ) but a few survivors managed to reach their fortified cities.^{(AK) 21} The whole army then returned safely to Joshua in the camp at Makkedah, and no one uttered a word against the Israelites.

²² Joshua said, “Open the mouth of the cave and bring those five kings out to me.” ²³ So they brought the five kings out of the cave—the kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish and Eglon. ²⁴ When they had brought these kings^(AL) to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the army commanders who had come with him, “Come here and put your feet^(AM) on the necks of these kings.” So they came forward and placed their feet^(AN) on their necks.

²⁵ Joshua said to them, “Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged. Be strong and courageous.^(AO) This is what the Lord will do to all the enemies you are going to fight.” ²⁶ Then Joshua put the kings to death and exposed their bodies on five poles, and they were left hanging on the poles until evening.

²⁷ At sunset^(AP) Joshua gave the order and they took them down from the poles and threw them into the cave where they had been hiding. At the mouth of the cave they placed large rocks, which are there to this day.^(AQ)

Southern Cities Conquered

²⁸ That day Joshua took Makkedah. He put the city and its king to the sword and totally destroyed everyone in it. He left no survivors.^(AR) And he did to the king of Makkedah as he had done to the king of Jericho.^(AS)

²⁹ Then Joshua and all Israel with him moved on from Makkedah to Libnah^(AT) and attacked it. ³⁰ The Lord also gave that city and its king into Israel’s hand. The city and everyone in it Joshua put to the sword. He left no survivors there. And he did to its king as he had done to the king of Jericho.

³¹ Then Joshua and all Israel with him moved on from Libnah to Lachish;^(AU) he took up positions against it and attacked it. ³² The Lord gave Lachish into Israel’s hands, and Joshua took it on the second day. The city and everyone in it he put to the sword, just as he had done to Libnah. ³³ Meanwhile, Horam king of Gezer^(AV) had come up to help Lachish, but Joshua defeated him and his army—until no survivors were left.

³⁴ Then Joshua and all Israel with him moved on from Lachish to Eglon;^(AW) they took up positions against it and attacked it. ³⁵ They captured it that same day and put it to the sword and totally destroyed everyone in it, just as they had done to Lachish.

³⁶ Then Joshua and all Israel with him went up from Eglon to Hebron^(AX) and attacked it. ³⁷ They took the city and put it to the sword, together with its king, its villages and everyone^(AY) in it. They left no survivors. Just as at Eglon, they totally destroyed it and everyone in it.

³⁸ Then Joshua and all Israel with him turned around and attacked Debir.^{(AZ) 39} They took the city, its king and its villages, and put them to the sword. Everyone in it they totally destroyed. They left no survivors. They did to Debir and its king as they had done to Libnah and its king and to Hebron.^(BA)

⁴⁰ So Joshua subdued the whole region, including the hill country, the Negev,^(BB) the western foothills and the mountain slopes,^(BC) together with all their kings.^(BD) He left no survivors. He totally destroyed all who breathed, just as the Lord, the God of Israel, had commanded.^{(BE) 41} Joshua subdued them from Kadesh Barnea^(BF) to Gaza^(BG) and from the whole region of Goshen^(BH) to Gibeon. ⁴² All these kings and their lands Joshua conquered in one campaign, because the Lord, the God of Israel, fought^(BI) for Israel.

⁴³ Then Joshua returned with all Israel to the camp at Gilgal.^(BJ)

Northern Kings Defeated

11 When Jabin^(BK) king of Hazor^(BL) heard of this, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon, to the kings of Shimron^(BM) and Akshaph,^{(BN) 2} and to the northern kings who were in the mountains, in the Arabah^(BO) south of Kinnereth,^(BP) in the western foothills and in Naphoth Dor^(BQ) on the west; ³ to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites^(BR) and Jebusites in the hill country;^(BS) and to the Hivites^(BT) below Hermon^(BU) in the region of Mizpah.^{(BV) 4} They came out with all their troops and a large number of horses and chariots—a huge army, as numerous as the sand on the seashore.^{(BW) 5} All these kings joined forces^(BX) and made camp together at the Waters of Merom^(BY) to fight against Israel.

⁶ The Lord said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of them, because by this time tomorrow I will hand^(BZ) all of them, slain, over to Israel. You are to hamstring^(CA) their horses and burn their chariots.”^(CB)

⁷ So Joshua and his whole army came against them suddenly at the Waters of Merom and attacked them, ⁸ and the Lord gave them into the hand of Israel. They defeated them and pursued them all the way to Greater Sidon,^(CC) to Misrephoth Maim,^(CD) and to the Valley of Mizpah on the east, until no survivors were left. ⁹ Joshua did to them as the Lord had directed: He hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots.

¹⁰ At that time Joshua turned back and captured Hazor and put its king to the sword.^(CE) (Hazor had been the head of all these kingdoms.) ¹¹ Everyone in it they put to the sword. They totally destroyed^[c] them,^(CF) not sparing anyone that breathed,^(CG) and he burned^(CH) Hazor itself.

¹² Joshua took all these royal cities and their kings and put them to the sword. He totally destroyed them, as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded.^{(CI) 13} Yet Israel did not burn any of the cities built on their mounds—except Hazor, which Joshua burned. ¹⁴ The Israelites carried off for themselves all the plunder and livestock of these cities, but all the people they put to the sword until they completely destroyed them, not sparing anyone that breathed.^{(CJ) 15} As the Lord commanded his servant Moses, so Moses commanded Joshua, and Joshua did it; he left nothing undone of all that the Lord commanded Moses.^(CK)

¹⁶ So Joshua took this entire land: the hill country,^(CL) all the Negev,^(CM) the whole region of Goshen, the western foothills,^(CN) the Arabah and the mountains of Israel with their foothills, ¹⁷ from Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir,^(CO) to Baal Gad^(CP) in the Valley of Lebanon^(CQ) below Mount Hermon.^(CR) He captured all their kings and put them to death.^{(CS) 18} Joshua waged war against all these kings for a long time. ¹⁹ Except for the Hivites^(CT) living in Gibeon,^(CU) not one city made a treaty of peace^(CV) with the Israelites, who took them all in battle. ²⁰ For it was the Lord himself who hardened their hearts^(CW) to wage war against Israel, so that he might destroy them totally, exterminating them without mercy, as the Lord had commanded Moses.^(CX)

²¹ At that time Joshua went and destroyed the Anakites^(CY) from the hill country: from Hebron, Debir^(CZ) and Anab,^(DA) from all the hill country of Judah, and from all the hill country of Israel. Joshua totally destroyed them and their towns. ²² No Anakites were left in Israelite territory; only in Gaza,^(DB) Gath^(DC) and Ashdod^(DD) did any survive.

²³ So Joshua took the entire land,^(DE) just as the Lord had directed Moses, and he gave it as an inheritance^(DF) to Israel according to their tribal divisions.^(DG) Then the land had rest^(DH) from war.^(DI)

Joshua’s Farewell to the Leaders

23 After a long time had passed and the Lord had given Israel rest^(A) from all their enemies around them, Joshua, by then a very old man,^{(B) 2} summoned all Israel—their elders,^(C) leaders, judges and officials^(D)—and said to them: “I am very old.^{(E) 3} You yourselves have seen everything the Lord your God has done to all these nations for your sake; it was the Lord your God who fought for you.^{(F) 4} Remember how I have allotted^(G) as an inheritance^(H) for your tribes all the land of the nations that remain—the nations I conquered—between the Jordan and the Mediterranean Sea^(I) in the west. ⁵ The Lord your God himself will push them out^(J) for your sake. He will drive them out^(K) before you, and you will take possession of their land, as the Lord your God promised you.^(L)

⁶ “Be very strong; be careful to obey all that is written in the Book of the Law^(M) of Moses, without turning aside^(N) to the right or to the left.^{(O) 7} Do not associate with these nations that remain among you; do not invoke the names of their gods or swear^(P) by them. You must not serve them or bow down^(Q) to them. ⁸ But you are to hold fast to the Lord^(R) your God, as you have until now.

⁹ “The Lord has driven out before you great and powerful nations;^(S) to this day no one has been able to withstand you.^{(T) 10} One of you routs a thousand,^(U) because the Lord your God fights for you,^(V) just as he promised. ¹¹ So be very careful^(W) to love the Lord^(X) your God.

¹² “But if you turn away and ally yourselves with the survivors of these nations that remain among you and if you intermarry with them^(Y) and associate with them,^{(Z) 13} then you may be sure that the Lord your God will no longer drive out^(AA) these nations before you. Instead, they will become snares^(AB) and traps for you, whips on your backs and thorns in your eyes,^(AC) until you perish from this good land,^(AD) which the Lord your God has given you.

¹⁴ “Now I am about to go the way of all the earth.^(AE) You know with all your heart and soul that not one of all the good promises the Lord your God gave you has failed. Every promise^(AF) has been fulfilled; not one has failed.^{(AG) 15} But just as all the good things^(AH) the Lord your God has promised you have come to you, so he will bring on you all the evil things^(AI) he has threatened, until the Lord your God has destroyed you^(AJ) from this good land he has given you.^{(AK) 16} If you violate the covenant of the Lord your God, which he commanded you, and go and serve other gods and bow down to them, the Lord’s anger will burn against you, and you will quickly perish from the good land he has given you.^(AL)”

The Covenant Renewed at Shechem

24 Then Joshua assembled^(AM) all the tribes of Israel at Shechem.^(AN) He summoned^(AO) the elders,^(AP) leaders, judges and officials of Israel,^(AQ) and they presented themselves before God.

² Joshua said to all the people, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘Long ago your ancestors, including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor,^(AR) lived beyond the Euphrates River and worshiped other gods.^{(AS) 3} But I took your father Abraham from the land beyond the Euphrates and led him throughout Canaan^(AT) and gave him many descendants.^(AU) I gave him Isaac,^{(AV) 4} and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau.^(AW) I assigned the hill country of Seir^(AX) to Esau, but Jacob and his family went down to Egypt.^(AY)

⁵ “‘Then I sent Moses and Aaron,^(AZ) and I afflicted the Egyptians by what I did there, and I brought you out.^{(BA) 6} When I brought your people out of Egypt, you came to the sea,^(BB) and the Egyptians pursued them with chariots and horsemen^[a](BC) as far as the Red Sea.^{[b](BD) 7} But they cried^(BE) to the Lord for help, and he put darkness^(BF) between you and the Egyptians; he brought the sea over them and covered them.^(BG) You saw with your own eyes what I did to the Egyptians.^(BH) Then you lived in the wilderness for a long time.^(BI)

⁸ “‘I brought you to the land of the Amorites^(BJ) who lived east of the Jordan. They fought against you, but I gave them into your hands. I destroyed them from before you, and you took possession of their land.^{(BK) 9} When Balak son of Zippor,^(BL) the king of Moab, prepared to fight against Israel, he sent for Balaam son of Beor^(BM) to put a curse on you.^{(BN) 10} But I would not listen to Balaam, so he blessed you^(BO) again and again, and I delivered you out of his hand.

¹¹ “‘Then you crossed the Jordan^(BP) and came to Jericho.^(BQ) The citizens of Jericho fought against you, as did also the Amorites, Perizzites,^(BR) Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites and Jebusites,^(BS) but I gave them into your hands.^{(BT) 12} I sent the hornet^(BU) ahead of you, which drove them out^(BV) before you—also the two Amorite kings. You did not do it with your own sword and bow.^{(BW) 13} So I gave you a land^(BX) on which you did not toil and cities you did not build; and you live in them and eat from vineyards and olive groves that you did not plant.’^(BY)

¹⁴ “Now fear the Lord^(BZ) and serve him with all faithfulness.^(CA) Throw away the gods^(CB) your ancestors worshiped beyond the Euphrates River and in Egypt,^(CC) and serve the Lord. ¹⁵ But if serving the Lord seems undesirable to you, then choose for yourselves this day whom you will serve, whether the gods your ancestors served beyond the Euphrates, or the gods of the Amorites,^(CD) in whose land you are living. But as for me and my household,^(CE) we will serve the Lord.”^(CF)

¹⁶ Then the people answered, “Far be it from us to forsake^(CG) the Lord to serve other gods! ¹⁷ It was the Lord our God himself who brought us and our parents up out of Egypt, from that land of slavery,^(CH) and performed those great signs^(CI) before our eyes. He protected us on our entire journey and among all the nations through which we traveled. ¹⁸ And the Lord drove out^(CJ) before us all the nations,^(CK) including the Amorites, who lived in the land.^(CL) We too will serve the Lord, because he is our God.^(CM)”

¹⁹ Joshua said to the people, “You are not able to serve the Lord. He is a holy God;^(CN) he is a jealous God.^(CO) He will not forgive^(CP) your rebellion^(CQ) and your sins. ²⁰ If you forsake the Lord^(CR) and serve foreign gods, he will turn^(CS) and bring disaster^(CT) on you and make an end of you,^(CU) after he has been good to you.”

²¹ But the people said to Joshua, “No! We will serve the Lord.”

²² Then Joshua said, “You are witnesses^(CV) against yourselves that you have chosen^(CW) to serve the Lord.”

“Yes, we are witnesses,^(CX)” they replied.

²³ “Now then,” said Joshua, “throw away the foreign gods^(CY) that are among you and yield your hearts^(CZ) to the Lord, the God of Israel.”

²⁴ And the people said to Joshua, “We will serve the Lord our God and obey him.”^(DA)

²⁵ On that day Joshua made a covenant^(DB) for the people, and there at Shechem^(DC) he reaffirmed for them decrees and laws.^{(DD) 26} And Joshua recorded^(DE) these things in the Book of the Law of God.^(DF) Then he took a large stone^(DG) and set it up there under the oak^(DH) near the holy place of the Lord.

²⁷ “See!” he said to all the people. “This stone^(DI) will be a witness^(DJ) against us. It has heard all the words the Lord has said to us. It will be a witness against you if you are untrue^(DK) to your God.”^(DL)

²⁸ Then Joshua dismissed the people, each to their own inheritance.^(DM)

Buried in the Promised Land^(DN)

²⁹ After these things, Joshua son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died^(DO) at the age of a hundred and ten.^{(DP) 30} And they buried him in the land of his inheritance, at Timnath Serah^[c](DQ) in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash.^(DR)

³¹ Israel served the Lord throughout the lifetime of Joshua and of the elders^(DS) who outlived him and who had experienced everything the Lord had done for Israel.

³² And Joseph’s bones,^(DT) which the Israelites had brought up from Egypt,^(DU) were buried at Shechem in the tract of land^(DV) that Jacob bought for a hundred pieces of silver^[d] from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem. This became the inheritance of Joseph’s descendants.

³³ And Eleazar son of Aaron^(DW) died and was buried at Gibeah,^(DX) which had been allotted to his son Phinehas^(DY) in the hill country^(DZ) of Ephraim.