Footnotes

1. John 9:13 tn Grk “who was formerly blind.”
2. John 9:13 sn See the note on Pharisees in 1:24.
3. John 9:14 tn Or “clay” (moistened earth of a clay-like consistency).
4. John 9:14 tn Grk “and opened his eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
5. John 9:14 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.
6. John 9:15 tn Or “how he had become able to see.”sn So the Pharisees asked him. Note the subtlety here: On the surface, the man is being judged. But through him, Jesus is being judged. Yet in reality (as the discerning reader will realize) it is ironically the Pharisees themselves who are being judged by their response to Jesus who is the light of the world (cf. 3:17-21).
7. John 9:15 tn Grk “And he said to them.”
8. John 9:15 tn Or “clay” (moistened earth of a clay-like consistency).
9. John 9:15 tn The word “now” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied to indicate the contrast between the man’s former state (blind) and his present state (able to see).
10. John 9:16 tn As a response to the answers of the man who used to be blind, the use of the imperfect tense in the reply of the Pharisees is best translated as an ingressive imperfect (“began to say” or “started saying”).
11. John 9:16 tn Grk “he does not keep.”
12. John 9:16 sn The Jewish religious leaders considered the work involved in making the mud to be a violation of the Sabbath.
13. John 9:16 tn Grk “do.”
14. John 9:16 tn Or “So there was discord.”
15. John 9:17 tn Grk “the blind man.”
16. John 9:17 tn Grk “since he opened your eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
17. John 9:17 tn Grk “And he said, ‘He is a prophet.’”sn At this point the man, pressed by the Pharisees, admitted there was something special about Jesus. But here, since prophet is anarthrous (is not accompanied by the Greek article) and since in his initial reply in 9:11-12 the man showed no particular insight into the true identity of Jesus, this probably does not refer to the prophet of Deut 18:15, but merely to an unusual person who is capable of working miracles. The Pharisees had put this man on the spot, and he felt compelled to say something about Jesus, but he still didn’t have a clear conception of who Jesus was, so he labeled him a “prophet.”
18. John 9:18 tn Or “the Jewish religious authorities”; Grk “the Jews.” In NT usage the term ᾿Ιουδαῖοι (Ioudaioi) may refer to the entire Jewish people, the residents of Jerusalem and surrounding territory, the authorities in Jerusalem, or merely those who were hostile to Jesus. (For further information see R. G. Bratcher, “‘The Jews’ in the Gospel of John,” BT 26 [1975]: 401-9.) Here the phrase refers mainly to the Pharisees, mentioned by name in John 9:13, 15, 16. References in this context to Pharisees and to the synagogue (v. 22) suggest an emphasis on the religious nature of the debate which is brought out by the translation “the Jewish religious leaders.”
19. John 9:18 tn The Greek text contains the words “about him” at this point: “the Jewish authorities did not believe about him…”
20. John 9:18 tn Grk “they called.”
21. John 9:18 tn Or “the man who had gained his sight.”
22. John 9:19 tn Grk “and they asked them, saying”; the referent (the parents) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
23. John 9:19 tn The Greek pronoun and verb are both plural (both parents are addressed).
24. John 9:20 tn Grk “So his parents answered and said.”
25. John 9:21 tn Grk “who opened his eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
26. John 9:21 tn Or “he is of age.”
27. John 9:22 tn Or “the Jewish religious authorities”; Grk “the Jews.” Twice in this verse the phrase refers to the Pharisees, mentioned by name in John 9:13, 15, 16. The second occurrence is shortened to “the Jewish leaders” for stylistic reasons. See the note on the phrase “the Jewish religious leaders” in v. 18.
28. John 9:22 tn Grk “confessed him.”
29. John 9:22 tn Or “the Messiah” (Both Greek “Christ” and Hebrew and Aramaic “Messiah” mean “one who has been anointed”).sn See the note on Christ in 1:20.
30. John 9:22 tn Or “would be expelled from.”
31. John 9:22 sn This reference to excommunication from the Jewish synagogue for those who had made some sort of confession about Jesus being the Messiah is dismissed as anachronistic by some (e.g., Barrett) and nonhistorical by others. In later Jewish practice there were at least two forms of excommunication: a temporary ban for thirty days, and a permanent ban. But whether these applied in NT times is far from certain. There is no substantial evidence for a formal ban on Christians until later than this Gospel could possibly have been written. This may be a reference to some form of excommunication adopted as a contingency to deal with those who were proclaiming Jesus to be the Messiah. If so, there is no other record of the procedure than here. It was probably local, limited to the area around Jerusalem. See also the note on synagogue in 6:59.
32. John 9:23 tn Or “he is of age.”
33. John 9:23 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author explaining the parents’ response.
34. John 9:24 tn Grk “they called.”
35. John 9:24 tn Grk “who was blind.”
36. John 9:24 tn Grk “Give glory to God” (an idiomatic formula used in placing someone under oath to tell the truth).
37. John 9:24 tn The phrase “this man” is a reference to Jesus.
38. John 9:25 tn Grk “Then that one answered.”
39. John 9:26 tn Grk “open your eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
40. John 9:27 tn Grk “He answered them.” The indirect object αὐτοῖς (autois) has not been translated for stylistic reasons.
41. John 9:27 tn Grk “you did not hear.”
42. John 9:27 tn “It” is not in the Greek text but has been supplied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when they were clearly implied in the context.
43. John 9:27 tn The word “people” is supplied in the translation to clarify the plural Greek pronoun and verb.
44. John 9:28 tn Grk “And they.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
45. John 9:28 tn The Greek word means “to insult strongly” or “slander.”
46. John 9:28 tn Grk “and said.”
47. John 9:28 tn Grk “You are that one’s disciple.”
48. John 9:29 tn Grk “where this one.”
49. John 9:30 tn Grk “The man answered and said to them.” This has been simplified in the translation to “The man replied.”
50. John 9:30 tn Grk “For in this is a remarkable thing.”
51. John 9:30 tn Grk “and he opened my eyes” (an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
52. John 9:31 tn Grk “God does not hear.”
53. John 9:31 tn Or “godly.”
54. John 9:31 tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
55. John 9:31 tn Or “hears.”
56. John 9:31 tn Grk “this one.”
57. John 9:32 tn Or “Never from the beginning of time,” Grk “From eternity.”
58. John 9:32 tn Grk “someone opening the eyes of a man born blind” (“opening the eyes” is an idiom referring to restoration of sight).
59. John 9:33 tn Grk “this one.”
60. John 9:34 tn Grk “They answered and said to him.” This has been simplified in the translation to “They replied.”
61. John 9:34 tn Or “From birth you have been evil.” The implication of this insult, in the context of John 9, is that the man whom Jesus caused to see had not previously adhered rigorously to all the conventional requirements of the OT law as interpreted by the Pharisees. Thus he had no right to instruct them about who Jesus was.
62. John 9:34 tn Grk “and are you teaching us?”