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ヨハネの福音書 3
Japanese Living Bible

新しいいのちが与えられる

3 1-2 とっぷり日も暮れたある夜のこと、パリサイ人で、ニコデモという名のユダヤ人の指導者がイエスに会いに来ました。「先生。だれも、あなたが神から遣わされた教師であることを知っております。あなたのなさる奇跡を見ればわかることです。」 3 「そうですか。でもよく言っておきますが、あなたはもう一度生まれ直さなければ、絶対に神の国に入れません。」 4 ニコデモは、思わず言いました。「ええっ、もう一度生まれるのですか。いったい、どういうことですか。年をとった人間が母親の胎内に戻って、もう一度生まれることなどできるわけがありません。」 5 「よく言っておきますが、だれでも水と御霊によって生まれなければ、神の国には入れません。 6 人間からは人間のいのちが生まれるだけです。けれども御霊は、天からの、全く新しいいのちを下さるのです。 7 もう一度生まれなければならないといって、驚くことはありません。 8 風は音が聞こえるだけで、どこから吹いて来て、どこへ行くのかわかりません。御霊も同じことです。次はだれにこの天からのいのちが与えられるか、わからないのです。」 9 「それはいったい、どういうことですか？」 10 「あなたはみなに尊敬されているユダヤ人の教師ではありませんか。このようなこともわからないのですか。 11 わたしは知っていること、見たことだけを話しているのです。それなのに、あなたがたは信じてくれません。 12 わたしが話しているのは、人間の世界で現に起こっていることなのです。それも信じられないくらいなら、天で起こることなど話したところで、とても信じられないでしょう。 13 メシヤのわたしだけが、この地上に下って来て、また天に帰るのです。 14 モーセが荒野で、青銅で作った蛇をさおの先に掲げたように（民数21・9）、わたしも木の上に上げられなければなりません。 15 わたしを信じる人がみな、永遠のいのちを持つためです。」

16 実に神は、ひとり子をさえ惜しまず与えるほどに、この世界を愛してくださいました。それは、神の御子を信じる者が、だれ一人滅びず、永遠のいのちを得るためです。 17 神がご自分の御子を世にお遣わしになったのは、世をさばくためではなく、世を救うためです。 18 この神の子を信じる者は、永遠の滅びを免れます。しかし信じない者は、神のひとり子を信じなかったので、すでにさばかれているのです。 19 そのさばきに会ったのは、天からの光が世に来ているのに、行いが悪く、光よりも闇を愛したからです。 20 彼らは天からの光をきらい、罪が暴露されるのを恐れて、光のほうに来ようとしません。 21 しかし正しいことを行っている人は、喜んで光のほうに来ます。神の望まれることを行っていることが、はっきりわかるためです。

22 その後、イエスと弟子たちはエルサレムを去り、しばらくユダヤに滞在し、バプテスマ（洗礼）を授けていました。

バプテスマのヨハネとイエスの役割

23-24 そのころまだ、バプテスマのヨハネは投獄されておらず、サリムに近いアイノンでバプテスマを授けていました。そこは水が豊富にあったからです。

25 ある日、ヨハネの弟子たちと一人のユダヤ人の間で、ヨハネのバプテスマとイエスのバプテスマのどちらがすぐれているかで議論になりました。 26 弟子たちは、ヨハネのところに来てぐちをこぼしました。「先生。ヨルダン川の向こう岸でお会いした、あなたがメシヤだとおっしゃったあの方も、バプテスマを授けておられるそうです。みんなこちらには来ないで、どんどんあの方のほうへ行ってしまいます。」 27 ヨハネは答えました。「天の神様が、一人一人にそれぞれの役割を決めてくださいます。 28 私の役目は、だれもがあの方のところへ行けるように道を備えることです。私はキリストではないと、はっきり言ったはずです。あの方のために道を備えるために、私はここにいるのです。 29 一番魅力を感じるものに人々が集まるのは当然で、花嫁は花婿のもとへ行き、花婿の友達は花婿といっしょに喜びます。私は花婿の友達だから、花婿の喜ぶ声を聞くと、うれしくてたまらないのです。 30 あの方はますます偉大になり、私はますます力を失います。

31 あの方は天から来られた方で、ほかのだれよりも偉大なお方です。地から出た者は、地上のことしかわかりません。 32 あの方は、見たこと聞いたことをあかしされますが、それを信じる人はなんと少ないことでしょう。 33 そのあかしを信じれば、神が真理の源であることがわかります。 34 神から遣わされたあの方は、神のことばをお話しになります。神の御霊が無限に注がれているからです。 35 父なる神はこの方を愛し、万物をこの方にお与えになりました。 36 この方は神の御子なのです。この方に救っていただけると信じる者はだれでも、永遠のいのちを得ます。しかし、この方に従わない者は、天国を見ることができないばかりか、神の怒りがその人の上にとどまるのです。」

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John 3
Lexham English Bible

A Meeting with Nicodemus

3 Now there was a man of the Pharisees whose name was[a] Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews. 2 This man came to him at night and said to him, “Rabbi, we know that you are[b] a teacher who has come from God, for no one is able to perform these signs that you are performing unless God were with him.” 3 Jesus answered and said to him, “Truly, truly I say to you, unless someone is born from above,[c] he is not able to see the kingdom of God.” 4 Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is an old man? He is not able to enter into his mother’s womb for the second time and be born, can he?”[d]

5 Jesus answered, “Truly, truly I say to you, unless someone is born of water and spirit, he is not able to enter into the kingdom of God. 6 What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. 7 Do not be astonished that I said to you, ‘It is necessary for you to be born from above.’[e] 8 The wind blows wherever it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but you do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

9 Nicodemus answered and said to him, “How can these things be?” 10 Jesus answered and said to him, “Are you the teacher of Israel, and you do not understand these things? 11 Truly, truly I say to you, we speak what we know, and we testify about what we have seen, and you do not accept our testimony! 12 If I tell you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you heavenly things? 13 And no one has ascended into heaven except the one who descended from heaven—the Son of Man. 14 And just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness,[f] thus it is necessary that the Son of Man be lifted up, 15 so that everyone who believes in him will have eternal life.”[g]

God’s Love for the World

16 For in this way God loved the world, so that he gave his one and only Son, in order that everyone who believes in him will not perish, but will have eternal life. 17 For God did not send his Son into the world in order that he should judge[h] the world, but in order that the world should be saved through him. 18 The one who believes in him is not judged,[i] but the one who does not believe has already been judged,[j] because he has not believed in the name of the one and only Son of God. 19 And this is the judgment: that the light has come into the world, and people loved the darkness rather than the light, because their deeds were evil. 20 For everyone who practices evil hates the light and does not come to the light, lest his deeds be exposed. 21 But the one who practices the truth comes to the light, in order that his deeds may be revealed, that they are done in God.

Additional Testimony by John the Baptist About Jesus

22 After these things Jesus and his disciples came into Judean territory, and there he spent time with them and was baptizing. 23 Now John was also baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because water was plentiful there, and they were coming and were being baptized. 24 (For John had not yet been thrown into prison.)

25 So a dispute occurred on the part of John’s disciples with a Jew[k] concerning purification. 26 And they came to John and said to him, “Rabbi, he who was with you on the other side of the Jordan, about whom you testified—look, this one is baptizing, and all are coming to him!”

27 John answered and said, “A man can receive not one thing unless it is granted to him from heaven! 28 You yourselves testify about me that I said, ‘I am not the Christ, but I am sent before that one.’ 29 The one who has the bride is the bridegroom. But the friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly[l] because of the bridegroom’s voice. So this joy of mine is complete. 30 It is necessary for that one to increase, but for me to decrease.”

31 The one who comes from above is over all. The one who is from the earth is from the earth and speaks from the earth; the one who comes from heaven is over all. 32 What he has seen and heard, this he testifies, and no one accepts his testimony. 33 The one who accepts his testimony has attested that God is true. 34 For the one whom God sent speaks the words of God, for he does not give the Spirit by measure. 35 The Father loves the Son and has given all things into his hand. 36 The one who believes in the Son has eternal life, but the one who disobeys the Son will not see life—but the wrath of God remains on him.[m]

Footnotes

  1. John 3:1 Literally “the name to him”
  2. John 3:2 Here both the pronoun and verb are understood in Greek and are supplied in the translation
  3. John 3:3 The same Greek word can mean either “from above” or “again,” which allows for the misunderstanding by Nicodemus here; Jesus was speaking of new birth “from above,” while Nicodemus misunderstood him to mean a second physical birth
  4. John 3:4 *The negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated in the translation by the phrase “can he”
  5. John 3:7 The same Greek word can mean either “from above” or “again” (see also v. 3)
  6. John 3:14 An allusion to Num 21:5–9
  7. John 3:15 Some interpreters and Bible translations extend the quotation of Jesus’ words through v. 21
  8. John 3:17 Or “he should condemn”
  9. John 3:18 Or “condemned”
  10. John 3:18 Or “been condemned”
  11. John 3:25 Some significant early manuscripts read “the Jews”
  12. John 3:29 Literally “with joy”
  13. John 3:36 Some interpreters and Bible translations extend the quotation of John the Baptist’s words through v. 36
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John 3
New American Bible (Revised Edition)

Chapter 3

Nicodemus.[a] 1 (A)Now there was a Pharisee named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews.[b] 2 He came to Jesus at night and said to him, “Rabbi, we know that you are a teacher who has come from God, for no one can do these signs that you are doing unless God is with him.”(B) 3 Jesus answered and said to him, “Amen, amen, I say to you, no one can see the kingdom of God without being born[c] from above.” 4 Nicodemus said to him, “How can a person once grown old be born again? Surely he cannot reenter his mother’s womb and be born again, can he?”(C) 5 Jesus answered, “Amen, amen, I say to you, no one can enter the kingdom of God without being born of water and Spirit.(D) 6 What is born of flesh is flesh and what is born of spirit is spirit.(E) 7 Do not be amazed that I told you, ‘You must be born from above.’ 8 The wind[d] blows where it wills, and you can hear the sound it makes, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes; so it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”(F) 9 Nicodemus answered and said to him, “How can this happen?” 10 Jesus answered and said to him, “You are the teacher of Israel and you do not understand this? 11 Amen, amen, I say to you, we speak of what we know and we testify to what we have seen, but you people do not accept our testimony.(G) 12 If I tell you about earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you about heavenly things?(H) 13 No one has gone up to heaven except the one who has come down from heaven, the Son of Man.(I) 14 And just as Moses lifted up[e] the serpent in the desert, so must the Son of Man be lifted up,(J) 15 [f]so that everyone who believes in him may have eternal life.”

16 For God so loved the world that he gave[g] his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him might not perish but might have eternal life.(K) 17 For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn[h] the world, but that the world might be saved through him.(L) 18 Whoever believes in him will not be condemned, but whoever does not believe has already been condemned, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.(M) 19 [i]And this is the verdict,(N) that the light came into the world, but people preferred darkness to light, because their works were evil. 20 For everyone who does wicked things hates the light and does not come toward the light, so that his works might not be exposed.(O) 21 But whoever lives the truth comes to the light, so that his works may be clearly seen as done in God.(P)

Final Witness of the Baptist. 22 [j]After this, Jesus and his disciples went into the region of Judea, where he spent some time with them baptizing.(Q) 23 John was also baptizing in Aenon near Salim,[k] because there was an abundance of water there, and people came to be baptized, 24 [l](R)for John had not yet been imprisoned. 25 Now a dispute arose between the disciples of John and a Jew[m] about ceremonial washings. 26 So they came to John and said to him, “Rabbi, the one who was with you across the Jordan, to whom you testified, here he is baptizing and everyone is coming to him.”(S) 27 John answered and said, “No one can receive anything except what has been given him from heaven.(T) 28 You yourselves can testify that I said [that] I am not the Messiah, but that I was sent before him.(U) 29 The one who has the bride is the bridegroom; the best man,[n] who stands and listens to him, rejoices greatly at the bridegroom’s voice. So this joy of mine has been made complete.(V) 30 He must increase; I must decrease.”(W)

The One from Heaven.[o] 31 The one who comes from above is above all. The one who is of the earth is earthly and speaks of earthly things. But the one who comes from heaven [is above all].(X) 32 He testifies to what he has seen and heard, but no one accepts his testimony.(Y) 33 Whoever does accept his testimony certifies that God is trustworthy.(Z) 34 For the one whom God sent speaks the words of God. He does not ration his gift[p] of the Spirit. 35 The Father loves the Son and has given everything over to him.(AA) 36 Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life, but whoever disobeys the Son will not see life, but the wrath of God remains upon him.(AB)

Footnotes

  1. 3:1–21 Jesus instructs Nicodemus on the necessity of a new birth from above. This scene in Jerusalem at Passover exemplifies the faith engendered by signs (Jn 2:23). It continues the self-manifestation of Jesus in Jerusalem begun in Jn 2. This is the first of the Johannine discourses, shifting from dialogue to monologue (Jn 3:11–15) to reflection of the evangelist (Jn 3:16–21). The shift from singular through Jn 3:10 to plural in Jn 3:11 may reflect the early church’s controversy with the Jews.
  2. 3:1 A ruler of the Jews: most likely a member of the Jewish council, the Sanhedrin; see note on Mk 8:31.
  3. 3:3 Born: see note on Jn 1:13. From above: the Greek adverb anōthen means both “from above” and “again.” Jesus means “from above” (see Jn 3:31) but Nicodemus misunderstands it as “again.” This misunderstanding serves as a springboard for further instruction.
  4. 3:8 Wind: the Greek word pneuma (as well as the Hebrew rûah) means both “wind” and “spirit.” In the play on the double meaning, “wind” is primary.
  5. 3:14 Lifted up: in Nm 21:9, Moses simply “mounted” a serpent upon a pole. John here substitutes a verb implying glorification. Jesus, exalted to glory at his cross and resurrection, represents healing for all.
  6. 3:15 Eternal life: used here for the first time in John, this term stresses quality of life rather than duration.
  7. 3:16 Gave: as a gift in the incarnation, and also “over to death” in the crucifixion; cf. Rom 8:32.
  8. 3:17–19 Condemn: the Greek root means both judgment and condemnation. Jesus’ purpose is to save, but his coming provokes judgment; some condemn themselves by turning from the light.
  9. 3:19 Judgment is not only future but is partially realized here and now.
  10. 3:22–26 Jesus’ ministry in Judea is only loosely connected with Jn 2:13–3:21; cf. Jn 1:19–36. Perhaps John the Baptist’s further testimony was transposed here to give meaning to “water” in Jn 3:5. Jesus is depicted as baptizing (Jn 3:22); contrast Jn 4:2.
  11. 3:23 Aenon near Salim: site uncertain, either in the upper Jordan valley or in Samaria.
  12. 3:24 A remark probably intended to avoid objections based on a chronology like that of the synoptics (Mt 4:12; Mk 1:14).
  13. 3:25 A Jew: some think Jesus is meant. Many manuscripts read “Jews.”
  14. 3:29 The best man: literally, “the friend of the groom,” the shoshben of Jewish tradition, who arranged the wedding. Competition between him and the groom would be unthinkable.
  15. 3:31–36 It is uncertain whether these are words by the Baptist, Jesus, or the evangelist. They are reflections on the two preceding scenes.
  16. 3:34 His gift: of God or to Jesus, perhaps both. This verse echoes Jn 3:5, 8.
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New American Bible (Revised Edition) (NABRE)

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