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John 12
Lexham English Bible

Jesus Is Anointed at Bethany

12 Then, six days before the Passover, Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, whom Jesus had raised from the dead. 2 So they made him a dinner there, and Martha was serving, but Lazarus was one of the ones reclining at table with him. 3 Then Mary took a pound[a] of ointment of very valuable genuine nard and[b] anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair. And the house was filled with the fragrance of the ointment. 4 But Judas Iscariot, one of his disciples (the one who was going to betray him) said, 5 “Why[c] was this ointment not sold for three hundred denarii and given to the poor?” 6 (Now he said this not because he was concerned[d] about the poor, but because he was a thief, and having the money box, he used to steal what was put into it.)[e] 7 So Jesus said, “Leave her alone, so that she may keep it for the day of my preparation for burial. 8 For you have the poor with you always, but you do not always have me.”

The Decision to Kill Lazarus

9 Now a large crowd[f] of Jews found out that he was there, and they came, not only because of Jesus, but so that they could see Lazarus also, whom he raised from the dead. 10 So the chief priests decided that they would kill Lazarus also, 11 because on account of him many of the Jews were going and believing in Jesus.

The Triumphal Entry

12 On the next day the large crowd who had come to the feast, when they[g] heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, 13 took the branches of palm trees and went out to meet him, and began crying out,

“Hosanna!
Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord,[h]
even the king of Israel!”

14 So Jesus found a young donkey and[i] sat on it, just as it is written,

15 “Do not be afraid, daughter of Zion!
Behold, your king is coming,
seated on the foal of a donkey!”[j]

16 (His disciples did not understand these things at first, but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things had been written about him and they did these things to him.) 17 So the crowd who was with him when he called Lazarus out of the tomb and raised him from the dead were continuing to testify. 18 Because of this also the crowd went to meet him, for they had heard that he had performed this sign. 19 So the Pharisees said to one another, “You see that you are accomplishing nothing! Behold, the world has gone after him.”

Greeks Seeking Jesus

20 Now some Greeks were among those who had gone up in order to worship at the feast. 21 So these approached Philip, who was from Bethsaida in Galilee, and began asking him saying, “Sir, we want to see Jesus.” 22 Philip went and told Andrew. Andrew and Philip went and told Jesus. 23 And Jesus answered them, saying, “The hour has come that the Son of Man will be glorified. 24 Truly, truly I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and[k] dies, it remains by itself alone. But if it dies, it bears much fruit. 25 The one who loves his life loses it, and the one who hates his life in this world preserves it for eternal life. 26 If anyone serves me, he must follow me, and where I am, there my servant will be also. If anyone serves me, the Father will honor him.

Jesus Predicts His Death

27 “Now my soul is troubled, and what shall I say? ‘Father, deliver me from this hour’? But for this reason I have come to this hour! 28 Father, glorify your name!” Then a voice came from heaven, “I have both glorified it,[l] and I will glorify it[m] again.” 29 Now the crowd that stood there and heard it[n] said it had thundered.[o] Others were saying, “An angel has spoken to him!” 30 Jesus answered and said, “This voice has not happened for my sake, but for your sake. 31 Now is the judgment of this world! Now the ruler of this world will be thrown out! 32 And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.” 33 (Now he said this to indicate by what sort of death he was going to die.)

34 Then the crowd replied to him, “We have heard from the law that the Christ remains forever![p] And how do you say that the Son of Man must be lifted up? Who is this Son of Man?” 35 So Jesus said to them, “Yet a little time the light is with you! Walk while you have the light, so that the darkness does not overtake you! And the one who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going. 36 While you have the light, believe in the light, in order that you may become sons of light.” Jesus said these things, and then he went away and[q] was hidden from them.

The People Still Refuse to Believe

37 But as many signs as he had performed before them, they did not believe in him, 38 in order that the word of the prophet Isaiah would be fulfilled, who said,

“Lord, who has believed our message?
    And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?”[r]

39 For this reason they were not able to believe, because again Isaiah said,

40 “He has blinded their eyes
    and hardened their hearts,
lest they see with their[s] eyes
    and understand with their[t] hearts
and turn, and I heal them.”[u]

41 Isaiah said these things because he saw his glory, and he spoke about him.

42 Yet despite that, even many of the rulers believed in him, but because of the Pharisees they did not confess it,[v] so that they would not be expelled from the synagogue. 43 For they loved the praise of men more than praise from God.

Jesus’ Final Public Appeal

44 But Jesus cried out and said, “The one who believes in me does not believe in me, but in the one who sent me, 45 and the one who sees me sees the one who sent me. 46 I have come as a light into the world, in order that everyone who believes in me will not remain in the darkness. 47 And if anyone hears my words and does not observe them,[w] I will not judge him. For I have not come to judge the world, but to save the world. 48 The one who rejects me and does not accept my words has one who judges him; the word that I have spoken will judge him on the last day. 49 For I have not spoken from myself, but the Father himself who sent me has commanded me[x] what I should say and what I should speak. 50 And I know that his commandment is eternal life. So the things that I say, just as the Father said to me, thus I say.”

Footnotes

  1. John 12:3 The Greek term refers to a Roman pound, 327.45 grams (approximately 12 ounces)
  2. John 12:3 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb
  3. John 12:5 Literally “because of what”
  4. John 12:6 Literally “it was a concern to him”
  5. John 12:6 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  6. John 12:9 Some manuscripts have “the large crowd”
  7. John 12:12 Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
  8. John 12:13 A quotation from Ps 118:25–26
  9. John 12:14 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“found”) has been translated as a finite verb
  10. John 12:15 A quotation from Zech 9:9
  11. John 12:24 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“falls”) has been translated as a finite verb
  12. John 12:28 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  13. John 12:28 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  14. John 12:29 Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  15. John 12:29 Literally “thunder had happened”
  16. John 12:34 Literally “for the age”; probably an allusion to Ps 89:35–37 (in common usage “law” could refer to the entire Old Testament)
  17. John 12:36 Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb
  18. John 12:38 A quotation from Isa 53:1
  19. John 12:40 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  20. John 12:40 Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  21. John 12:40 A quotation from Isa 6:10
  22. John 12:42 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  23. John 12:47 *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  24. John 12:49 Literally “has given me commandment”
Close LB

Johannes 12
En Levende Bok

Maria salver Jesus med olje

12 Seks dager før påskefeiringen begynte, kom Jesus tilbake til Betania der Lasarus bodde. Lasarus var mannen som Jesus hadde vekket opp fra de døde. 2 Det ble ordnet med et festmåltid til ære for Jesus. Marta serverte, og Lasarus var en av dem som spiste sammen med Jesus ved bordet.

3 Da tok Maria en flaske[a] aromatisk, kostbar nardusolje og salvet føttene til Jesus og tørket med håret sitt. Hele huset ble fylt av duften fra oljen.

4 Judas Iskariot, den av disiplene som seinere skulle forråde Jesus, sa da: 5 ”Denne oljen var jo nesten verd like mye som lønnen for et helt år. Hvorfor solgte hun den heller ikke i stedet og ga pengene til de fattige?” 6 Dette sa han ikke fordi han brydde seg om de fattige, men fordi han var en tyv. Han var kasserer for den felles pengebeholdningen Jesus og disiplene hadde, og han brukte å underslå penger fra den.

7 Jesus svarte: ”La henne være i fred! Hun sparte denne oljen slik at den kunne bli brukt som forberedelse for begravelsen min. 8 De fattige vil dere alltid ha iblant dere, men meg kommer dere ikke til å ha iblant dere særlig lenge til.”

9 Da folket fikk høre at Jesus var der, kom de for å treffe ham. Noen kom også for å se Lasarus, mannen som han hadde vekt opp fra de døde. 10 Øversteprestene bestemte seg da for å drepe Lasarus også, 11 etter som flere og flere jøder tok avstand fra lederne og i stedet begynte å tro på Jesus.

Jesus rir inn i Jerusalem på et esel

12 Neste dag spredde nyheten seg over hele Jerusalem om at Jesus var på vei inn i byen. En stor folkemasse som var kommet for å feire påske, 13 tok palmegrener og gikk ut på veien for å møte ham. De ropte: outing,

”Vi hyller deg![b]
Vi ærer deg som er sendt av Herren,[c]
du som er Israels konge!”

14 Jesus fant et ungt esel og satte seg på det og red av sted mot byen, akkurat som Gud hadde forutsagt i Skriften[d]:

15 ”Vær ikke redde, dere Jerusalems innbyggere[e] .
Se, deres konge kommer til dere,
ridende på en eselfole.”[f]

16 Disiplene forsto ikke i dette øyeblikket rekkevidden av det Gud hadde forutsagt om Jesus i Skriften, og at det ble virkelighet ved det som skjedde. Da Jesus hadde vendt tilbake til sin herlighet i himmelen, kom de til å huske hva Gud hadde forutsagt.

17 Alle som hadde vært med da Jesus vekte opp Lasarus fra de døde, hadde fortalt folket det Jesus hadde gjort. 18 Dette fantastiske miraklet var hovedårsaken til at så mange gikk ut for å møte ham.

19 Fariseerne[g] sa til hverandre: ”Ingen ting hjelper! Hvert eneste menneske løper jo etter ham!”

Jesus forklarer hvorfor han må dø

20 Blant dem som hadde kommet til Jerusalem for å feire påske, var det også noen grekere. 21 De kom til Filip, han som var fra Betsaida i Galilea, og sa: ”Min herre, vi ville så gjerne treffe Jesus.” 22 Filip gikk da og snakket om dette med Andreas. Sammen gikk de og fortalte det til Jesus.

23 Jesus svarte: ”Den tiden er nå kommet som Gud har bestemt at jeg, Menneskesønnen[h], skal vende tilbake til den herligheten som var min i himmelen. 24 Sannheten er at jeg må dø på samme måte som et hvetekorn som faller i jorden og dør. Dersom hvetekornet ikke dør, blir det fortsatt bare det ene kornet. Om det derimot dør, da gir det en stor avling. På samme måten vil min død gi liv til mange. 25 Den som elsker livet sitt mer enn noe annet, vil miste det, men den som er villig til å miste livet sitt, skal redde det og få evig liv.

26 Dersom noen vil ha meg til Herre, da må han følge meg. Tjenerne mine må være der jeg er. Den som har meg til Herre, skal bli æret av min Far i himmelen. 27 I dette øyeblikket er jeg fylt av angst. Men jeg kan ikke be: ’Far i himmelen, redd meg fra den fryktelige timen som venter meg’. Det er jo for denne avgjørende stunden jeg er kommet. 28 Far i himmelen, pass på at du blir opphøyd og æret!”

Da hørte de en stemme fra himmelen som sa: ”Gjennom dine mirakler er jeg allerede blitt opphøyd og æret, og jeg skal igjen bli det gjennom din død og oppstandelse.” 29 Da folket som sto rundt hørte stemmen, trodde de at det var torden, mens andre sa at det måtte være en engel som hadde snakket til ham.

30 Jesus sa: ”Stemmen ble hørt for deres skyld, ikke for min. 31 Tiden er nå kommet da denne verden skal bli dømt, for nå skal Satan, som er høvding i denne verden, bli overvunnet. 32 Når jeg har blitt løftet opp[i] fra jorden, skal jeg dra alle til meg.” 33 Dette sa han for å gjøre det klart for alle hvordan han skulle dø.

34 ”Skal du dø?” protesterte folket. ”Vi har lært at det står i Skriften[j] at Messias, den lovede kongen, skal leve i evighet. Dersom du nå er Messias, Menneskesønnen som det står om i Skriften, hvorfor må du da bli løftet opp? Er det en annen Menneskesønn du snakker om?”

35 Jesus svarte: ”Mitt lys vil bare lyse for dere en kort tid til. Gå i mitt lys mens dere kan, slik at ikke mørket får makt over livet deres. Den som går i mørket, går seg vill. 36 Tro på meg som er lyset mens dere fortsatt har sjansen til det, da vil dere bli barn av lyset.” Da Jesus hadde sagt dette, gikk han bort og skjulte seg.

Folket vil ikke tro på Jesus

37 Til tross for alle miraklene Jesus hadde gjort, var det mange blant folket som ikke trodde at han var sendt av Gud. 38 Dette faktum bekreftet forutsigelsen som Gud lot profeten Jesaja uttale om Jesus:

”Herre, hvem trodde på det vi fikk høre,
    og for hvem har Herren vist makten sin til å frelse?”[k]

39 Folket kunne helt enkelt ikke tro, for Jesaja hadde også fortalt:

40 ”Gud har forblindet øynene deres,
    slik at de ikke kan se,
og har gjort hjertene deres harde og likegyldige,
    slik at de ikke kan forstå.
Derfor kan de ikke vende om til meg og bli helbredet.”[l]

41 Dette kunne Jesaja si etter som Gud lot ham se den herlighet Jesus hadde i himmelen, og det var om Jesus han skrev.

42 Likevel var det mange, til og med i Det jødiske rådet[m], som trodde at Jesus var sendt av Gud. De våget bare ikke å bekjenne det åpent, etter som de var redde at fariseerne[n] skulle ekskludere dem fra Den jødiske menigheten. 43 De ville heller bli akseptert av mennesker enn av Gud.

44 Jesus ropte til folket: ”Dersom dere tror på meg, da tror dere i virkeligheten på ham som har sendt meg. 45 Den som ser meg, han ser også ham som har sendt meg. 46 Jeg er kommet som et lys til verden, for at ingen som tror på meg, skal bli i mørket. 47 Om noen hører min lære og ikke vil å følge den, da dømmer ikke jeg ham. Jeg er ikke kommet for å dømme menneskene, men for å frelse. 48 Nei, den som nekter å tro på meg og ikke tar imot budskapet mitt, han skal bli dømt av de sannhetene jeg har undervist om når dagen kommer og Gud dømmer alle. 49 Det jeg taler, er ikke mine egne tanker, men kommer fra min Far i himmelen. Han som har sendt meg, har bestemt det jeg skal si til dere. 50 Jeg vet at budskapet hans gir evig liv. Derfor forteller jeg det han vil at jeg skal si dere.”

Footnotes

  1. 12:3 Et romersk pund, det vil si 375,45 gr eller omkring ½ liter.
  2. 12:13 I grunnteksten: ”Hosianna”, et hebraisk ord for å hylle og som ordrett betyr ”frelse”.
  3. 12:13 På gresk: ”Velsignet er han som kommer i Herrens navn”. Se Salmenes bok 118:25-26.
  4. 12:14 ”Skriften” for jødene er Bibelens første del, den som vi kaller Det gamle testamente.
  5. 12:15 På gresk: du datter Sion. Jerusalem er bygget på fjellet Sion.
  6. 12:15 Se Sakarja 9:9.
  7. 12:19 Fariseerne var et religiøst parti blant jødene.
  8. 12:23 ”Menneskesønnen” er et hebraisk ord for å si ”av mennesker”. Det var en tittel på Messias, den lovede kongen, hentet fra Daniel 7:13-14.
  9. 12:32 Eller: ble hengt opp. Uttrykket viser til både på at Jesus skulle henges opp på et kors og på at han skulle bli løftet opp til himmelen.
  10. 12:34 På gresk: loven. Med loven menes her hele den jødiske Skriften, det vil si. Bibelens første del, den som vi kaller Det gamle testamente.
  11. 12:38 Se Jesaja 53:1.
  12. 12:40 Se Jesaja 6:9-10.
  13. 12:42 Det jødiske rådet hadde omkring 70 medlemmer, og besto av alle de religiøse og politiske lederne i Israel. Rådet fungerte under den romerske okkupasjonen som domstol, men hadde også rett til å bestemme i enkelte politiske spørsmål.
  14. 12:42 Fariseerne var et religiøst parti blant jødene.
Close NABRE

John 12
New American Bible (Revised Edition)

Chapter 12

The Anointing at Bethany.(A) 1 [a]Six days before Passover Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, whom Jesus had raised from the dead.(B) 2 They gave a dinner for him there, and Martha served, while Lazarus was one of those reclining at table with him.(C) 3 Mary took a liter of costly perfumed oil made from genuine aromatic nard and anointed the feet of Jesus[b] and dried them with her hair; the house was filled with the fragrance of the oil.(D) 4 Then Judas the Iscariot, one [of] his disciples, and the one who would betray him, said, 5 “Why was this oil not sold for three hundred days’ wages[c] and given to the poor?” 6 He said this not because he cared about the poor but because he was a thief and held the money bag and used to steal the contributions.(E) 7 So Jesus said, “Leave her alone. Let her keep this for the day of my burial.[d] 8 You always have the poor with you, but you do not always have me.”(F)

9 [The] large crowd of the Jews found out that he was there and came, not only because of Jesus, but also to see Lazarus, whom he had raised from the dead.(G) 10 And the chief priests plotted to kill Lazarus too, 11 because many of the Jews were turning away and believing in Jesus because of him.(H)

The Entry into Jerusalem.[e] 12 (I)On the next day, when the great crowd that had come to the feast heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, 13 they took palm branches[f] and went out to meet him, and cried out:

“Hosanna!
Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord,
    [even] the king of Israel.”(J)

14 Jesus found an ass and sat upon it, as is written:

15 “Fear no more, O daughter Zion;[g]
    see, your king comes, seated upon an ass’s colt.”(K)

16 His disciples did not understand this at first, but when Jesus had been glorified they remembered that these things were written about him and that they had done this[h] for him.(L) 17 [i]So the crowd that was with him when he called Lazarus from the tomb and raised him from death continued to testify. 18 This was [also] why the crowd went to meet him, because they heard that he had done this sign. 19 So the Pharisees said to one another, “You see that you are gaining nothing. Look, the whole world[j] has gone after him.”(M)

The Coming of Jesus’ Hour.[k] 20 Now there were some Greeks[l] among those who had come up to worship at the feast.(N) 21 [m]They came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida in Galilee, and asked him, “Sir, we would like to see Jesus.”(O) 22 Philip went and told Andrew; then Andrew and Philip went and told Jesus.(P) 23 [n]Jesus answered them,(Q) “The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. 24 [o]Amen, amen, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains just a grain of wheat;(R) but if it dies, it produces much fruit. 25 Whoever loves his life[p] loses it, and whoever hates his life in this world will preserve it for eternal life.(S) 26 Whoever serves me must follow me, and where I am, there also will my servant be. The Father will honor whoever serves me.(T)

27 “I am troubled[q] now. Yet what should I say? ‘Father, save me from this hour’? But it was for this purpose that I came to this hour.(U) 28 Father, glorify your name.” Then a voice came from heaven, “I have glorified it and will glorify it again.”(V) 29 The crowd there heard it and said it was thunder; but others said, “An angel has spoken to him.”(W) 30 Jesus answered and said, “This voice did not come for my sake but for yours.(X) 31 Now is the time of judgment on this world; now the ruler of this world[r] will be driven out.(Y) 32 And when I am lifted up from the earth, I will draw everyone to myself.”(Z) 33 He said this indicating the kind of death he would die. 34 So the crowd answered him, “We have heard from the law that the Messiah remains forever.[s] Then how can you say that the Son of Man must be lifted up? Who is this Son of Man?”(AA) 35 Jesus said to them, “The light will be among you only a little while. Walk while you have the light, so that darkness may not overcome you. Whoever walks in the dark does not know where he is going.(AB) 36 While you have the light, believe in the light, so that you may become children of the light.”(AC)

Unbelief and Belief Among the Jews. After he had said this, Jesus left and hid from them. 37 [t](AD)Although he had performed so many signs in their presence they did not believe in him, 38 [u]in order that the word which Isaiah the prophet spoke might be fulfilled:

“Lord, who has believed our preaching,
    to whom has the might of the Lord been revealed?”(AE)

39 For this reason they could not believe, because again Isaiah said:

40 “He blinded their eyes
    and hardened their heart,
so that they might not see with their eyes
    and understand with their heart and be converted,
and I would heal them.”(AF)

41 Isaiah said this because he saw his glory[v] and spoke about him.(AG) 42 Nevertheless, many, even among the authorities, believed in him, but because of the Pharisees they did not acknowledge it openly in order not to be expelled from the synagogue.(AH) 43 For they preferred human praise to the glory of God.(AI)

Recapitulation. 44 Jesus cried out and said, “Whoever believes in me believes not only in me but also in the one who sent me,(AJ) 45 and whoever sees me sees the one who sent me.(AK) 46 I came into the world as light, so that everyone who believes in me might not remain in darkness.(AL) 47 And if anyone hears my words and does not observe them, I do not condemn him, for I did not come to condemn the world but to save the world.(AM) 48 Whoever rejects me and does not accept my words has something to judge him: the word that I spoke, it will condemn him on the last day,(AN) 49 because I did not speak on my own, but the Father who sent me commanded me what to say and speak.(AO) 50 And I know that his commandment is eternal life. So what I say, I say as the Father told me.”

Footnotes

  1. 12:1–8 This is probably the same scene of anointing found in Mk 14:3–9 (see note there) and Mt 26:6–13. The anointing by a penitent woman in Lk 7:36–38 is different. Details from these various episodes have become interchanged.
  2. 12:3 The feet of Jesus: so Mk 14:3; but in Mt 26:6, Mary anoints Jesus’ head as a sign of regal, messianic anointing.
  3. 12:5 Days’ wages: literally, “denarii.” A denarius is a day’s wage in Mt 20:2; see note on Jn 6:7.
  4. 12:7 Jesus’ response reflects the rabbinical discussion of what was the greatest act of mercy, almsgiving or burying the dead. Those who favored proper burial of the dead thought it an essential condition for sharing in the resurrection.
  5. 12:12–19 In John, the entry into Jerusalem follows the anointing whereas in the synoptics it precedes. In John, the crowd, not the disciples, are responsible for the triumphal procession.
  6. 12:13 Palm branches: used to welcome great conquerors; cf. 1 Mc 13:51; 2 Mc 10:7. They may be related to the lûlāb, the twig bundles used at the feast of Tabernacles. Hosanna: see Ps 118:25–26. The Hebrew word means: “(O Lord), grant salvation.” He who comes in the name of the Lord: referred in Ps 118:26 to a pilgrim entering the temple gates, but here a title for Jesus (see notes on Mt 11:3 and Jn 6:14; 11:27). The king of Israel: perhaps from Zep 3:14–15, in connection with the next quotation from Zec 9:9.
  7. 12:15 Daughter Zion: Jerusalem. Ass’s colt: symbol of peace, as opposed to the war horse.
  8. 12:16 They had done this: the antecedent of they is ambiguous.
  9. 12:17–18 There seem to be two different crowds in these verses. There are some good witnesses to the text that have another reading for Jn 12:17: “Then the crowd that was with him began to testify that he had called Lazarus out of the tomb and raised him from the dead.”
  10. 12:19 The whole world: the sense is that everyone is following Jesus, but John has an ironic play on world; he alludes to the universality of salvation (Jn 3:17; 4:42).
  11. 12:20–36 This announcement of glorification by death is an illustration of “the whole world” (Jn 12:19) going after him.
  12. 12:20 Greeks: not used here in a nationalistic sense. These are probably Gentile proselytes to Judaism; cf. Jn 7:35.
  13. 12:21–22 Philip…Andrew: the approach is made through disciples who have distinctly Greek names, suggesting that access to Jesus was mediated to the Greek world through his disciples. Philip and Andrew were from Bethsaida (Jn 1:44); Galileans were mostly bilingual. See: here seems to mean “have an interview with.”
  14. 12:23 Jesus’ response suggests that only after the crucifixion could the gospel encompass both Jew and Gentile.
  15. 12:24 This verse implies that through his death Jesus will be accessible to all. It remains just a grain of wheat: this saying is found in the synoptic triple and double traditions (Mk 8:35; Mt 16:25; Lk 9:24; Mt 10:39; Lk 17:33). John adds the phrases (Jn 12:25) in this world and for eternal life.
  16. 12:25 His life: the Greek word psychē refers to a person’s natural life. It does not mean “soul,” for Hebrew anthropology did not postulate body/soul dualism in the way that is familiar to us.
  17. 12:27 I am troubled: perhaps an allusion to the Gethsemane agony scene of the synoptics.
  18. 12:31 Ruler of this world: Satan.
  19. 12:34 There is no passage in the Old Testament that states precisely that the Messiah remains forever. Perhaps the closest is Ps 89:37.
  20. 12:37–50 These verses, on unbelief of the Jews, provide an epilogue to the Book of Signs.
  21. 12:38–41 John gives a historical explanation of the disbelief of the Jewish people, not a psychological one. The Old Testament had to be fulfilled; the disbelief that met Isaiah’s message was a foreshadowing of the disbelief that Jesus encountered. In Jn 12:42 and also in Jn 3:20 we see that there is no negation of freedom.
  22. 12:41 His glory: Isaiah saw the glory of Yahweh enthroned in the heavenly temple, but in John the antecedent of his is Jesus.
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New American Bible (Revised Edition) (NABRE)

Scripture texts, prefaces, introductions, footnotes and cross references used in this work are taken from the New American Bible, revised edition © 2010, 1991, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Inc., Washington, DC All Rights Reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.