John 1:42
New English Translation
42 Andrew brought Simon[a] to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, “You are Simon, the son of John.[b] You will be called Cephas” (which is translated Peter).[c]
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- John 1:42 tn Grk “He brought him”; both referents (Andrew, Simon) have been specified in the translation for clarity.
- John 1:42 tc The reading “Simon, son of John” is well attested in P66,75,106 א B* L 33 it co. The majority of mss (A B2 Ψ ƒ1,13 M) read “Simon, the son of Jonah” here instead, but that is perhaps an assimilation to Matt 16:17.
- John 1:42 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author. Giving Simon the name of Cephas is indicative of the future role he will play. Only John among the gospel writers gives the Greek transliteration (Κηφᾶς, Kēphas) of Simon’s new name, Qéphâ (which is Galilean Aramaic). Neither Πέτρος (Petros) in Greek nor Qéphâ in Aramaic is a normal proper name; it is more like a nickname.
1 Corinthians 1:12
New English Translation
12 Now I mean this, that[a] each of you is saying, “I am with Paul,” or “I am with Apollos,” or “I am with Cephas,”[b] or “I am with Christ.”
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- 1 Corinthians 1:12 tn Or “And I say this because.”
- 1 Corinthians 1:12 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
1 Corinthians 3:22
New English Translation
22 whether Paul or Apollos or Cephas[a] or the world or life or death or the present or the future. Everything belongs to you,
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- 1 Corinthians 3:22 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
1 Corinthians 9:5
New English Translation
5 Do we not have the right to the company of a believing wife, like the other apostles and the Lord’s brothers and Cephas?[a]
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- 1 Corinthians 9:5 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
1 Corinthians 15:5
New English Translation
5 and that he appeared to Cephas,[a] then to the twelve.
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- 1 Corinthians 15:5 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
Galatians 1:18
New English Translation
18 Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to visit Cephas[a] and get information from him,[b] and I stayed with him fifteen days.
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- Galatians 1:18 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
- Galatians 1:18 tn Although often translated “to get acquainted with Cephas,” this could give the impression of merely a social call. L&N 34.52 has “to visit, with the purpose of obtaining information” for the meaning of ἱστορέω (historeō), particularly in this verse.
Galatians 2:9
New English Translation
9 and when James, Cephas,[a] and John, who had a reputation as[b] pillars,[c] recognized[d] the grace that had been given to me, they gave to Barnabas and me[e] the right hand of fellowship, agreeing[f] that we would go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised.[g]
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- Galatians 2:9 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
- Galatians 2:9 tn Or “who were influential as,” or “who were reputed to be.” See also the note on the word “influential” in 2:6.
- Galatians 2:9 sn Pillars is figurative here for those like James, Peter, and John who were leaders in the Jerusalem church.
- Galatians 2:9 tn The participle γνόντες (gnontes) has been taken temporally. It is structurally parallel to the participle translated “when they saw” in v. 7.
- Galatians 2:9 tn Grk “me and Barnabas.”
- Galatians 2:9 tn Grk “so,” with the ἵνα (hina) indicating the result of the “pillars” extending the “right hand of fellowship,” but the translation “they gave…the right hand of fellowship so that we would go” could be misunderstood as purpose here. The implication of the scene is that an agreement, outlined at the end of v. 10, was reached between Paul and Barnabas on the one hand and the “pillars” of the Jerusalem church on the other.
- Galatians 2:9 tn Grk “to the circumcision,” a collective reference to the Jewish people.
Galatians 2:11
New English Translation
Paul Rebukes Peter
11 But when Cephas[a] came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he had clearly done wrong.[b]
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- Galatians 2:11 sn Cephas. This individual is generally identified with the Apostle Peter (L&N 93.211). Both the Aramaic name “Cephas” and the Greek name “Peter” are related to words in each language which mean “rock.”
- Galatians 2:11 tn Grk “because he stood condemned.”
Galatians 2:14
New English Translation
14 But when I saw that they were not behaving consistently with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas in front of them all, “If you, although you are a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you try to force[a] the Gentiles to live like Jews?”
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- Galatians 2:14 tn Here ἀναγκάζεις (anankazeis) has been translated as a conative present (see ExSyn 534).
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