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Water to Wine

On the third day, there was a wedding at Cana in the Galilee. Yeshua’s mother was there, and Yeshua and His disciples were also invited to the wedding. When the wine ran out, Yeshua’s mother said to Him, “They don’t have any wine!”

Yeshua said to her, “Woman, what does this have to do with you and Me? My hour hasn’t come yet.”

His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever He tells you.”

Now there were six stone jars, used for the Jewish ritual of purification, each holding two to three measures. [a] Yeshua said to them, “Fill the jars with water!” So they filled them up to the top. Then He said to them, “Take some water out, and give it to the headwaiter.” And they brought it.

Now the headwaiter did not know where it had come from, but the servants who had drawn the water knew. As the headwaiter tasted the water that had become wine, he calls the bridegroom 10 and says to him, “Everyone brings out the good wine first, and whenever they are drunk, then the worse. But you’ve reserved the good wine until now!” 11 Yeshua did this, the first of the signs, in Cana of the Galilee—He revealed His glory, and His disciples believed in Him.

Yeshua Purges the Temple

12 After this Yeshua went down to Capernaum with His mother, brothers,[b] and disciples, and they stayed there a few days. 13 The Jewish feast of Passover was near, so Yeshua went up to Jerusalem. 14 In the Temple, He found the merchants selling oxen, sheep, and doves; also the moneychangers sitting there. 15 Then He made a whip of cords and drove them all out of the Temple, both the sheep and oxen. He dumped out the coins of the moneychangers and overturned their tables. 16 To those selling doves, He said, “Get these things out of here! Stop making My Father’s house a marketplace!” 17 His disciples remembered that it is written, “Zeal for your House will consume Me!”[c]

18 The Judean leaders responded, “What sign do You show us, since You are doing these things?”

19 “Destroy this Temple,” Yeshua answered them, “and in three days I will raise it up.”

20 The Judean leaders then said to Him, “Forty-six years this Temple was being built, and You will raise it up in three days?” 21 But He was talking about the temple of His body. 22 So after He was raised from the dead, His disciples remembered that He was talking about this. Then they believed the Scripture and the word that Yeshua had spoken.

23 Now when He was in Jerusalem for the Passover, during the feast, many believed in His name, seeing the signs He was doing. 24 But Yeshua did not entrust Himself to them, because He knew all men. 25 He did not need anyone to testify about man, for He knew what was in man.

A Pharisee Comes Seeking Truth

Now there was a man, a Pharisee named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jewish people. He came to Yeshua at night and said, “Rabbi, we know that You, a teacher, have come from God. For no one can perform these signs which You do unless God is with Him!”

Yeshua answered him, “Amen, amen I tell you, unless one is born from above,[d] he cannot see the kingdom of God.”

“How can a man be born when he is old?” Nicodemus said to Him. “He cannot enter his mother’s womb a second time and be born, can he?”

Yeshua answered, “Amen, amen I tell you, unless one is born of water and spirit,[e] he cannot enter the kingdom of God. What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not be surprised that I said to you, ‘You all must be born from above.’ The wind blows where it wishes and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit.”

The Father’s Love Revealed

“How can these things happen?” Nicodemus said.

10 Yeshua answered him, “You’re a teacher of Israel and you do not understand these things? 11 Amen, amen I tell you, We speak about what We know and testify about what We have seen. Yet you all do not receive Our testimony! 12 If you do not believe the earthly things I told you, how will you believe when I tell you about heavenly things? 13 No one has gone up into heaven except the One who came down from heaven—the Son of Man. 14 Just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the desert,[f] so the Son of Man must be lifted up, 15 so that whoever believes in Him may have eternal life!

16 “For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life. 17 God did not send the Son into the world to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through Him. 18 The one who believes in Him is not condemned; but whoever does not believe has been condemned already, because he has not put his trust in the name of the one and only Ben-Elohim.

19 “Now this is the judgment, that the light has come into the world and men loved the darkness instead of the light,[g] because their deeds were evil. 20 For everyone who does evil hates the light and does not come to the light, so that their deeds will not be exposed. 21 But whoever practices the truth comes to the light, so that it may be made known that his deeds have been accomplished in God.”

The Living Word, Source of Life

22 Afterwards, Yeshua and His disciples came to the land of Judea. There He was staying with them and immersing. 23 Now John also was immersing at Aenon near Salim, because much water was there and many were coming and being immersed; 24 for John had not yet been thrown into prison.

25 Now an argument came up between John’s disciples and a Judean concerning purification. 26 They came to John and said, “Rabbi, the One who was with you beyond the Jordan, the One you testified about—look, He is immersing, and all are coming to Him!”

27 John answered, “A man can receive nothing unless it has been given to him from heaven. 28 You yourselves testify that I said, ‘I am not the Messiah,’ but rather, ‘I am sent before Him.’ 29 The one who has the bride is the bridegroom, but the best man rejoices when he stands and hears the bridegroom’s voice. So now my joy is complete! 30 He must increase, while I must decrease.”

31 The One who comes from above is above all. The one who is from the earth is of the earth, and of the earth he speaks. The One who comes from heaven is above all. 32 And what He has seen and heard, He testifies to that; yet no one receives His testimony. 33 Whoever receives His testimony has certified that God is true.

34 The One whom God has sent speaks the words of God, for God gives the Ruach without limit. 35 The Father loves the Son and has given everything into His hand. 36 He who trusts in the Son has eternal life. He who does not obey the Son will not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.

Footnotes

  1. John 2:7 About 20-25 gallons; 1 measure is about 9 gallons.
  2. John 2:12 Some mss. say brethren.
  3. John 2:17 Ps. 69:10(9).
  4. John 3:3 Or born again.
  5. John 3:5 cf. Ezek. 36:24-27.
  6. John 3:14 cf. Num. 21:8.
  7. John 3:19 cf. Is. 5:20.

Jesus Changes Water Into Wine

On the third day a wedding took place at Cana in Galilee.(A) Jesus’ mother(B) was there, and Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. When the wine was gone, Jesus’ mother said to him, “They have no more wine.”

“Woman,[a](C) why do you involve me?”(D) Jesus replied. “My hour(E) has not yet come.”

His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever he tells you.”(F)

Nearby stood six stone water jars, the kind used by the Jews for ceremonial washing,(G) each holding from twenty to thirty gallons.[b]

Jesus said to the servants, “Fill the jars with water”; so they filled them to the brim.

Then he told them, “Now draw some out and take it to the master of the banquet.”

They did so, and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine.(H) He did not realize where it had come from, though the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside 10 and said, “Everyone brings out the choice wine first and then the cheaper wine after the guests have had too much to drink; but you have saved the best till now.”

11 What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee was the first of the signs(I) through which he revealed his glory;(J) and his disciples believed in him.(K)

12 After this he went down to Capernaum(L) with his mother(M) and brothers(N) and his disciples. There they stayed for a few days.

Jesus Clears the Temple Courts(O)

13 When it was almost time for the Jewish Passover,(P) Jesus went up to Jerusalem.(Q) 14 In the temple courts he found people selling cattle, sheep and doves,(R) and others sitting at tables exchanging money.(S) 15 So he made a whip out of cords, and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle; he scattered the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables. 16 To those who sold doves he said, “Get these out of here! Stop turning my Father’s house(T) into a market!” 17 His disciples remembered that it is written: “Zeal for your house will consume me.”[c](U)

18 The Jews(V) then responded to him, “What sign(W) can you show us to prove your authority to do all this?”(X)

19 Jesus answered them, “Destroy this temple, and I will raise it again in three days.”(Y)

20 They replied, “It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and you are going to raise it in three days?” 21 But the temple he had spoken of was his body.(Z) 22 After he was raised from the dead, his disciples recalled what he had said.(AA) Then they believed the scripture(AB) and the words that Jesus had spoken.

23 Now while he was in Jerusalem at the Passover Festival,(AC) many people saw the signs(AD) he was performing and believed(AE) in his name.[d] 24 But Jesus would not entrust himself to them, for he knew all people. 25 He did not need any testimony about mankind,(AF) for he knew what was in each person.(AG)

Jesus Teaches Nicodemus

Now there was a Pharisee, a man named Nicodemus(AH) who was a member of the Jewish ruling council.(AI) He came to Jesus at night and said, “Rabbi,(AJ) we know(AK) that you are a teacher who has come from God. For no one could perform the signs(AL) you are doing if God were not with him.”(AM)

Jesus replied, “Very truly I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless they are born again.[e](AN)

“How can someone be born when they are old?” Nicodemus asked. “Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother’s womb to be born!”

Jesus answered, “Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit.(AO) Flesh gives birth to flesh, but the Spirit[f] gives birth to spirit.(AP) You should not be surprised at my saying, ‘You[g] must be born again.’ The wind blows wherever it pleases. You hear its sound, but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit.”[h](AQ)

“How can this be?”(AR) Nicodemus asked.

10 “You are Israel’s teacher,”(AS) said Jesus, “and do you not understand these things? 11 Very truly I tell you, we speak of what we know,(AT) and we testify to what we have seen, but still you people do not accept our testimony.(AU) 12 I have spoken to you of earthly things and you do not believe; how then will you believe if I speak of heavenly things? 13 No one has ever gone into heaven(AV) except the one who came from heaven(AW)—the Son of Man.[i](AX) 14 Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness,(AY) so the Son of Man must be lifted up,[j](AZ) 15 that everyone who believes(BA) may have eternal life in him.”[k](BB)

16 For God so loved(BC) the world that he gave(BD) his one and only Son,(BE) that whoever believes(BF) in him shall not perish but have eternal life.(BG) 17 For God did not send his Son into the world(BH) to condemn the world, but to save the world through him.(BI) 18 Whoever believes in him is not condemned,(BJ) but whoever does not believe stands condemned already because they have not believed in the name of God’s one and only Son.(BK) 19 This is the verdict: Light(BL) has come into the world, but people loved darkness instead of light because their deeds were evil.(BM) 20 Everyone who does evil hates the light, and will not come into the light for fear that their deeds will be exposed.(BN) 21 But whoever lives by the truth comes into the light, so that it may be seen plainly that what they have done has been done in the sight of God.

John Testifies Again About Jesus

22 After this, Jesus and his disciples went out into the Judean countryside, where he spent some time with them, and baptized.(BO) 23 Now John(BP) also was baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because there was plenty of water, and people were coming and being baptized. 24 (This was before John was put in prison.)(BQ) 25 An argument developed between some of John’s disciples and a certain Jew over the matter of ceremonial washing.(BR) 26 They came to John and said to him, “Rabbi,(BS) that man who was with you on the other side of the Jordan—the one you testified(BT) about—look, he is baptizing, and everyone is going to him.”

27 To this John replied, “A person can receive only what is given them from heaven. 28 You yourselves can testify that I said, ‘I am not the Messiah but am sent ahead of him.’(BU) 29 The bride belongs to the bridegroom.(BV) The friend who attends the bridegroom waits and listens for him, and is full of joy when he hears the bridegroom’s voice. That joy is mine, and it is now complete.(BW) 30 He must become greater; I must become less.”[l]

31 The one who comes from above(BX) is above all; the one who is from the earth belongs to the earth, and speaks as one from the earth.(BY) The one who comes from heaven is above all. 32 He testifies to what he has seen and heard,(BZ) but no one accepts his testimony.(CA) 33 Whoever has accepted it has certified that God is truthful. 34 For the one whom God has sent(CB) speaks the words of God, for God[m] gives the Spirit(CC) without limit. 35 The Father loves the Son and has placed everything in his hands.(CD) 36 Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life,(CE) but whoever rejects the Son will not see life, for God’s wrath remains on them.

Footnotes

  1. John 2:4 The Greek for Woman does not denote any disrespect.
  2. John 2:6 Or from about 75 to about 115 liters
  3. John 2:17 Psalm 69:9
  4. John 2:23 Or in him
  5. John 3:3 The Greek for again also means from above; also in verse 7.
  6. John 3:6 Or but spirit
  7. John 3:7 The Greek is plural.
  8. John 3:8 The Greek for Spirit is the same as that for wind.
  9. John 3:13 Some manuscripts Man, who is in heaven
  10. John 3:14 The Greek for lifted up also means exalted.
  11. John 3:15 Some interpreters end the quotation with verse 21.
  12. John 3:30 Some interpreters end the quotation with verse 36.
  13. John 3:34 Greek he