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Nikodemus besøker Jesus om natten

1-2 En kveld etter mørkets frembrudd kom en mann som het Nikodemus for å snakke med Jesus. Han var fariseer[a] og medlem i Det jødiske rådet[b]. ”Mester”, sa han, ”vi vet at Gud har sendt deg for å undervise oss. Ingen kan gjøre slike mirakler som du gjør dersom Gud ikke er med ham.”

Jesus svarte: ”Jeg forsikrer deg at den som ikke blir født på nytt, får aldri oppleve hva det betyr å tilhøre Guds eget folk.”

”Bli født på nytt!” utbrøt Nikodemus. ”Hva mener du? En voksen person kan vel ikke en gang til komme inn i sin mors mage og bli født på nytt?”

Jesus svarte: ”Jeg forsikrer deg at den som ikke blir født av vann og Ånd, får slett ikke tilhøre Guds eget folk. Mennesker kan føde fram fysisk liv, men Guds Ånd føder fram åndelig liv[c]. Ikke vær forundret over at jeg sier at menneskene må bli født på nytt. Guds Ånd er som vinden[d]. Ingen kan si hvor den kommer fra eller hvor den tar veien, men alle kan høre at den suser, og vi kan se virkningen den gjør. Slik er det også når et menneske blir født av Guds Ånd.”

”Men hvordan er dette mulig?” spurte Nikodemus.

10 Jesus svarte: ”Du er en jødisk lærer som blir både rost og æret og likevel forstår du ikke dette. 11 Jeg forsikrer deg at det vi sier, er slikt vi vet og har sett, og likevel tror dere oss ikke. 12 Men om dere ikke tror når jeg forteller om de ting som skjer her på jorden, hvordan skal dere da kunne tro når jeg sier noe om det som skjer i himmelen? 13 Ingen mennesker har vært i himmelen, bortsett fra jeg, Menneskesønnen[e], som har kommet derfra.

14 På samme måten som Moses hengte opp slangen som var laget av kopper i ørkenen, slik må jeg, Menneskesønnen, bli løftet opp[f], 15 for at alle som tror på meg, skal få evig liv. 16 Gud elsket jo menneskene så høyt at han ga sin eneste Sønn, for at alle som tror på ham, ikke skal gå fortapt, men ha evig liv. 17 Det var ikke for å dømme noen at Gud sendte sin sønn til verden, men Sønnen kom hit for å frelse hver enkelt.

18 Alle som tror på Sønnen, blir ikke dømt. Men de som ikke tror på ham, er allerede dømt, etter som de ikke tror på Guds eneste Sønn. 19 Grunnen til at de blir dømt er at da lyset fra himmelen kom ned til jorden, viste det seg at menneskene elsket mørket høyere enn lyset fordi handlingene deres var onde. 20 Den som gjør det som er ondt, han hater lyset. Han holder seg borte fra lyset, slik at syndene hans ikke skal bli avslørt. 21 Den derimot som gjør det som er rett, han trekkes mot lyset for at alle skal se at han gjør det som Gud vil.”

Døperen Johannes forteller hvem Jesus er

22 Jesus reiste fra Jerusalem sammen med disiplene, men de stanset en tid i Judea og døpte der.

23 Samtidig døpte også Johannes. Han holdt til ved Ainon, nær Salim. Der var det rikelig med vann. Mange mennesker kom til ham for å bli døpt. 24 Dette var før Johannes hadde blitt satt i fengsel. 25 En dag kom det en jødisk mann til disiplene av Johannes og begynte å diskutere om forskjellige seremonier for renselse[g]. 26 Johannes sine disipler gikk da til han og sa: ”Mester, den mannen som var sammen med deg på den andre siden av elven Jordan, han som du fortalte om til folket, han døper også. Og nå går alle til ham i stedet for å komme til oss.”

27 Johannes svarte: ”Dersom alle går til ham, er det fordi at Gud lar det skje. 28 Dere vet selv at jeg klart og tydelig har sagt til dere at jeg ikke er Messias, den lovede kongen. Jeg er sendt ut for å forberede veien for ham. Det er hele min oppgave. 29 Folket blir dratt mot ham på samme måten som bruden blir dratt mot sin brudgom. Brudgommens venn blir glad av å stå og høre stemmen til brudgommen. Jeg er brudgommens venn, og nå er gleden min fullkommen. 30 Det er som det skal være at folket hører mer og mer på ham, og mindre og mindre på meg.

31 Han har kommet ned fra himmelen og er derfor større enn alle andre. Jeg er født her på jorden, og min forstand er begrenset til det jordiske. 32 Han har kommet ned fra himmelen og forteller om det han har sett og hørt, og likevel tror ingen på det han sier. 33 Den som tror på det han sier, han erkjenner at Gud taler sannhet. 34 Denne mannen, som er sendt av Gud, bringer Guds budskap. Gud har fylt ham med sin Ånd. 35 Far i himmelen elsker Sønnen og har gitt ham makt over alle ting. 36 Den som tror på Guds, sønn har evig liv. Den som nekter å være lydig mot Sønnen, han mister det evige livet, og blir fortsatt under Guds dom.”

Footnotes

  1. 3:1-2 Fariseerne var et religiøst parti blant jødene.
  2. 3:1-2 Det jødiske rådet hadde omkring 70 medlemmer, og besto av alle de religiøse og politiske lederne i Israel. Rådet fungerte under den romerske okkupasjonen som domstol, men hadde også rett til å bestemme i enkelte politiske spørsmål.
  3. 3:6 Åndelig liv er å ha fellesskap med Gud.
  4. 3:8 Jesus lekte med det gresk ordet for ”Ånd”, som også kan bli oversatt med ”vind”.
  5. 3:13 ”Menneskesønnen” er et hebraisk ord for å si ”av mennesker”. Det var en tittel på Messias, den lovede kongen, hentet fra Daniel 7:13-14.
  6. 3:14 Eller: henges opp. Uttrykket viser til at Jesus skulle henges opp på et kors og på at han skulle bli løftet opp til himmelen.
  7. 3:25 Gjennom en seremoni for renselse ble de i følge med jødene verdig til å komme fram for Gud. Dåpen var en slik seremoni.

And there was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews.

This man came to Jesus by night, and said to him: Rabbi, we know that thou art come a teacher from God; for no man can do these signs which thou dost, unless God be with him.

Jesus answered, and said to him: Amen, amen I say to thee, unless a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.

Nicodemus saith to him: How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter a second time into his mother's womb, and be born again?

Jesus answered: Amen, amen I say to thee, unless a man be born again of water and the Holy Ghost, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.

That which is born of the flesh, is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit, is spirit.

Wonder not, that I said to thee, you must be born again.

The Spirit breatheth where he will; and thou hearest his voice, but thou knowest not whence he cometh, and whither he goeth: so is every one that is born of the Spirit.

Nicodemus answered, and said to him: How can these things be done?

10 Jesus answered, and said to him: Art thou a master in Israel, and knowest not these things?

11 Amen, amen I say to thee, that we speak what we know, and we testify what we have seen, and you receive not our testimony.

12 If I have spoken to you earthly things, and you believe not; how will you believe, if I shall speak to you heavenly things?

13 And no man hath ascended into heaven, but he that descended from heaven, the Son of man who is in heaven.

14 And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the desert, so must the Son of man be lifted up:

15 That whosoever believeth in him, may not perish; but may have life everlasting.

16 For God so loved the world, as to give his only begotten Son; that whosoever believeth in him, may not perish, but may have life everlasting.

17 For God sent not his Son into the world, to judge the world, but that the world may be saved by him.

18 He that believeth in him is not judged. But he that doth not believe, is already judged: because he believeth not in the name of the only begotten Son of God.

19 And this is the judgment: because the light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than the light: for their works were evil.

20 For every one that doth evil hateth the light, and cometh not to the light, that his works may not be reproved.

21 But he that doth truth, cometh to the light, that his works may be made manifest, because they are done in God.

22 After these things Jesus and his disciples came into the land of Judea: and there he abode with them, and baptized.

23 And John also was baptizing in Ennon near Salim; because there was much water there; and they came and were baptized.

24 For John was not yet cast into prison.

25 And there arose a question between some of John's disciples and the Jews concerning purification:

26 And they came to John, and said to him: Rabbi, he that was with thee beyond the Jordan, to whom thou gavest testimony, behold he baptizeth, and all men come to him.

27 John answered, and said: A man cannot receive any thing, unless it be given him from heaven.

28 You yourselves do bear me witness, that I said, I am not Christ, but that I am sent before him.

29 He that hath the bride, is the bridegroom: but the friend of the bridegroom, who standeth and heareth him, rejoiceth with joy because of the bridegroom's voice. This my joy therefore is fulfilled.

30 He must increase, but I must decrease.

31 He that cometh from above, is above all. He that is of the earth, of the earth he is, and of the earth he speaketh. He that cometh from heaven, is above all.

32 And what he hath seen and heard, that he testifieth: and no man receiveth his testimony.

33 He that hath received his testimony, hath set to his seal that God is true.

34 For he whom God hath sent, speaketh the words of God: for God doth not give the Spirit by measure.

35 The Father loveth the Son: and he hath given all things into his hand.

36 He that believeth in the Son, hath life everlasting; but he that believeth not the Son, shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him.

Jesus and Nicodemus

There was a Pharisee named Nicodemus, a Jewish leader. He came to Jesus at night and said to him, “Rabbi, we know that you are a teacher who has come from God, for no one could do these miraculous signs that you do unless God is with him.”

Jesus answered, “I assure you, unless someone is born anew,[a] it’s not possible to see God’s kingdom.”

Nicodemus asked, “How is it possible for an adult to be born? It’s impossible to enter the mother’s womb for a second time and be born, isn’t it?”

Jesus answered, “I assure you, unless someone is born of water and the Spirit, it’s not possible to enter God’s kingdom. Whatever is born of the flesh is flesh, and whatever is born of the Spirit is spirit. Don’t be surprised that I said to you, ‘You must be born anew.’ God’s Spirit[b] blows wherever it wishes. You hear its sound, but you don’t know where it comes from or where it is going. It’s the same with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

Nicodemus said, “How are these things possible?”

10 “Jesus answered, “You are a teacher of Israel and you don’t know these things? 11 I assure you that we speak about what we know and testify about what we have seen, but you don’t receive our testimony. 12 If I have told you about earthly things and you don’t believe, how will you believe if I tell you about heavenly things? 13 No one has gone up to heaven except the one who came down from heaven, the Human One.[c] 14 Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness, so must the Human One[d] be lifted up 15 so that everyone who believes in him will have eternal life. 16 God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him won’t perish but will have eternal life. 17 God didn’t send his Son into the world to judge the world, but that the world might be saved through him. 18 Whoever believes in him isn’t judged; whoever doesn’t believe in him is already judged, because they don’t believe in the name of God’s only Son.

19 “This is the basis for judgment: The light came into the world, and people loved darkness more than the light, for their actions are evil. 20 All who do wicked things hate the light and don’t come to the light for fear that their actions will be exposed to the light. 21 Whoever does the truth comes to the light so that it can be seen that their actions were done in God.”

John’s final witness

22 After this Jesus and his disciples went into Judea, where he spent some time with them and was baptizing. 23 John was baptizing at Aenon near Salem because there was a lot of water there, and people were coming to him and being baptized. (24 John hadn’t yet been thrown into prison.)

25 A debate started between John’s disciples and a certain Jew about cleansing rituals. 26 They came to John and said, “Rabbi, look! The man who was with you across the Jordan, the one about whom you testified, is baptizing and everyone is flocking to him.”

27 John replied, “No one can receive anything unless it is given from heaven. 28 You yourselves can testify that I said that I’m not the Christ but that I’m the one sent before him. 29 The groom is the one who is getting married. The friend of the groom stands close by and, when he hears him, is overjoyed at the groom’s voice. Therefore, my joy is now complete. 30 He must increase and I must decrease. 31 The one who comes from above is above all things. The one who is from the earth belongs to the earth and speaks as one from the earth. The one who comes from heaven is above all things. 32 He testifies to what he has seen and heard, but no one accepts his testimony. 33 Whoever accepts his testimony confirms that God is true. 34 The one whom God sent speaks God’s words because God gives the Spirit generously. 35 The Father loves the Son and gives everything into his hands. 36 Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life. Whoever doesn’t believe in the Son won’t see life, but the angry judgment of God remains on them.”

Footnotes

  1. John 3:3 Or from above
  2. John 3:8 Or wind
  3. John 3:13 Or Son of Man
  4. John 3:14 Or Son of Man

Jesus Teaches Nicodemus

Now there was a Pharisee, a man named Nicodemus(A) who was a member of the Jewish ruling council.(B) He came to Jesus at night and said, “Rabbi,(C) we know(D) that you are a teacher who has come from God. For no one could perform the signs(E) you are doing if God were not with him.”(F)

Jesus replied, “Very truly I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless they are born again.[a](G)

“How can someone be born when they are old?” Nicodemus asked. “Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother’s womb to be born!”

Jesus answered, “Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit.(H) Flesh gives birth to flesh, but the Spirit[b] gives birth to spirit.(I) You should not be surprised at my saying, ‘You[c] must be born again.’ The wind blows wherever it pleases. You hear its sound, but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit.”[d](J)

“How can this be?”(K) Nicodemus asked.

10 “You are Israel’s teacher,”(L) said Jesus, “and do you not understand these things? 11 Very truly I tell you, we speak of what we know,(M) and we testify to what we have seen, but still you people do not accept our testimony.(N) 12 I have spoken to you of earthly things and you do not believe; how then will you believe if I speak of heavenly things? 13 No one has ever gone into heaven(O) except the one who came from heaven(P)—the Son of Man.[e](Q) 14 Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness,(R) so the Son of Man must be lifted up,[f](S) 15 that everyone who believes(T) may have eternal life in him.”[g](U)

16 For God so loved(V) the world that he gave(W) his one and only Son,(X) that whoever believes(Y) in him shall not perish but have eternal life.(Z) 17 For God did not send his Son into the world(AA) to condemn the world, but to save the world through him.(AB) 18 Whoever believes in him is not condemned,(AC) but whoever does not believe stands condemned already because they have not believed in the name of God’s one and only Son.(AD) 19 This is the verdict: Light(AE) has come into the world, but people loved darkness instead of light because their deeds were evil.(AF) 20 Everyone who does evil hates the light, and will not come into the light for fear that their deeds will be exposed.(AG) 21 But whoever lives by the truth comes into the light, so that it may be seen plainly that what they have done has been done in the sight of God.

John Testifies Again About Jesus

22 After this, Jesus and his disciples went out into the Judean countryside, where he spent some time with them, and baptized.(AH) 23 Now John(AI) also was baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because there was plenty of water, and people were coming and being baptized. 24 (This was before John was put in prison.)(AJ) 25 An argument developed between some of John’s disciples and a certain Jew over the matter of ceremonial washing.(AK) 26 They came to John and said to him, “Rabbi,(AL) that man who was with you on the other side of the Jordan—the one you testified(AM) about—look, he is baptizing, and everyone is going to him.”

27 To this John replied, “A person can receive only what is given them from heaven. 28 You yourselves can testify that I said, ‘I am not the Messiah but am sent ahead of him.’(AN) 29 The bride belongs to the bridegroom.(AO) The friend who attends the bridegroom waits and listens for him, and is full of joy when he hears the bridegroom’s voice. That joy is mine, and it is now complete.(AP) 30 He must become greater; I must become less.”[h]

31 The one who comes from above(AQ) is above all; the one who is from the earth belongs to the earth, and speaks as one from the earth.(AR) The one who comes from heaven is above all. 32 He testifies to what he has seen and heard,(AS) but no one accepts his testimony.(AT) 33 Whoever has accepted it has certified that God is truthful. 34 For the one whom God has sent(AU) speaks the words of God, for God[i] gives the Spirit(AV) without limit. 35 The Father loves the Son and has placed everything in his hands.(AW) 36 Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life,(AX) but whoever rejects the Son will not see life, for God’s wrath remains on them.

Footnotes

  1. John 3:3 The Greek for again also means from above; also in verse 7.
  2. John 3:6 Or but spirit
  3. John 3:7 The Greek is plural.
  4. John 3:8 The Greek for Spirit is the same as that for wind.
  5. John 3:13 Some manuscripts Man, who is in heaven
  6. John 3:14 The Greek for lifted up also means exalted.
  7. John 3:15 Some interpreters end the quotation with verse 21.
  8. John 3:30 Some interpreters end the quotation with verse 36.
  9. John 3:34 Greek he