Johannes 19
En Levende Bok
Pilatus dømmer Jesus til døden
19 Da ga Pilatus befaling til at Jesus skulle bli pisket. 2 Soldatene laget en krone av tornekratt og satte den på hodet hans og kledde på ham en høyrød[a] kappe. 3 De gikk fram til ham og sa: ”Leve jødenes konge”, og så slo de ham i ansiktet.
4 Senere gikk Pilatus igjen ut og sa til folket: ”Nå sender jeg ham ut til dere, slik at dere skal forstå at jeg ikke finner ham skyldig i noe.” 5 Da Jesus kom ut med tornekronen og den mørkerøde kappen på seg, sa Pilatus: ”Her er mannen!”
6 Da øversteprestene og tempelvaktene fikk se ha, begynte de å rope: ”La ham spikres fast på et kors, spikre ham fast på et kors!”
Pilatus sa: ”Dere får selv ta ham og spikre ham fast. Jeg finner han ikke skyldig i noe.” 7 Men de religiøse lederne svarte: ”I følge vår lov[b] skal han dø, for han har gitt seg ut for å være Guds sønn.”
8 Da Pilatus hørte dette, ble han virkelig redd. 9 Han førte Jesus inn i huset på nytt og spurte ham: ”Hvor kommer du fra?” Men Jesus svarte ham ikke.
10 ”Vil du ikke svare meg?” spurte Pilatus. ”Vet du ikke at jeg har makt både til å gi deg fri og til å la deg blir spikret fast på et kors?”
11 Jesus svarte: ”Du ville ikke ha noen som helst makt over meg om du ikke hadde fått den av Gud. Derfor har de som overlot meg til deg, gjort seg skyldige i en større synd.”
12 Da forsøkte Pilatus å finne en måte å frigi Jesus på, men folket ropte: ”Dersom du setter han fri, er du ikke keiserens venn. Den som gjør seg til konge, gjør egentlig opprør mot keiseren.” 13 Da Pilatus hørte det de sa, førte han Jesus ut til dem på nytt og satte seg på dommersete på det stedet som ble kalt Steingården, og som på arameisk[c] heter ”Gabbata”. 14 Klokken var nå rundt tolv[d] på dagen, og det var fredag, som kalles forberedelsesdagen før påskehøytiden[e]. Pilatus sa til jødene: ”Her har dere kongen deres.”
15 Folket skrek: ”Bort med ham. La ham spikres fast på et kors!”
Da spurte Pilatus: ”Skal jeg virkelig henrette kongen deres på et kors?”
Men øversteprestene svarte: ”Vi har ingen annen konge enn keiseren.”
16 Da resignerte Pilatus og overlot Jesus til soldatene for at de skulle føre ham bort og la ham spikres fast på et kors.
Jesus blir spikret fast på et kors
Soldatene tok ham med seg. 17 Jesus ble tvunget til selv å bære korset sitt til det stedet som ble kalt Hodeskallen, som på arameisk heter ”Golgata”.
18 Der spikret de ham og to andre menn fast på hvert sitt kors. Jesus hengte de i midten og de to andre på hver sin side av ham. 19 Pilatus hadde fått skrevet en plakat som ble satt opp på korset. Der sto det: ”Jesus fra Nasaret, jødenes konge”. 20 Teksten var skrevet både på arameisk, latin og gresk. Etter som stedet der Jesus ble henrettet, lå nær byen, var det mange som leste plakaten.
21 Øversteprestene gikk da til Pilatus og forlangte: ”Få endret teksten fra dette med ’Jødenes konge’ til ’Han har sagt: Jeg er jødenes konge.’ ”
22 Men Pilatus svarte: ”Det jeg skrev, det skrev jeg! Ikke noe som helst skal bli endret.”
23 Da soldatene hadde spikret Jesus fast på korset, tok de klærne hans og delte i fire hauger, en for hver av vaktene. Men da de kom til kjortelen, viste det seg at den var vevd i et sammenhengende stykke uten sømmer. 24 Derfor sa de: ”Det er dumt å skjære den i stykker. Vi kaster heller lodd om hvem som skal få den.” Gjennom dette ble det som Gud hadde forutsagt i Skriften[f], til virkelighet: ”De delte mine klær mellom seg og kastet lodd om min klesdrakt.”[g] Ja, det var nøyaktig det soldatene gjorde.
25 Nær korset der Jesus hang, sto moren hans. Tanten hans, som var gift med Klopas og het Maria, var også sammen med Maria Magdalena. 26 Da Jesus så moren sin stå der ved siden den disippelen som han elsket,[h] sa han til henne: ”Mor, la ham være som sønnen din.” 27 Så sa han til disippelen: ”La henne være som moren din!” Fra den dagen av lot disippelen henne bo hjemme hos seg.
Jesus dør på korset
28 Jesus visste at oppdraget hans nå var sluttført. For at det som Gud hadde forutsagt i Skriften[i] skulle bli virkelighet, sa han: ”Jeg er tørst.”[j] 29 Noen dyppet da en svamp i en krukke fylt med sur vin som sto der. De festet den på en stilk fra isopplanten[k] og rakte den opp til munnen[l] hans. 30 Da Jesus hadde smakt på vinen, sa han: ”Det er fullbrakt.” Så bøyde han hodet og sluttet å puste.
31 Jødene ville ikke at de døde kroppene skulle henge på korset til neste dag som var hviledagen[m]. Dessuten var det en spesiell merkedag siden det var påske[n]. Derfor ba de Pilatus om å gi befaling til at de skulle knuse skjelettene på dem som var spikret fast på korsene. Da kunne kroppene bli tatt ned.[o] 32 Soldatene kom og knuste skjelettet på de to mennene som hadde blitt spikret opp på sine kors samtidig som Jesus. Først den ene mannen sine bein, så den andre. 33 Men da de kom fram til Jesus, så de at han allerede var død. Derfor knuste de ikke noen ben i kroppen hans. 34 En av soldatene nøyde seg i stedet med å stikke et spyd opp i siden hans. Da rant det blod og vann ut. 35 Det finnes en som kan stå fram som vitne om dette,[p] etter som han så det med egne øyne. Han vet at det han sier er sant, og han har fortalt dette for at dere skal tro.
36 Dette skjedde for at det som Gud hadde forutsagt i Skriften, skulle bli virkelighet: ”Ikke et eneste ben i kroppen hans skal bli knust.”[q] 37 På et annet stedet har Gud sagt: ”De skal se opp til han som de har gjennomstukket”[r].
Jesus blir begravd
38 Josef fra Arimatea, en som av frykt for de religiøse lederne hadde vært en hemmelig disippel av Jesus, ba Pilatus om å få ta ned kroppen til Jesus. Pilatus lot ham få gjøre det, og Josef gikk da og tok kroppen ned. 39 Nikodemus, den mannen som først hadde kommet til Jesus om natten, var også med. Han hadde med seg en blanding av myrra og aloe som veide omkring 30 kilo. 40 De to mennene svøpte kroppen til Jesus inn i tøy av lin sammen med den aromatisk blandingen. Dette var slik som de brukte å gjøre ved jødiske begravelser. 41 Plassen der Jesus ble spikret fast på korset, lå nær en hage. Der var det en ny grav som aldri hadde vært brukt. 42 Etter som hviledagen[s] snart skulle begynne, og graven lå så nær, la de Jesus i den.
Footnotes
- 19:2 På gresk: rød som purpur. Fargen var et symbol for kongelig makt.
- 19:7 De viser til Moseloven, eller den jødiske loven, som finnes skrevet ned i Første til Femte Mosebok.
- 19:13 Eller: hebraisk, det vil si hebreerne eller jødenes språk. Men hverdagens språk for Israels folk var arameisk. Se også v.17 og 20.
- 19:14 På gresk ”sjette timen”. I Markus sin fortelling om Jesus 15:25 står det at Jesus ble spikret fast på korset ved den ”tredje timen” altså klokken ni på morgenen. Enten er det en skrivefeil i Markus sin fortelling, eller så bruker Johannes seg av romersk tid, noe som skulle bety at klokken var seks på morgenen.
- 19:14 ”Påske” kommer fra hebraisk ”pésach” eller ”pasách” som betyr ”gå forbi” eller ”skåne”. Jødene sin påske feires til minne om hvordan Gud reddet dem ut av slaveriet i Egypt. Se Andre Mosebok 12:1-27.
- 19:24 ”Skriften” for jødene er Bibelens første del, den som vi kaller Det gamle testamente.
- 19:24 Se Salmenes bok 22:19.
- 19:26 Hvilken disipler Johannes siktet til bli avslørt i 21:20-24.
- 19:28 ”Skriften” for jødene er Bibelens første del, den som vi kaller Det gamle testamente.
- 19:28 Se Salmenes bok 22:16 og 69:22.
- 19:29 I Andre Mosebok 12:22 blir brukt en stilk fra planten isop til å dyppe i blodet fra påskelammet. Det er blitt brukt også i forskjellige seremonier for å bli renset. Jesus er det lammet som renser oss fra synd, kan vi lese i 1:29.
- 19:29 Se Salmenes bok 22:16 og 69:22.
- 19:31 ”Hviledagen”. I grunnteksten: Sabbaten. Jødene sin hviledag er den sjuende dagen i deres uke, altså lørdagen. Den dagen utfører ikke jødene noe unødvendig arbeid. Hviledagen ble innstiftet av Gud allerede i Første Mosebok 2:3.
- 19:31 ”Påske” kommer fra hebraisk ”pésach” eller ”pasách” som betyr ”gå forbi” eller ”skåne”. Jødene sin påske feires til minne om hvordan Gud reddet dem ut av slaveriet i Egypt. Se Andre Mosebok 12:1-27.
- 19:31 Når benene ble knust, døde den som var blitt spikret fast på korset, etter som kroppstyngden da presset sammen lungene. I følge den jødiske loven skulle de døde begraves samme dagen.
- 19:35 Johannes snakket om seg selv.
- 19:36 Se Andre Mosebok 12:46, Fjerde Mosebok 9:12 og Salmenes bok 34:21.
- 19:37 Se Sakarja 12:10.
- 19:42 I grunnteksten: etter som det var jødenes forberedelsesdag. Det var dagen før hviledagen, som begynner klokken 18.00 på fredagskvelden og slutter klokken 18.00 på lørdagskvelden. Mellom disse klokkeslettene blir det ikke utført noe unødvendig arbeid.
John 19
Complete Jewish Bible
19 Pilate then took Yeshua and had him flogged. 2 The soldiers twisted thorn-branches into a crown and placed it on his head, put a purple robe on him, 3 and went up to him, saying over and over, “Hail, ‘king of the Jews’!” and hitting him in the face.
4 Pilate went outside once more and said to the crowd, “Look, I’m bringing him out to you to get you to understand that I find no case against him.” 5 So Yeshua came out, wearing the thorn-branch crown and the purple robe. Pilate said to them, “Look at the man!” 6 When the head cohanim and the Temple guards saw him they shouted, “Put him to death on the stake! Put him to death on the stake!” Pilate said to them, “You take him out yourselves and put him to death on the stake, because I don’t find any case against him.” 7 The Judeans answered him, “We have a law; according to that law, he ought to be put to death, because he made himself out to be the Son of God.” 8 On hearing this, Pilate became even more frightened.
9 He went back into the headquarters and asked Yeshua, “Where are you from?” But Yeshua didn’t answer. 10 So Pilate said to him, “You refuse to speak to me? Don’t you understand that it is in my power either to set you free or to have you executed on the stake?” 11 Yeshua answered, “You would have no power over me if it hadn’t been given to you from above; this is why the one who handed me over to you is guilty of a greater sin.” 12 On hearing this, Pilate tried to find a way to set him free; but the Judeans shouted, “If you set this man free, it means you’re not a ‘Friend of the Emperor’! Everyone who claims to be a king is opposing the Emperor!” 13 When Pilate heard what they were saying, he brought Yeshua outside and sat down on the judge’s seat in the place called The Pavement (in Aramaic, Gabta); 14 it was about noon on Preparation Day for Pesach. He said to the Judeans, “Here’s your king!” 15 They shouted, “Take him away! Take him away! Put him to death on the stake!” Pilate said to them, “You want me to execute your king on a stake?” The head cohanim answered, “We have no king but the Emperor.” 16 Then Pilate handed Yeshua over to them to have him put to death on the stake.
So they took charge of Yeshua. 17 Carrying the stake himself he went out to the place called Skull (in Aramaic, Gulgolta). 18 There they nailed him to the stake along with two others, one on either side, with Yeshua in the middle. 19 Pilate also had a notice written and posted on the stake; it read,
YESHUA FROM NATZERET
THE KING OF THE JEWS
20 Many of the Judeans read this notice, because the place where Yeshua was put on the stake was close to the city; and it had been written in Hebrew, in Latin and in Greek. 21 The Judeans’ head cohanim therefore said to Pilate, “Don’t write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but ‘He said, “I am King of the Jews.”’” 22 Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”
23 When the soldiers had nailed Yeshua to the stake, they took his clothes and divided them into four shares, a share for each soldier, with the under-robe left over. Now the under-robe was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom; 24 so they said to one another, “We shouldn’t tear it in pieces; let’s draw for it.” This happened in order to fulfill the words from the Tanakh,
“They divided my clothes among themselves
and gambled for my robe.”[a]
This is why the soldiers did these things.
25 Nearby Yeshua’s execution stake stood his mother, his mother’s sister Miryam the wife of K’lofah, and Miryam from Magdala. 26 When Yeshua saw his mother and the talmid whom he loved standing there, he said to his mother, “Mother, this is your son.” 27 Then he said to the talmid, “This is your mother.” And from that time on, the talmid took her into his own home.
28 After this, knowing that all things had accomplished their purpose, Yeshua, in order to fulfill the words of the Tanakh, said, “I’m thirsty.” 29 A jar full of cheap sour wine was there; so they soaked a sponge in the wine, coated it with oregano leaves and held it up to his mouth. 30 After Yeshua had taken the wine, he said, “It is accomplished!” And, letting his head droop, he delivered up his spirit.
31 It was Preparation Day, and the Judeans did not want the bodies to remain on the stake on Shabbat, since it was an especially important Shabbat. So they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies removed. 32 The soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who had been put on a stake beside Yeshua, then the legs of the other one; 33 but when they got to Yeshua and saw that he was already dead, they didn’t break his legs. 34 However, one of the soldiers stabbed his side with a spear, and at once blood and water flowed out. 35 The man who saw it has testified about it, and his testimony is true. And he knows that he tells the truth, so you too can trust. 36 For these things happened in order to fulfill this passage of the Tanakh:
“Not one of his bones will be broken.”[b]
37 And again, another passage says,
“They will look at him whom they have pierced.”[c]
38 After this, Yosef of Ramatayim, who was a talmid of Yeshua, but a secret one out of fear of the Judeans, asked Pilate if he could have Yeshua’s body. Pilate gave his consent, so Yosef came and took the body away. 39 Also Nakdimon, who at first had gone to see Yeshua by night, came with some seventy pounds of spices — a mixture of myrrh and aloes. 40 They took Yeshua’s body and wrapped it up in linen sheets with the spices, in keeping with Judean burial practice. 41 In the vicinity of where he had been executed was a garden, and in the garden was a new tomb in which no one had ever been buried. 42 So, because it was Preparation Day for the Judeans, and because the tomb was close by, that is where they buried Yeshua.
Footnotes
- John 19:24 Psalm 22:19(18)
- John 19:36 Psalm 34:21(20); Exodus 12:46; Numbers 9:12
- John 19:37 Zechariah 12:10
John 19
King James Version
19 Then Pilate therefore took Jesus, and scourged him.
2 And the soldiers platted a crown of thorns, and put it on his head, and they put on him a purple robe,
3 And said, Hail, King of the Jews! and they smote him with their hands.
4 Pilate therefore went forth again, and saith unto them, Behold, I bring him forth to you, that ye may know that I find no fault in him.
5 Then came Jesus forth, wearing the crown of thorns, and the purple robe. And Pilate saith unto them, Behold the man!
6 When the chief priests therefore and officers saw him, they cried out, saying, Crucify him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Take ye him, and crucify him: for I find no fault in him.
7 The Jews answered him, We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.
8 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he was the more afraid;
9 And went again into the judgment hall, and saith unto Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave him no answer.
10 Then saith Pilate unto him, Speakest thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have power to crucify thee, and have power to release thee?
11 Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.
12 And from thenceforth Pilate sought to release him: but the Jews cried out, saying, If thou let this man go, thou art not Caesar's friend: whosoever maketh himself a king speaketh against Caesar.
13 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha.
14 And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!
15 But they cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Caesar.
16 Then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led him away.
17 And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha:
18 Where they crucified him, and two other with him, on either side one, and Jesus in the midst.
19 And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was Jesus Of Nazareth The King Of The Jews.
20 This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin.
21 Then said the chief priests of the Jews to Pilate, Write not, The King of the Jews; but that he said, I am King of the Jews.
22 Pilate answered, What I have written I have written.
23 Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout.
24 They said therefore among themselves, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: that the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the soldiers did.
25 Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.
26 When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son!
27 Then saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto his own home.
28 After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst.
29 Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and they filled a spunge with vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and put it to his mouth.
30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.
31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.
32 Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him.
33 But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:
34 But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.
35 And he that saw it bare record, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe.
36 For these things were done, that the scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken.
37 And again another scripture saith, They shall look on him whom they pierced.
38 And after this Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He came therefore, and took the body of Jesus.
39 And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first came to Jesus by night, and brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight.
40 Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury.
41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden; and in the garden a new sepulchre, wherein was never man yet laid.
42 There laid they Jesus therefore because of the Jews' preparation day; for the sepulchre was nigh at hand.
En Levende Bok: Det Nye Testamentet Copyright © 1978, 1988 by Biblica, Inc.®
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Copyright © 1998 by David H. Stern. All rights reserved.