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Johannes 19
Het Boek
Johannes 19
Het Boek
De kruisiging van Jezus
19 Pilatus nam Jezus mee en liet Hem geselen. 2 De soldaten maakten een krans van doornige takken en zetten die op zijn hoofd. Daarna deden zij Hem een rode mantel om en zeiden spottend: 3 ‘Gegroet, koning van de Joden!’ Daarbij sloegen zij Hem in het gezicht. 4 Pilatus ging weer naar de Joden toe en zei tegen hen: ‘Hier is Hij weer. Begrijp mij goed: volgens mij heeft Hij niets strafbaars gedaan.’
5 Jezus kwam achter hem aan naar buiten, met de doornenkroon op zijn hoofd en de rode mantel om. ‘Hier is Hij, de Mens,’ zei Pilatus. 6 Zodra de leidende priesters en de bewakers Jezus zagen, begonnen zij te schreeuwen: ‘Kruisigen! Kruisigen!’ ‘Neemt u hem dan mee en kruisig hem zelf,’ antwoordde Pilatus. ‘Ik zeg dat Hij onschuldig is.’ 7 De Joden antwoordden: ‘Volgens onze wetten moet Hij sterven, want Hij heeft Zichzelf de Zoon van God genoemd!’
8 Toen Pilatus dat hoorde, werd hij echt bang. 9 Hij nam Jezus weer mee naar binnen en vroeg: ‘Waar komt U vandaan?’ Jezus gaf hem echter geen antwoord. 10 ‘Waarom geeft U mij geen antwoord?’ vroeg Pilatus. ‘Weet u niet dat ik de macht heb om U vrij te laten of te kruisigen?’ 11 ‘U zou geen macht over Mij hebben als God u die niet gegeven had,’ antwoordde Jezus. ‘De grootste schuld ligt bij hem die Mij aan u heeft overgeleverd.’ 12 Pilatus werd door die woorden diep getroffen en probeerde een manier te vinden om Jezus vrij te laten. Maar de Joden bleven schreeuwen: ‘Als u die man vrijlaat, bent u geen vriend van de keizer! Wie zichzelf tot koning uitroept, is een vijand van de keizer!’
13 Toen Pilatus dat hoorde, bracht hij Jezus opnieuw naar buiten en ging op de rechterstoel zitten. Die stoel stond op een stenen verhoging die in het Hebreeuws Gabbata heette. 14 Het was twaalf uur ʼs middags. Die avond zou de sabbat van de Paasweek beginnen. ‘Hier is jullie koning,’ zei Pilatus tegen de Joden. 15 ‘Weg met die man! Weg met Hem!’ schreeuwden zij. ‘Kruisig Hem!’ ‘Moet ik uw koning kruisigen?’ vroeg Pilatus. ‘Hij is onze koning niet!’ schreeuwden de priesters. ‘We hebben maar één koning en dat is de keizer!’ 16 Daarop gaf Pilatus Jezus aan hen over om gekruisigd te worden. Zij namen Jezus mee 17 en brachten Hem naar een plaats buiten de stad. Die plaats heette Schedelplaats of in het Hebreeuws Golgota. Jezus droeg Zelf zijn kruis.
18 Daar aangekomen sloegen zij Hem aan het kruis, samen met twee anderen, de een links en de ander rechts van Hem. 19 Er werd een bord aan het kruis bevestigd, waarop Pilatus in het Hebreeuws, Latijn en Grieks had laten schrijven: ‘Jezus van Nazareth, de Koning van de Joden.’ 20 En vele Joden lazen dat, want de plaats waar Jezus gekruisigd werd, lag niet ver buiten de stad. 21 De priesters zeiden tegen Pilatus: ‘U had niet moeten schrijven: “De koning van de Joden,” maar: “Hij heeft gezegd dat Hij de koning van de Joden is.” ’ 22 ‘Wat ik geschreven heb, blijft staan,’ antwoordde Pilatus.
23 De vier soldaten die Jezus aan het kruis hadden geslagen, verdeelden zijn kleren onder elkaar. Zijn onderkleed was naadloos geweven 24 en daarom zeiden zij tegen elkaar: ‘We moeten het niet in stukken scheuren, we gaan erom loten.’ Dat klopte met wat in de Boeken staat geschreven: ‘Zij hebben mijn kleren onder elkaar verdeeld, zij hebben om mijn kleding geloot.’
25 Jezusʼ moeder stond met haar zuster, Maria van Klopas en Maria van Magdala bij het kruis. 26 Jezus zag zijn moeder staan bij de leerling die zijn beste vriend was. ‘Kijk, hij is uw zoon,’ zei Hij tegen haar. 27 En tegen de leerling zei Hij: ‘Zij is uw moeder.’ Van toen af aan nam die leerling haar bij zich in huis.
28 Jezus wist dat alles wat gedaan moest worden, nu gedaan was en zei, zoals er geschreven staat: ‘Ik heb dorst.’ 29 Een van de soldaten doopte een spons in een kan met zure wijn. Hij stak die op een stok en hield hem bij Jezusʼ mond. 30 Toen Jezus wat van de wijn gedronken had, zei Hij: ‘Mijn taak is vervuld!’ Hij boog zijn hoofd en gaf de geest.
31 Die avond zou de sabbat beginnen. Daarom wilden de Joden niet dat de lichamen nog langer aan de kruisen zouden blijven hangen. Zij vroegen Pilatus hun benen te laten breken. Dan zouden zij eerder sterven en konden de lichamen vóór de sabbat van het kruis worden afgenomen, want dat was erg belangrijk. 32 Daarop braken de soldaten eerst de benen van de twee mannen die gelijk met Jezus waren gekruisigd. 33 Maar toen zij bij Jezus kwamen, zagen zij dat Hij al gestorven was. Daarom braken zij zijn benen niet. 34 Wel stak een van de soldaten zijn speer in Jezusʼ zij. Meteen kwam er bloed en water uit. 35 Johannes heeft dit met eigen ogen gezien en zijn verklaring is betrouwbaar. Hij weet dat hij de waarheid spreekt en wil dat ook u gelooft. 36 Wat er met Jezus gebeurde, klopt met wat er geschreven staat: ‘Geen van zijn botten zal gebroken worden.’ 37 En ergens anders staat: ‘Zij zullen kijken naar Hem die zij hebben doorstoken.’
38 Na deze gebeurtenissen vroeg Jozef van Arimathea aan Pilatus of hij Jezusʼ lichaam mocht wegnemen. Pilatus vond het goed. Deze Jozef was een leerling van Jezus. Maar hij had er niet voor durven uitkomen, omdat hij bang was voor de Joden. Daarop haalde hij Jezusʼ lichaam van het kruis af. 39 Nikodemus, die op een nacht met Jezus was komen praten, ging met hem mee. Hij had ruim dertig kilo balsemkruiden bij zich, een mengsel van mirre en aloë.
40 De twee mannen wikkelden Jezusʼ lichaam met de geurige kruiden in linnen doeken, want dat is bij de Joden de gewoonte als ze iemand gaan begraven. 41 Niet ver van de plaats waar Jezus gekruisigd was, lag een tuin. In die tuin was een nieuw graf waarin nog nooit een dode had gelegen. 42 Omdat de zon bijna onderging en dan de sabbat zou beginnen, legden zij Jezus in dat graf.
John 19
New King James Version
John 19
New King James Version
The Soldiers Mock Jesus(A)
19 So then (B)Pilate took Jesus and scourged Him. 2 And the soldiers twisted a crown of thorns and put it on His head, and they put on Him a purple robe. 3 [a]Then they said, “Hail, King of the Jews!” And they (C)struck Him with their hands.
4 Pilate then went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I am bringing Him out to you, (D)that you may know that I find no fault in Him.”
Pilate’s Decision
5 Then Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. And Pilate said to them, “Behold the Man!”
6 (E)Therefore, when the chief priests and officers saw Him, they cried out, saying, “Crucify Him, crucify Him!”
Pilate said to them, “You take Him and crucify Him, for I find no fault in Him.”
7 The Jews answered him, (F)“We have a law, and according to [b]our law He ought to die, because (G)He made Himself the Son of God.”
8 Therefore, when Pilate heard that saying, he was the more afraid, 9 and went again into the Praetorium, and said to Jesus, “Where are You from?” (H)But Jesus gave him no answer.
10 Then Pilate said to Him, “Are You not speaking to me? Do You not know that I have [c]power to crucify You, and power to release You?”
11 Jesus answered, (I)“You could have no power at all against Me unless it had been given you from above. Therefore (J)the one who delivered Me to you has the greater sin.”
12 From then on Pilate sought to release Him, but the Jews cried out, saying, “If you let this Man go, you are not Caesar’s friend. (K)Whoever makes himself a king speaks against Caesar.”
13 (L)When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus out and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called The Pavement, but in Hebrew, Gabbatha. 14 Now (M)it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, and about the sixth hour. And he said to the Jews, “Behold your King!”
15 But they cried out, “Away with Him, away with Him! Crucify Him!”
Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your King?”
The chief priests answered, (N)“We have no king but Caesar!”
16 (O)Then he delivered Him to them to be crucified. Then they took Jesus [d]and led Him away.
The King on a Cross(P)
17 (Q)And He, bearing His cross, (R)went out to a place called the Place of a Skull, which is called in Hebrew, Golgotha, 18 where they crucified Him, and (S)two others with Him, one on either side, and Jesus in the center. 19 (T)Now Pilate wrote a title and put it on the cross. And the writing was:
JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.
20 Then many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.
21 Therefore the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but, ‘He said, “I am the King of the Jews.” ’ ”
22 Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”
23 (U)Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took His garments and made four parts, to each soldier a part, and also the tunic. Now the tunic was without seam, woven from the top in one piece. 24 They said therefore among themselves, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be,” that the Scripture might be fulfilled which says:
(V)“They divided My garments among them,
And for My clothing they cast lots.”
Therefore the soldiers did these things.
Behold Your Mother
25 (W)Now there stood by the cross of Jesus His mother, and His mother’s sister, Mary the wife of (X)Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26 When Jesus therefore saw His mother, and (Y)the disciple whom He loved standing by, He said to His mother, (Z)“Woman, behold your son!” 27 Then He said to the disciple, “Behold your mother!” And from that hour that disciple took her (AA)to his own home.
It Is Finished
28 After this, Jesus, [e]knowing that all things were now accomplished, (AB)that the Scripture might be fulfilled, said, “I thirst!” 29 Now a vessel full of sour wine was sitting there; and (AC)they filled a sponge with sour wine, put it on hyssop, and put it to His mouth. 30 So when Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, (AD)“It is finished!” And bowing His head, He gave up His spirit.
Jesus’ Side Is Pierced
31 (AE)Therefore, because it was the Preparation Day, (AF)that the bodies should not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a (AG)high day), the Jews asked Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. 32 Then the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was crucified with Him. 33 But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. 34 But one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately (AH)blood and water came out. 35 And he who has seen has testified, and his testimony is (AI)true; and he knows that he is telling the truth, so that you may (AJ)believe. 36 For these things were done that the Scripture should be fulfilled, (AK)“Not one of His bones shall be broken.” 37 And again another Scripture says, (AL)“They shall look on Him whom they pierced.”
Jesus Buried in Joseph’s Tomb(AM)
38 (AN)After this, Joseph of Arimathea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly, (AO)for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus; and Pilate gave him permission. So he came and took the body of Jesus. 39 And (AP)Nicodemus, who at first came to Jesus by night, also came, bringing a mixture of (AQ)myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds. 40 Then they took the body of Jesus, and (AR)bound it in strips of linen with the spices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury. 41 Now in the place where He was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb in which no one had yet been laid. 42 So (AS)there they laid Jesus, (AT)because of the Jews’ Preparation Day, for the tomb was nearby.
Footnotes
- John 19:3 NU And they came up to Him and said
- John 19:7 NU the law
- John 19:10 authority
- John 19:16 NU omits and led Him away
- John 19:28 M seeing
John 19
New International Version
John 19
New International Version
Jesus Sentenced to Be Crucified(A)
19 Then Pilate took Jesus and had him flogged.(B) 2 The soldiers twisted together a crown of thorns and put it on his head. They clothed him in a purple robe 3 and went up to him again and again, saying, “Hail, king of the Jews!”(C) And they slapped him in the face.(D)
4 Once more Pilate came out and said to the Jews gathered there, “Look, I am bringing him out(E) to you to let you know that I find no basis for a charge against him.”(F) 5 When Jesus came out wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe,(G) Pilate said to them, “Here is the man!”
6 As soon as the chief priests and their officials saw him, they shouted, “Crucify! Crucify!”
But Pilate answered, “You take him and crucify him.(H) As for me, I find no basis for a charge against him.”(I)
7 The Jewish leaders insisted, “We have a law, and according to that law he must die,(J) because he claimed to be the Son of God.”(K)
8 When Pilate heard this, he was even more afraid, 9 and he went back inside the palace.(L) “Where do you come from?” he asked Jesus, but Jesus gave him no answer.(M) 10 “Do you refuse to speak to me?” Pilate said. “Don’t you realize I have power either to free you or to crucify you?”
11 Jesus answered, “You would have no power over me if it were not given to you from above.(N) Therefore the one who handed me over to you(O) is guilty of a greater sin.”
12 From then on, Pilate tried to set Jesus free, but the Jewish leaders kept shouting, “If you let this man go, you are no friend of Caesar. Anyone who claims to be a king(P) opposes Caesar.”
13 When Pilate heard this, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judge’s seat(Q) at a place known as the Stone Pavement (which in Aramaic(R) is Gabbatha). 14 It was the day of Preparation(S) of the Passover; it was about noon.(T)
“Here is your king,”(U) Pilate said to the Jews.
15 But they shouted, “Take him away! Take him away! Crucify him!”
“Shall I crucify your king?” Pilate asked.
“We have no king but Caesar,” the chief priests answered.
16 Finally Pilate handed him over to them to be crucified.(V)
The Crucifixion of Jesus(W)
So the soldiers took charge of Jesus. 17 Carrying his own cross,(X) he went out to the place of the Skull(Y) (which in Aramaic(Z) is called Golgotha). 18 There they crucified him, and with him two others(AA)—one on each side and Jesus in the middle.
19 Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. It read: jesus of nazareth,(AB) the king of the jews.(AC) 20 Many of the Jews read this sign, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city,(AD) and the sign was written in Aramaic, Latin and Greek. 21 The chief priests of the Jews protested to Pilate, “Do not write ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that this man claimed to be king of the Jews.”(AE)
22 Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”
23 When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them into four shares, one for each of them, with the undergarment remaining. This garment was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom.
24 “Let’s not tear it,” they said to one another. “Let’s decide by lot who will get it.”
This happened that the scripture might be fulfilled(AF) that said,
So this is what the soldiers did.
25 Near the cross(AH) of Jesus stood his mother,(AI) his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.(AJ) 26 When Jesus saw his mother(AK) there, and the disciple whom he loved(AL) standing nearby, he said to her, “Woman,[b] here is your son,” 27 and to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” From that time on, this disciple took her into his home.
The Death of Jesus(AM)
28 Later, knowing that everything had now been finished,(AN) and so that Scripture would be fulfilled,(AO) Jesus said, “I am thirsty.” 29 A jar of wine vinegar(AP) was there, so they soaked a sponge in it, put the sponge on a stalk of the hyssop plant, and lifted it to Jesus’ lips. 30 When he had received the drink, Jesus said, “It is finished.”(AQ) With that, he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
31 Now it was the day of Preparation,(AR) and the next day was to be a special Sabbath. Because the Jewish leaders did not want the bodies left on the crosses(AS) during the Sabbath, they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies taken down. 32 The soldiers therefore came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and then those of the other.(AT) 33 But when they came to Jesus and found that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 Instead, one of the soldiers pierced(AU) Jesus’ side with a spear, bringing a sudden flow of blood and water.(AV) 35 The man who saw it(AW) has given testimony, and his testimony is true.(AX) He knows that he tells the truth, and he testifies so that you also may believe. 36 These things happened so that the scripture would be fulfilled:(AY) “Not one of his bones will be broken,”[c](AZ) 37 and, as another scripture says, “They will look on the one they have pierced.”[d](BA)
The Burial of Jesus(BB)
38 Later, Joseph of Arimathea asked Pilate for the body of Jesus. Now Joseph was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly because he feared the Jewish leaders.(BC) With Pilate’s permission, he came and took the body away. 39 He was accompanied by Nicodemus,(BD) the man who earlier had visited Jesus at night. Nicodemus brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds.[e] 40 Taking Jesus’ body, the two of them wrapped it, with the spices, in strips of linen.(BE) This was in accordance with Jewish burial customs.(BF) 41 At the place where Jesus was crucified, there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb, in which no one had ever been laid. 42 Because it was the Jewish day of Preparation(BG) and since the tomb was nearby,(BH) they laid Jesus there.
Footnotes
- John 19:24 Psalm 22:18
- John 19:26 The Greek for Woman does not denote any disrespect.
- John 19:36 Exodus 12:46; Num. 9:12; Psalm 34:20
- John 19:37 Zech. 12:10
- John 19:39 Or about 34 kilograms
John 19
New International Reader's Version
John 19
New International Reader's Version
Jesus Is Sentenced to Be Crucified
19 Then Pilate took Jesus and had him whipped. 2 The soldiers twisted thorns together to make a crown. They put it on Jesus’ head. Then they put a purple robe on him. 3 They went up to him again and again. They kept saying, “We honor you, king of the Jews!” And they slapped him in the face.
4 Once more Pilate came out. He said to the Jews gathered there, “Look, I am bringing Jesus out to you. I want to let you know that I find no basis for a charge against him.” 5 Jesus came out wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. Then Pilate said to them, “Here is the man!”
6 As soon as the chief priests and their officials saw him, they shouted, “Crucify him! Crucify him!”
But Pilate answered, “You take him and crucify him. I myself find no basis for a charge against him.”
7 The Jewish leaders replied, “We have a law. That law says he must die. He claimed to be the Son of God.”
8 When Pilate heard that, he was even more afraid. 9 He went back inside the palace. “Where do you come from?” he asked Jesus. But Jesus did not answer him. 10 “Do you refuse to speak to me?” Pilate said. “Don’t you understand? I have the power to set you free or to nail you to a cross.”
11 Jesus answered, “You were given power from heaven. If you weren’t, you would have no power over me. So the one who handed me over to you is guilty of a greater sin.”
12 From then on, Pilate tried to set Jesus free. But the Jewish leaders kept shouting, “If you let this man go, you are not Caesar’s friend! Anyone who claims to be a king is against Caesar!”
13 When Pilate heard that, he brought Jesus out. Pilate sat down on the judge’s seat. It was at a place called the Stone Walkway. In the Aramaic language it was called Gabbatha. 14 It was about noon on Preparation Day in Passover Week.
“Here is your king,” Pilate said to the Jews.
15 But they shouted, “Take him away! Take him away! Crucify him!”
“Should I crucify your king?” Pilate asked.
“We have no king but Caesar,” the chief priests answered.
16 Finally, Pilate handed Jesus over to them to be nailed to a cross.
Jesus Is Nailed to a Cross
So the soldiers took charge of Jesus. 17 He had to carry his own cross. He went out to a place called the Skull. In the Aramaic language it was called Golgotha. 18 There they nailed Jesus to the cross. Two other men were crucified with him. One was on each side of him. Jesus was in the middle.
19 Pilate had a notice prepared. It was fastened to the cross. It read,
Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.
20 Many of the Jews read the sign. That’s because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city. And the sign was written in the Aramaic, Latin and Greek languages. 21 The chief priests of the Jews argued with Pilate. They said, “Do not write ‘The King of the Jews.’ Write that this man claimed to be king of the Jews.”
22 Pilate answered, “I have written what I have written.”
23 When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes. They divided them into four parts. Each soldier got one part. All that was left was Jesus’ long, inner robe. It did not have any seams. It was made out of one piece of cloth from top to bottom.
24 “Let’s not tear it,” they said to one another. “Let’s cast lots to see who will get it.”
This happened so that Scripture would come true. It says,
“They divided up my clothes among them.
They cast lots for what I was wearing.” (Psalm 22:18)
So that is what the soldiers did.
25 Jesus’ mother stood near his cross. So did his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26 Jesus saw his mother there. He also saw the disciple he loved standing nearby. Jesus said to his mother, “Dear woman, here is your son.” 27 He said to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” From that time on, the disciple took her into his home.
Jesus Dies
28 Later, Jesus knew that everything had now been finished. He also knew that what Scripture said must come true. So he said, “I am thirsty.” 29 A jar of wine vinegar was there. So they soaked a sponge in it. They put the sponge on the stem of a hyssop plant. Then they lifted it up to Jesus’ lips. 30 After Jesus drank he said, “It is finished.” Then he bowed his head and died.
31 It was Preparation Day. The next day would be a special Sabbath day. The Jewish leaders did not want the bodies left on the crosses during the Sabbath day. So they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies taken down. 32 The soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus. Then they broke the legs of the other man. 33 But when they came to Jesus, they saw that he was already dead. So they did not break his legs. 34 Instead, one of the soldiers stuck his spear into Jesus’ side. Right away, blood and water flowed out. 35 The man who saw it has been a witness about it. And what he has said is true. He knows that he tells the truth. He is a witness so that you also may believe. 36 These things happened in order that Scripture would come true. It says, “Not one of his bones will be broken.” (Exodus 12:46; Numbers 9:12; Psalm 34:20) 37 Scripture also says, “They will look to the one they have pierced.” (Zechariah 12:10)
Jesus Is Buried
38 Later Joseph asked Pilate for Jesus’ body. Joseph was from the town of Arimathea. He was a follower of Jesus. But he followed Jesus secretly because he was afraid of the Jewish leaders. After Pilate gave him permission, Joseph came and took the body away. 39 Nicodemus went with Joseph. He was the man who had earlier visited Jesus at night. Nicodemus brought some mixed spices that weighed about 75 pounds. 40 The two men took Jesus’ body. They wrapped it in strips of linen cloth, along with the spices. That was the way the Jews buried people. 41 At the place where Jesus was crucified, there was a garden. A new tomb was there. No one had ever been put in it before. 42 That day was the Jewish Preparation Day, and the tomb was nearby. So they placed Jesus there.
Het Boek (HTB)
Het Boek Copyright © 1979, 1988, 2007 by Biblica, Inc.®
Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
New King James Version (NKJV) 
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
New International Version (NIV) 
Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
NIV Reverse Interlinear Bible: English to Hebrew and English to Greek. Copyright © 2019 by Zondervan.
New International Reader's Version (NIRV) 
Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1998, 2014 by Biblica, Inc.®. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.