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Messias som Ordet fra Gud

I begyndelsen var Ordet. Ordet var hos Gud, og Ordet var Gud.[a] Ordet var til fra begyndelsen, sammen med Gud. Alt blev til gennem det Ord, ja uden det blev intet af det til, som nu findes. Ordet havde Livet i sig, og det Liv blev menneskenes Lys. Lyset strålede midt i mørket, og mørket fik ikke bugt med det.

Et menneske stod frem, sendt fra Gud. Hans navn var Johannes. Han kom for at pege på Lyset, for at alle derigennem kunne komme til tro. Han var ikke selv Lyset, men skulle aflægge vidnesbyrd om Lyset. Det sande Lys var på vej ind i verden. Det bringer lys til ethvert menneske.

10 Ordet kom til denne verden, en verden, han selv havde skabt, men verden ville ikke kendes ved ham. 11 Han kom til sit eget folk, men de tog ikke imod ham. 12 Men dem, der tog imod ham, dem, der troede på ham, dem gav han ret til at kalde sig Guds børn. 13 De blev født på ny. Det er ikke en almindelig menneskelig fødsel forårsaget af menneskers beslutning og handling. Det er en guddommelig fødsel.

14 Ordet blev menneske og slog sig ned iblandt os. Vi fik lov at se hans herlighed—en herlighed, som den fuldkomne[b] Søn har fra sin Far, fuld af nåde og sandhed.

15 (Og Johannes Døber vidnede om ham. Han råbte sit budskab ud: „Det var ham, jeg mente, da jeg sagde: ‚Han, som skal træde frem efter mig, er større end mig, for han var til, før jeg blev født.’ ”)

16 Vi har jo alle fået del i Guds søns herlighed, og vi har oplevet Guds nåde, som overgår alle tidligere udtryk for hans nåde,[c] 17 for Moses bragte os Toraen, men Jesus, den ventede Messias, bragte os den fuldkomne nåde og sandhed.

18 Intet menneske har nogensinde set Gud. Men den fuldkomne Søn,[d] som sidder ved Faderens side, har vist os, hvem han er.

Johannes Døber(A)

19 Johannes kom med følgende vidnesbyrd om Jesus, da de jødiske ledere i Jerusalem sendte en gruppe præster og levitter[e] ud til ham i ødemarken. De spurgte ham ud om, hvem han var, 20 men han svarede uden omsvøb: „Jeg er ikke Messias.”

21 „Jamen, hvem er du så?” spurgte de. „Er du profeten Elias, som er vendt tilbage?”[f]

„Nej,” svarede han.

„Er du den store Profet, vi venter på?”[g]

„Nej.”

22 „Jamen, hvem er du så? Sig os det! Vi skal jo have et svar med til dem, der har sendt os. Hvad siger du om dig selv?”

23 Han svarede: „Jeg er den, som Esajas profeterede om, da han sagde:

‚Der lyder en stemme i ødemarken:
    Gør vejen klar til Herrens komme!’[h]

24 Gruppen var blevet sendt derud af farisæerne,[i] 25 og derfor spurgte de Johannes: „Hvis du hverken er Messias eller Elias eller Profeten, hvorfor døber du så?”

26 Jeg døber kun med vand,” svarede han, „men iblandt jer står der en, I ikke kender. 27 Det er ham, jeg baner vej for, og han har større autoritet, end jeg har. Jeg er ikke engang værdig til at hjælpe ham sandalerne af.”

28 Det her fandt sted ved Betania øst for Jordanfloden,[j] hvor Johannes opholdt sig og døbte.

Johannes Døber udpeger Jesus som Guds offerlam

29 Den følgende dag kom Jesus gående hen mod Johannes, der var omgivet af en gruppe af sine disciple. „Se dér!” sagde Johannes, „dér kommer Guds Lam! Det er ham, der skal tage hele verdens synd på sig. 30 Det var ham, jeg hentydede til, da jeg sagde: ‚Han, som skal træde frem efter mig, er større end mig, for han var til, før jeg blev født.’ 31 I begyndelsen vidste jeg ikke, hvem Messias var, men jeg døber jer, for at Israels folk må få øjnene op for, hvem han er.”

32 Johannes kom derefter med følgende vidnesbyrd om Jesus: „Jeg så Helligånden komme ned fra himlen ligesom en due og blive over ham. 33 Indtil da vidste jeg ikke, hvem der var Messias, men da Gud sendte mig for at døbe med vand, sagde han til mig: ‚Ham du ser Ånden komme ned over og blive over, ham er det! Det er ham, der døber med Helligåndens kraft.’ 34 Det har jeg nu set, og derfor kan jeg give jer det vidnesbyrd, at han virkelig er Guds Søn!”

Jesus møder sine første disciple

35 Dagen efter stod Johannes der igen sammen med to af sine disciple. 36 Da han så Jesus komme gående, sagde han: „Se! Det er Guds Lam!”

37 Da de to disciple hørte det, fulgte de efter Jesus. 38 Han lagde mærke til, at de fulgte efter ham, og vendte sig om mod dem. „Hvad vil I?” spurgte han.

„Mester, hvor bor du?”

39 „Kom og se,” svarede han. Så gik de med ham hen til det sted, hvor han boede. Klokken var ca. 10 om formiddagen,[k] og de blev hos ham resten af dagen.

40 En af de to mænd, som fulgte med Jesus, hed Andreas. Han var bror til Simon Peter. 41 Det første Andreas derefter gjorde, var at finde sin bror og sige til ham: „Vi har mødt Messias!” 42 Og han tog ham med hen til Jesus. Jesus så Simon i øjnene og sagde: „Du er Simon, Johannes’ søn,[l] men fra nu af skal du hedde Kefas.” (Det er det samme som Peter).[m]

Jesus inviterer flere til at blive hans disciple

43-44 Næste dag besluttede Jesus at begynde rejsen tilbage til Galilæa. Han mødte da Filip, der var fra Betsajda ligesom Andreas og Peter, og han sagde til ham: „Kom med mig og bliv min discipel.” 45 Filip gik straks hen for at finde Natanael. „Vi har mødt Messias,” fortalte han, „ham, som Moses og profeterne har skrevet om. Han hedder Jesus og er søn af en, der hedder Josef fra Nazaret.”

46 „Nazaret?” udbrød Natanael. „Kan noget godt komme fra Nazaret?”

„Kom selv og se,” svarede Filip.

47 Da Jesus så Natanael komme, sagde han: „Dér kommer en israelit, som er helt igennem ærlig.”

48 „Hvor kender du mig fra?” spurgte Natanael.

„Jeg så dig under figentræet, inden Filip kaldte på dig.”

49 „Mester, så må du være Guds Søn, Israels konge!”

50 „Tror du, bare fordi jeg sagde, at jeg så dig under figentræet? Du skal komme til at se større ting end det.”

51 Så fortsatte han: „Det siger jeg jer: I skal få lov at se himlen åben og engle bevæge sig op og ned mellem Gud og Menneskesønnen.”[n]

Footnotes

  1. 1,1 Kan også oversættes: Ordet var, hvad Gud var; Ordet var guddommeligt, var lig Gud, var som Gud eller var ét med Gud. Det græske ord logos kan betyde både ord og fornuft, og herfra har vi fået ordet logisk. I græsk tankegang var logos den fornuft, viden og samlende kraft, der lå bag skaberværket, mens det i jødisk tankegang henviste til skaberkraften, som den beskrives i 1.Mos. 1 ved at „Gud talte, og det blev skabt.”
  2. 1,14 Eller: „enbåren”, dvs. enebarn. En søn, som var enebarn, var arving og havde en ganske særlig stilling i forhold til sin far. Det samme græske ord forekommer i vers 18.
  3. 1,16 Mere ordret: „…del i hans fylde, ja, nåde i stedet for nåde”.
  4. 1,18 Nogle håndskrifter siger „Gud” i stedet for „Søn”, men i begge tilfælde refererer udtrykket til Jesus. Se også noten til v. 14.
  5. 1,19 Levitterne er de voksne mænd fra Levis stamme, som fra Moses’ tid havde haft til opgave at sørge for det praktiske i forbindelse med åbenbaringsteltet og senere templet i Jerusalem.
  6. 1,21 Se Mal. 3,23-24.
  7. 1,21 Jøderne ventede på en ny „Moses”, der skulle være en stor profet som Moses, jf. løftet i 5.Mos. 18,15.
  8. 1,23 Es. 40,3 LXX.
  9. 1,24 Farisæerne var den mest konservative gruppe blandt de religiøse jøder. De lagde stor vægt på rettroenhed og overholdelse af den jødiske lov, Toraen, ned til mindste detalje. De praktiserede dåb af deres tilhængere, og de så nok Johannes som en konkurrent.
  10. 1,28 Nogle håndskrifter har „Betabara” og enkelte har „Betaraba”. Det er et andet Betania end landsbyen nær Jerusalem.
  11. 1,39 Der var to måder at angive dagens tidspunkter på. Den første måde er den normale, dagligdags måde, som stadig bruges i Mellemøsten, Afrika og i andre lande, hvor dagene stort set har 12 timer året rundt. Ved den måde regner man fra solopgang, så dagens tiende time bliver kl. 16. Den anden måde blev brugt i Romerriget i historiske og officielle dokumenter. Ved den måde regner man dagens timer fra midnat, så den tiende time bliver kl. 10. Mattæus, Markus og Lukas brugte den normale, jødiske tidsregning. Johannes brugte efter al sandsynlighed den officielle romerske tidsregning. Derfor er det græske udtryk „det var omkring den tiende time” her oversat med „ca. kl. 10.” Det samme gør sig gældende de tre andre steder, hvor Johannes har en tidsangivelse, nemlig 4,6; 4,52 og 19,14.
  12. 1,42 En del håndskrifter siger „Jonas’ søn” både her og i 21,15-17, jf. Matt. 16,17.
  13. 1,42 Det græske navn Petros betyder „sten” og minder om petra, der betyder klippe(grund). Ordene svarer til det aramæiske ord kefa.
  14. 1,51 Jesus bruger udtrykket „Menneskesønnen” som en skjult henvisning til Dan. 7,13-14, som er en profeti om den Messias, der skulle komme som Frelser og Befrier. Dér omtales en person, der så ud som en „menneskesøn”. Det aramæiske ord i Daniel 7 betyder egentlig blot menneske. Det græske ord for „engel” er angelos, og det betyder sendebud.

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

The same was in the beginning with God.

All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.

In him was life; and the life was the light of men.

And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.

There was a man sent from God, whose name was John.

The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe.

He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light.

That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.

10 He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.

11 He came unto his own, and his own received him not.

12 But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name:

13 Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.

14 And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.

15 John bare witness of him, and cried, saying, This was he of whom I spake, He that cometh after me is preferred before me: for he was before me.

16 And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace.

17 For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.

18 No man hath seen God at any time, the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.

19 And this is the record of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, Who art thou?

20 And he confessed, and denied not; but confessed, I am not the Christ.

21 And they asked him, What then? Art thou Elias? And he saith, I am not. Art thou that prophet? And he answered, No.

22 Then said they unto him, Who art thou? that we may give an answer to them that sent us. What sayest thou of thyself?

23 He said, I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness, Make straight the way of the Lord, as said the prophet Esaias.

24 And they which were sent were of the Pharisees.

25 And they asked him, and said unto him, Why baptizest thou then, if thou be not that Christ, nor Elias, neither that prophet?

26 John answered them, saying, I baptize with water: but there standeth one among you, whom ye know not;

27 He it is, who coming after me is preferred before me, whose shoe's latchet I am not worthy to unloose.

28 These things were done in Bethabara beyond Jordan, where John was baptizing.

29 The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.

30 This is he of whom I said, After me cometh a man which is preferred before me: for he was before me.

31 And I knew him not: but that he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water.

32 And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.

33 And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending, and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost.

34 And I saw, and bare record that this is the Son of God.

35 Again the next day after John stood, and two of his disciples;

36 And looking upon Jesus as he walked, he saith, Behold the Lamb of God!

37 And the two disciples heard him speak, and they followed Jesus.

38 Then Jesus turned, and saw them following, and saith unto them, What seek ye? They said unto him, Rabbi, (which is to say, being interpreted, Master,) where dwellest thou?

39 He saith unto them, Come and see. They came and saw where he dwelt, and abode with him that day: for it was about the tenth hour.

40 One of the two which heard John speak, and followed him, was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother.

41 He first findeth his own brother Simon, and saith unto him, We have found the Messias, which is, being interpreted, the Christ.

42 And he brought him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas, which is by interpretation, A stone.

43 The day following Jesus would go forth into Galilee, and findeth Philip, and saith unto him, Follow me.

44 Now Philip was of Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter.

45 Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have found him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did write, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.

46 And Nathanael said unto him, Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth? Philip saith unto him, Come and see.

47 Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile!

48 Nathanael saith unto him, Whence knowest thou me? Jesus answered and said unto him, Before that Philip called thee, when thou wast under the fig tree, I saw thee.

49 Nathanael answered and saith unto him, Rabbi, thou art the Son of God; thou art the King of Israel.

50 Jesus answered and said unto him, Because I said unto thee, I saw thee under the fig tree, believest thou? thou shalt see greater things than these.

51 And he saith unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending upon the Son of man.

The Word Became Flesh

(A)In the beginning was (B)the Word, and (C)the Word was with God, and (D)the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. (E)All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made. (F)In him was life,[a] and (G)the life was the light of men. (H)The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.

There was a man (I)sent from God, whose name was (J)John. He came as a (K)witness, to bear witness about the light, (L)that all might believe through him. (M)He was not the light, but came to bear witness about the light.

(N)The true light, which gives light to everyone, was coming into the world. 10 He was in the world, and the world was made through him, yet (O)the world did not know him. 11 He came to (P)his own,[b] and (Q)his own people[c] (R)did not receive him. 12 But to all who did receive him, (S)who believed in his name, (T)he gave the right (U)to become (V)children of God, 13 who (W)were born, (X)not of blood (Y)nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of God.

14 And (Z)the Word (AA)became flesh and (AB)dwelt among us, (AC)and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son[d] from the Father, full of (AD)grace and (AE)truth. 15 ((AF)John bore witness about him, and cried out, “This was he of whom I said, (AG)‘He who comes after me ranks before me, because he was before me.’”) 16 For from (AH)his fullness we have all received, (AI)grace upon grace.[e] 17 For (AJ)the law was given through Moses; (AK)grace and truth came through Jesus Christ. 18 (AL)No one has ever seen God; (AM)God the only Son, who[f] is at the Father's side,[g] (AN)he has made him known.

The Testimony of John the Baptist

19 And this is the (AO)testimony of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, (AP)“Who are you?” 20 (AQ)He confessed, and did not deny, but confessed, “I am not the Christ.” 21 And they asked him, “What then? (AR)Are you Elijah?” He said, “I am not.” “Are you (AS)the Prophet?” And he answered, “No.” 22 So they said to him, “Who are you? We need to give an answer to those who sent us. What do you say about yourself?” 23 He said, “I am (AT)the voice of one crying out in the wilderness, ‘Make straight[h] the way of the Lord,’ as the prophet Isaiah said.”

24 (Now they had been sent from the Pharisees.) 25 They asked him, (AU)“Then why are you baptizing, if you are neither the Christ, nor Elijah, nor the Prophet?” 26 John answered them, (AV)“I baptize with water, but among you stands one you do not know, 27 even (AW)he who comes after me, the strap of whose sandal I am not worthy to untie.” 28 These things took place in Bethany across the Jordan, where John was baptizing.

Behold, the Lamb of God

29 The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold, (AX)the Lamb of God, who (AY)takes away the sin (AZ)of the world! 30 This is he of whom I said, (BA)‘After me comes a man who ranks before me, because he was before me.’ 31 I myself did not know him, but (BB)for this purpose I came baptizing with water, that he might be revealed to Israel.” 32 And John (BC)bore witness: (BD)“I saw the Spirit descend from heaven like a dove, and (BE)it remained on him. 33 I myself did not know him, but (BF)he who sent me to baptize (BG)with water said to me, ‘He on whom you see the Spirit descend and remain, (BH)this is he who baptizes (BI)with the Holy Spirit.’ 34 And I have seen and have borne witness that this is the Son[i] of God.”

Jesus Calls the First Disciples

35 The next day again John was standing with two of his disciples, 36 and he looked at Jesus as he walked by and said, “Behold, (BJ)the Lamb of God!” 37 The two disciples heard him say this, and they followed Jesus. 38 Jesus turned and saw them following and said to them, (BK)“What are you seeking?” And they said to him, (BL)“Rabbi” (which means Teacher), “where are you staying?” 39 He said to them, “Come and you will see.” So they came and saw where he was staying, and they stayed with him that day, for it was about the tenth hour.[j] 40 (BM)One of the two who heard John speak and followed Jesus[k] was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother. 41 He first found his own brother Simon and said to him, “We have found (BN)the Messiah” (which means Christ). 42 He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, “You are Simon the son of (BO)John. You shall be called (BP)Cephas” (which means (BQ)Peter[l]).

Jesus Calls Philip and Nathanael

43 (BR)The next day Jesus decided (BS)to go to Galilee. He found Philip and said to him, “Follow me.” 44 Now (BT)Philip was from Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter. 45 Philip found (BU)Nathanael and said to him, “We have found him of whom (BV)Moses in the Law and also the prophets wrote, Jesus (BW)of Nazareth, (BX)the son of Joseph.” 46 Nathanael said to him, (BY)“Can anything good come out of Nazareth?” Philip said to him, “Come and see.” 47 Jesus saw Nathanael coming toward him and said of him, “Behold, (BZ)an Israelite indeed, (CA)in whom there is no deceit!” 48 Nathanael said to him, “How (CB)do you know me?” Jesus answered him, “Before Philip called you, when you were under the fig tree, I saw you.” 49 Nathanael answered him, (CC)“Rabbi, (CD)you are the Son of God! You are the (CE)King of Israel!” 50 Jesus answered him, “Because I said to you, ‘I saw you under the fig tree,’ do you believe? You will see greater things than these.” 51 And he said to him, “Truly, truly, I say to you,[m] you will see (CF)heaven opened, and (CG)the angels of God ascending and descending on (CH)the Son of Man.”

Footnotes

  1. John 1:4 Or was not any thing made. That which has been made was life in him
  2. John 1:11 Greek to his own things; that is, to his own domain, or to his own people
  3. John 1:11 People is implied in Greek
  4. John 1:14 Or only One, or unique One
  5. John 1:16 Or grace in place of grace
  6. John 1:18 Or seen God; the only God who; some manuscripts seen God; the only Son, who (see verse 14)
  7. John 1:18 Greek in the bosom of the Father
  8. John 1:23 Or crying out, ‘In the wilderness make straight
  9. John 1:34 Some manuscripts the Chosen One
  10. John 1:39 That is, about 4 p.m.
  11. John 1:40 Greek him
  12. John 1:42 Cephas and Peter are from the word for rock in Aramaic and Greek, respectively
  13. John 1:51 The Greek for you is plural; twice in this verse