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Once there was a man from Uz by the name of Job. He was a very good man—his character spotless, his integrity unquestioned. In fact, he so believed in God that he sought to honor Him in all things. He deliberately avoided evil in all of his affairs. He had 7 sons and 3 daughters; he owned 7,000 sheep, 3,000 camels, 500 teams of oxen, 500 female donkeys, and a large number of servants. Among Easterners, he was the most powerful and influential man. His sons, who were all wealthy landowners, too, all used to gather together on each others’ birthdays and special occasions. The brothers would take turns hosting the others in their homes, and they would invite their three sisters to eat and drink with them. When these days of feasting were through, Job would call all of his family to his own house and purify them, rising up early in the morning to offer burnt sacrifices for each one.

Job: God, forgive my children for any secret sins or grudges they have against You deep in their hearts.

No worshiper of God could ever curse Him, so the Hebrew says “bless God” when the reality is, as Job says, they have “grudges . . . deep in their hearts.”

Job did this again and again.

Now one day, it came time for the sons of God, God’s heavenly messengers, to present themselves to the Eternal One to give reports and receive instructions. The Accuser[a] was with them there.

The dialogue between the Accuser and God is similar to what might be heard during a court case. Job is a person of the utmost integrity; he is someone God highly respects as His servant. Attacked by the Accuser in God’s heavenly court, Job’s actions are both supported and evaluated by God, who fills the roles of both Job’s Advocate and the Promoter of Justice.

Eternal One (to the Accuser): Where have you been?

The Accuser: Oh, roaming here and there, running about the earth and observing its inhabitants.

Eternal One: Well, have you looked into the man, Job, My servant? He is unlike any other person on the whole earth—a very good man—his character spotless, his integrity unquestioned. In fact, he so believes in Me that he seeks, in all things, to honor Me and deliberately avoids evil in all of his affairs.

The Accuser: I won’t argue with You that he is pious, but is all of this believing in You and honoring You for no reason? 10 Haven’t You encircled him with Your very own protection, and not only him but his entire household and all that he has? Not only this, but Your blessing accompanies whatever his hand touches, and see how his possessions have grown. It is easy to be so pious in the face of such prosperity. 11 So now extend Your hand! Destroy all of these possessions of his, and he will certainly curse You, right to Your face.

Eternal One: 12 I delegate this task to you. His possessions are now in your hand. One thing, though: you are not to lay a finger on the man himself. Job must not be touched.

With that, the Accuser left the court and the Eternal’s presence.

13 Now one day, all of Job’s children were gathered together under the roof of Job’s firstborn for their usual celebration—feasting and drinking wine— 14 when a messenger came to Job.

Messenger: We were in the field. The oxen were plowing, the donkeys were grazing nearby, 15 and out of nowhere, the Sabeans attacked. They stole your animals, all 1,000 oxen and donkeys, and as for your servants, they put their swords to us, and everyone is dead—every last one, except me. I am the only one who got away from the fields to tell you.

16 And while the words were still leaving the messenger’s mouth, another messenger arrived.

Second Messenger: Lightning has struck! The fire of God fell from the sky and burned the 7,000 sheep alive . . . alive! Shepherds, too—all of them burned; everyone is dead—every last one, except me. I am the only one who got away from the pastures to tell you.

17 And while the words were still leaving that messenger’s mouth, a third messenger arrived.

Third Messenger: Chaldeans! Three groups of them attacked us. They converged on the camels and stole your 3,000 animals, and as for your servants, they put their swords to us, and everyone is dead—every last one, except me. I am the only one who got away to tell you.

18 And while the words were still leaving that messenger’s mouth, yet a fourth messenger arrived.

Fourth Messenger: All of your children were gathered together today under the roof of your firstborn to celebrate—eating a feast and drinking wine— 19 and then a powerful wind rose up from the other side of the desert, and it struck all four corners of the house. It collapsed! Everyone is dead—all of those young people—every last one, except me. I am the only one who got away from your son’s house to tell you.

20 Then Job stood up, tore his robe, shaved his head, and fell to the ground. Face down, Job sprawled in the dirt to worship.

21 Job: I was naked, with nothing, when I came from my mother’s womb;
        and naked, with nothing, I will return to the earth.
    The Eternal has given, and He has taken away.
        May the name of the Eternal One be blessed.

22 In all of this Job neither sinned nor did he make foolish charges against God.

Now one day, it was time for the sons of God, God’s heavenly messengers, to present themselves to the Eternal One to give reports and receive instructions. The Accuser[b] was with them there again, also ready to present himself to Him.

Eternal One (to the Accuser): Where have you been?

The Accuser: Oh, roaming here and there, running about the earth and observing its inhabitants.

Eternal One: Well, have you looked into the man, Job, My servant? He is unlike any other person on the whole earth—a very good man—his character spotless, his integrity unquestioned. In fact, he so believes in Me that he seeks, in all things, to honor Me and deliberately avoids evil in all of his affairs. And I have found him to be unswervingly committed, despite the fact that you provoked Me to wreck him for no particular reason, to take away My protection and his prosperity.

The Accuser: Well, as they say, “Skin for skin!” It is easy to be so pious in the face of such health. Surely a man will give what he has for the sake of his own life, so now extend Your hand! Afflict him, both bone and body, and he will curse You, right to Your face.

Eternal One: Well then, this is how it will be: he is now in your hand. One thing, though: you will not take his life. Job must not be killed.

With that, the Accuser left the court and the Eternal’s presence, and he infected Job with a painful skin disease. From the soles of his feet to the crown of his head, his body was covered with boils. Job took a broken piece of pottery to scrape his wounds, and while he sat in the ashes just outside of town, his wife found him.

Job’s Wife: Will you still not swerve in your commitments? Curse God and die!

Job: 10 You’re speaking nonsense like some depraved woman. Are we to accept the good that comes from God, but not accept the bad?

Throughout all of this, Job did not sin with his mouth; he would not curse God as the Accuser predicted.

11 Now Job had three friends: Eliphaz from Teman, Bildad from Shuah, and Zophar from Naamath. When these three received word of the horror that had befallen Job, they left their homes, and agreed to meet together to mourn with and comfort their friend.

These friends are from different regions: Eliphaz comes from Edomite lands to the southeast, while Bildad and Zophar come from more eastern lands.

12 They approached the town ash-heap, but they were still far off when they caught sight of Job. His sores were so severe and his appearance so changed by his condition that they almost didn’t recognize him. Upon seeing him and apprehending the extent of his suffering, they cried out, burst into tears, tore their robes, reached down into the dust and ashes at their feet, and threw ash into the air and onto their heads. 13 Then, they sat with him on the ground and stayed there with him for seven days and seven nights, mourning as if he were already dead. All the while no one spoke a single word because they saw his profound agony and grief.

1-2 After all of this, Job opened his mouth and broke the silence. He spoke a curse, not upon God but upon his day of birth.

Job: May the day die on which I was born,
        along with the night that spoke the words, “a boy is conceived.”
    May that day of birth become darkness, and when it has disappeared,
        may God above neither seek it out nor light find a way to shine on it.
    Rather, let darkness and the shadow of death claim the day and its life-giving light.
        Let storm clouds roll over it and threatening blackness terrorize it.
    As to that night of my conception—
        may it be snatched by the thick darkness of death’s realm,
    Never to be released again for any year or any month—
        so my conception and life could never have happened.
    May that night prove infertile,
        and may no moan of pleasure be heard there.
    Bring out the enchanters, the diviners who cast their spells on the day—
        who can awaken that beast, Leviathan—
    And may the early-morning stars be extinguished.
        Let the day wait for a light that won’t ever come,
    And may it never see the eyelids of dawn crack open.
10     Because it neither closed the door of my mother’s womb
        nor covered my eyes to these sorrows.

Reflecting on his conception, Job wishes darkness and death could have prevailed over light and life on that day. The one place that represents such darkness and death is called sheol. Job and his contemporaries believe all people go to sheol when they die. The Bible describes it as the very opposite of the heavens, a land of no return that is dark, dusty, and silent. Certainly this is not the heaven or hell of the New Testament; it is neither a place of communion with God nor a place of torment. One’s comfort after death is not determined by where he goes, but by whom he is with. The people of the Old Testament hope to “leave this world to sleep with their ancestors.” Such a fate is the reward of following God’s path in life.

11 Job: Why did I not die at my birth,
        simply pass from the womb into death?
12     Why did my mother’s lap welcome me,
        and why did her breasts nourish me?
13     If I had died, then I would now be reposed in quiet;
        I would be sleeping in peace,
14     Resting with kings and their earthly ministers
        who rebuilt ruined cities to glorify themselves,
15     With princes who possessed gold,
        whose houses swelled with silver.
16     Why was I not buried in secret as a baby born still,
        as a newborn who never saw light?
17     In the sleep of death, the wicked can do no more damage;
        the weary ones at last find rest.
18     In death the captives are freed, together at ease,
        and the shouts of their oppressors die along with them.
19     In the grave, together are the small and great,
        and slaves from masters are emancipated.

20     Why is light awarded to those distressed,
        and life given to embittered souls
21     Who long for a death that can’t be found,
        though they mine the earth to find it
    More than hidden veins of riches—
22     Who would be overjoyed and glad
        when they find the grave?
23     Why is light wasted on the earthbound,
        who cannot find their way and whom God has surrounded?
24     For I groan before every meal;
        my moaning flows like water.
25     What I feared most descends on me;
        my nightmare—now reality.
26     I have no peace; I have no quiet;
        my resting, gone, has turned to riot.

Standing with Job and his other two friends in the trash heap, Eliphaz the Temanite tried to convince Job his suffering was temporary.

Eliphaz: Could you bear it if someone were to speak?
        Ah, but who can hold his tongue in such a situation?
    Look back, and think on the many you have taught;
        you have strengthened the weak hands of the suffering.
    Your words propped up the tottering;
        you have strengthened mourners’ wobbly knees.
    May my words help you in that way, now that trouble arrives and you despair.
        It extends its hand, crushes you, and you are overwhelmed.
    Isn’t your fear of God true confidence
        and your unswerving commitment genuine hope?

    Take pause; scan your memory:
        Who ever died among the innocent?
    And when have the righteous ever met with destruction?
    The way I see it, those who pull the pernicious plow,
    Who sow sorrow’s seeds, reap the same at harvest.
    By God’s breath, they meet destruction;
        when His anger explodes, they meet their end.
10     O the bluster of humanity!
        The lion roars! The king of beasts thunders!
    Still the young lions’ teeth are shattered.
11     The old lion dies for lack of prey,
        and the whole pride is scattered.

12     Now, listen: a secret word was delivered to me;
        my ears caught hold of a whisper.
13     In the anxiety of a nightmare—
        while deep sleep falls on humans—
14     Fear took me by my right arm, terror by my left,
        and they shook me, they did!—made my bones rattle.
15     Then a wind blew through, a divine breath skimming my face.
        Every hair on my body stood on end.
16     It came to a stop, but I couldn’t make it out—
        some form there before me, then a hushed voice breaking the silence:
17     “Can a mortal stand innocent before God?
        Can a man or even a hero be pure before his Creator?”
18     If God is unsure of His own servants,
        and in His holy attendants He finds fault,
19     How much more those whose bodies come from clay,
        whose skeletons are dust, are crushed like a moth.
20     From morning to evening, their bodies are broken to pieces,
        ground back into dirt, unseen, gone forever.
21     When the cords of their tents are pulled up,
        don’t they die, none the wiser?

Footnotes

  1. 1:6 Literally, the Satan
  2. 2:1 Literally, the Satan

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