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Esteban ante la Junta Suprema

El jefe de los sacerdotes le preguntó a Esteban:

—¿Es verdad todo eso que dicen de ti?

Y Esteban respondió:

—Amigos israelitas y líderes del país, escúchenme: Nuestro poderoso Dios se le apareció a nuestro antepasado Abraham en Mesopotamia, antes de que fuera a vivir en el pueblo de Harán, y le dijo: “Deja a tu pueblo y a tus familiares, y vete al lugar que te voy a mostrar.”

»Abraham salió del país de Caldea y se fue a vivir al pueblo de Harán. Tiempo después murió su padre, y Dios hizo que Abraham viniera a este lugar, donde ustedes viven ahora. Aunque Abraham vivió aquí, Dios nunca le permitió ser dueño ni del pedazo de tierra que tenía bajo sus pies. Sin embargo, le prometió a Abraham que le daría este territorio a sus descendientes después de que él muriera.

»Cuando Dios le hizo esa promesa, Abraham no tenía hijos. Dios le dijo: “Tus descendientes vivirán como extranjeros en otro país. Allí serán esclavos, y durante cuatrocientos años los tratarán muy mal. Pero yo castigaré a los habitantes de ese país, y tus descendientes saldrán libres y me adorarán en este lugar.”

»Con esta promesa, Dios hizo un pacto con Abraham. Le ordenó que, a partir de ese día, todos los hombres israelitas debían circuncidarse para indicar que Dios los aceptaba como parte de su pueblo. Por eso, cuando nació su hijo Isaac, Abraham esperó ocho días y lo circuncidó. De la misma manera, Isaac circuncidó a su hijo Jacob, y Jacob a sus doce hijos.

»José fue uno de los doce hijos de Jacob. Como sus hermanos le tenían envidia, lo vendieron como esclavo a unos comerciantes, que lo llevaron a Egipto. Sin embargo, Dios amaba a José, 10 así que lo ayudó en todos sus problemas; le dio sabiduría y lo hizo una persona muy agradable. Por eso el rey de Egipto lo tomó en cuenta, y lo nombró gobernador de todo Egipto y jefe de su palacio.

11 »Tiempo después, hubo pocas cosechas de trigo en toda la región de Egipto y de Canaán. Nuestros antepasados no tenían nada que comer, ni nada que comprar. 12 Pero Jacob se enteró de que en Egipto había bastante trigo, y envió a sus hijos para que compraran. Los hijos de Jacob fueron allá una primera vez. 13 Cuando fueron la segunda vez, José permitió que sus hermanos lo reconocieran. Así el rey de Egipto conoció más de cerca a la familia de José.

14 »Al final, José ordenó que vinieran a Egipto su padre Jacob y todos sus familiares. Eran en total setenta y cinco personas, 15 que vivieron en Egipto hasta que murieron. 16 Todos ellos fueron enterrados en Siquem, en la misma tumba que Abraham había comprado a los hijos de Hamor.

17 »Pasó el tiempo, y a Dios le pareció bien cumplir la promesa que le había hecho a Abraham. Mientras tanto, en Egipto, cada vez había más y más israelitas.

18 »En Egipto comenzó a gobernar un nuevo rey, que no había oído hablar de José. 19 Este rey fue muy malo con los israelitas y los engañó. Además, los obligó a abandonar a los niños recién nacidos, para que murieran.

20 »En ese tiempo nació Moisés. Era un niño muy hermoso, a quien sus padres cuidaron durante tres meses, sin que nadie se diera cuenta. 21 Luego tuvieron que abandonarlo, pero la hija del rey lo rescató y lo crió como si fuera su propio hijo. 22 Moisés recibió la mejor educación que se daba a los jóvenes egipcios, y llegó a ser un hombre muy importante por lo que decía y hacía.

23 »Cuando Moisés tenía cuarenta años, decidió ir a visitar a los israelitas, porque eran de su propia nación. 24 De pronto, vio que un egipcio maltrataba a un israelita. Sin pensarlo mucho, defendió al israelita y mató al egipcio.

25 »Moisés pensó que los israelitas entenderían que Dios los libraría de la esclavitud por medio de él. Pero ellos no pensaron lo mismo. 26 Al día siguiente, Moisés vio que dos israelitas se estaban peleando. Trató de calmarlos y les dijo: “Ustedes son de la misma nación. ¿Por qué se pelean?”

27 »Pero el que estaba maltratando al otro se dio vuelta, empujó a Moisés y le respondió: “¡Y a ti qué te importa! ¿Quién te ha dicho que tú eres nuestro jefe o nuestro juez? 28 ¿Acaso piensas matarme como al egipcio?”

29 »Al oír eso, Moisés huyó de Egipto tan pronto como pudo, y se fue a vivir a Madián. En ese país vivió como extranjero, y allí nacieron dos de sus hijos.

30 »Pasaron cuarenta años. Pero un día en que Moisés estaba en el desierto, cerca del monte Sinaí, un ángel se le apareció entre un arbusto que ardía en llamas. 31 Moisés tuvo mucho miedo, pero se acercó para ver mejor lo que pasaba. Entonces Dios, con voz muy fuerte le dijo: 32 “Yo soy el Dios de tus antepasados. Soy el Dios de Abraham, de Isaac y de Jacob.”

»Moisés empezó a temblar, y ya no se atrevió a mirar más. 33 Pero Dios le dijo: “Quítate las sandalias, porque estás en mi presencia. 34 Yo sé muy bien que mi pueblo Israel sufre mucho, porque los egipcios lo han esclavizado. También he escuchado sus gritos pidiéndome ayuda. Por eso he venido a librarlos del poder egipcio. Así que prepárate, pues voy a mandarte a Egipto.”

35 »Los israelitas rechazaron a Moisés, y le dijeron: “¿Quién te ha dicho que tú eres nuestro jefe o nuestro juez?” Pero Dios mismo lo convirtió en jefe y libertador de su pueblo. Esto lo hizo por medio del ángel que se le apareció a Moisés en el arbusto.

36 »Con milagros y señales maravillosas, Moisés sacó de Egipto a su pueblo. Lo llevó a través del Mar de los Juncos, y durante cuarenta años lo guió por el desierto. 37 Y fue Moisés mismo quien les anunció a los israelitas: “Dios elegirá a uno de nuestro pueblo, para que sea un profeta como yo.”

38 »Moisés estuvo con nuestros antepasados en el desierto, y les comunicó todos los mensajes que el ángel de Dios le dio en el monte Sinaí. Esos mensajes son palabras que dan vida.

39 »Pero los israelitas fueron rebeldes. No quisieron obedecer a Moisés y, en cambio, deseaban volver a Egipto.

40 »Un día, los israelitas le dijeron a Aarón, el hermano de Moisés: “Moisés nos sacó de Egipto, pero ahora no sabemos qué le sucedió. Es mejor que nos hagas un dios, para que sea nuestro guía y protector.”

41 »Hicieron entonces una estatua con forma de toro, y sacrificaron animales para adorarla. Luego hicieron una gran fiesta en honor de la estatua, y estaban muy orgullosos de lo que habían hecho. 42 Por eso Dios decidió olvidarse de ellos, pues se pusieron a adorar a las estrellas del cielo.

»En el libro del profeta Amós dice: “Pueblo de Israel, durante los cuarenta años que anduvieron por el desierto, ustedes nunca me presentaron ofrendas para adorarme. 43 En cambio, llevaron en sus hombros la tienda con el altar del dios Moloc y la imagen de la estrella del dios Refán. Ustedes se hicieron esos ídolos y los adoraron. Por eso, yo haré que a ustedes se los lleven lejos, más allá de Babilonia.”

44 »Allí, en el desierto, nuestros antepasados tenían el santuario del pacto, que Moisés construyó según el modelo que Dios le había mostrado. 45 El santuario pasó de padres a hijos, hasta el tiempo en que Josué llegó a ser el nuevo jefe de Israel. Entonces los israelitas llevaron consigo el santuario para ocupar el territorio que Dios estaba quitándoles a otros pueblos. Y el santuario estuvo allí hasta el tiempo del rey David.

46 »Como Dios quería mucho a David, éste le pidió permiso para construirle un templo donde el pueblo de Israel pudiera adorarlo. 47 Sin embargo, fue su hijo Salomón quien se lo construyó.

48 »Pero como el Dios todopoderoso no vive en lugares hechos por seres humanos, dijo por medio de un profeta:

49 “El cielo es mi trono;
sobre la tierra apoyo mis pies.
Nadie puede hacerme una casa
donde pueda descansar.
50 Yo hice todo lo que existe.”»

51 Antes de terminar su discurso, Esteban les dijo a los de la Junta Suprema:

—¡Ustedes son muy tercos! ¡No entienden el mensaje de Dios! Son igual que sus antepasados. Siempre han desobedecido al Espíritu Santo. 52 Ellos trataron mal a todos los profetas, y mataron a los que habían anunciado la venida de Jesús, el Mesías, al que ustedes traicionaron y mataron. 53 Por medio de los ángeles, todos ustedes recibieron la Ley de Dios, pero no la han obedecido.

Esteban muere apedreado

54 Al escuchar esto, los de la Junta Suprema se enfurecieron mucho contra Esteban. 55 Pero como Esteban tenía el poder del Espíritu Santo, miró al cielo y vio a Dios en todo su poder. Al lado derecho de Dios estaba Jesús, de pie. 56 Entonces Esteban dijo: «Veo el cielo abierto. Y veo también a Jesús, el Hijo del hombre, de pie en el lugar de honor.»

57 Los de la Junta Suprema se taparon los oídos y gritaron. Luego todos juntos atacaron a Esteban, 58 lo arrastraron fuera de la ciudad, y empezaron a apedrearlo. Los que lo habían acusado falsamente se quitaron sus mantos, y los dejaron a los pies de un joven llamado Saulo.[a]

59 Mientras le tiraban piedras, Esteban oraba así: «Señor Jesús, recíbeme en el cielo.» 60 Luego cayó de rodillas y gritó con todas sus fuerzas: «Señor, no los castigues por este pecado que cometen conmigo.»

Y con estas palabras en sus labios, murió.

Footnotes

  1. Hechos 7:58 Saulo: Este joven es el apóstol Pablo, quien antes era conocido con el nombre de Saulo.

Stephen’s Speech to the Sanhedrin

Then the high priest asked Stephen, “Are these charges true?”

To this he replied: “Brothers and fathers,(A) listen to me! The God of glory(B) appeared to our father Abraham while he was still in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Harran.(C) ‘Leave your country and your people,’ God said, ‘and go to the land I will show you.’[a](D)

“So he left the land of the Chaldeans and settled in Harran. After the death of his father, God sent him to this land where you are now living.(E) He gave him no inheritance here,(F) not even enough ground to set his foot on. But God promised him that he and his descendants after him would possess the land,(G) even though at that time Abraham had no child. God spoke to him in this way: ‘For four hundred years your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated.(H) But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves,’ God said, ‘and afterward they will come out of that country and worship me in this place.’[b](I) Then he gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision.(J) And Abraham became the father of Isaac and circumcised him eight days after his birth.(K) Later Isaac became the father of Jacob,(L) and Jacob became the father of the twelve patriarchs.(M)

“Because the patriarchs were jealous of Joseph,(N) they sold him as a slave into Egypt.(O) But God was with him(P) 10 and rescued him from all his troubles. He gave Joseph wisdom and enabled him to gain the goodwill of Pharaoh king of Egypt. So Pharaoh made him ruler over Egypt and all his palace.(Q)

11 “Then a famine struck all Egypt and Canaan, bringing great suffering, and our ancestors could not find food.(R) 12 When Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent our forefathers on their first visit.(S) 13 On their second visit, Joseph told his brothers who he was,(T) and Pharaoh learned about Joseph’s family.(U) 14 After this, Joseph sent for his father Jacob and his whole family,(V) seventy-five in all.(W) 15 Then Jacob went down to Egypt, where he and our ancestors died.(X) 16 Their bodies were brought back to Shechem and placed in the tomb that Abraham had bought from the sons of Hamor at Shechem for a certain sum of money.(Y)

17 “As the time drew near for God to fulfill his promise to Abraham, the number of our people in Egypt had greatly increased.(Z) 18 Then ‘a new king, to whom Joseph meant nothing, came to power in Egypt.’[c](AA) 19 He dealt treacherously with our people and oppressed our ancestors by forcing them to throw out their newborn babies so that they would die.(AB)

20 “At that time Moses was born, and he was no ordinary child.[d] For three months he was cared for by his family.(AC) 21 When he was placed outside, Pharaoh’s daughter took him and brought him up as her own son.(AD) 22 Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians(AE) and was powerful in speech and action.

23 “When Moses was forty years old, he decided to visit his own people, the Israelites. 24 He saw one of them being mistreated by an Egyptian, so he went to his defense and avenged him by killing the Egyptian. 25 Moses thought that his own people would realize that God was using him to rescue them, but they did not. 26 The next day Moses came upon two Israelites who were fighting. He tried to reconcile them by saying, ‘Men, you are brothers; why do you want to hurt each other?’

27 “But the man who was mistreating the other pushed Moses aside and said, ‘Who made you ruler and judge over us?(AF) 28 Are you thinking of killing me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?’[e] 29 When Moses heard this, he fled to Midian, where he settled as a foreigner and had two sons.(AG)

30 “After forty years had passed, an angel appeared to Moses in the flames of a burning bush in the desert near Mount Sinai. 31 When he saw this, he was amazed at the sight. As he went over to get a closer look, he heard the Lord say:(AH) 32 ‘I am the God of your fathers,(AI) the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.’[f] Moses trembled with fear and did not dare to look.(AJ)

33 “Then the Lord said to him, ‘Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.(AK) 34 I have indeed seen the oppression of my people in Egypt. I have heard their groaning and have come down to set them free. Now come, I will send you back to Egypt.’[g](AL)

35 “This is the same Moses they had rejected with the words, ‘Who made you ruler and judge?’(AM) He was sent to be their ruler and deliverer by God himself, through the angel who appeared to him in the bush. 36 He led them out of Egypt(AN) and performed wonders and signs(AO) in Egypt, at the Red Sea(AP) and for forty years in the wilderness.(AQ)

37 “This is the Moses who told the Israelites, ‘God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your own people.’[h](AR) 38 He was in the assembly in the wilderness, with the angel(AS) who spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our ancestors;(AT) and he received living words(AU) to pass on to us.(AV)

39 “But our ancestors refused to obey him. Instead, they rejected him and in their hearts turned back to Egypt.(AW) 40 They told Aaron, ‘Make us gods who will go before us. As for this fellow Moses who led us out of Egypt—we don’t know what has happened to him!’[i](AX) 41 That was the time they made an idol in the form of a calf. They brought sacrifices to it and reveled in what their own hands had made.(AY) 42 But God turned away from them(AZ) and gave them over to the worship of the sun, moon and stars.(BA) This agrees with what is written in the book of the prophets:

“‘Did you bring me sacrifices and offerings
    forty years in the wilderness, people of Israel?
43 You have taken up the tabernacle of Molek
    and the star of your god Rephan,
    the idols you made to worship.
Therefore I will send you into exile’[j](BB) beyond Babylon.

44 “Our ancestors had the tabernacle of the covenant law(BC) with them in the wilderness. It had been made as God directed Moses, according to the pattern he had seen.(BD) 45 After receiving the tabernacle, our ancestors under Joshua brought it with them when they took the land from the nations God drove out before them.(BE) It remained in the land until the time of David,(BF) 46 who enjoyed God’s favor and asked that he might provide a dwelling place for the God of Jacob.[k](BG) 47 But it was Solomon who built a house for him.(BH)

48 “However, the Most High(BI) does not live in houses made by human hands.(BJ) As the prophet says:

49 “‘Heaven is my throne,
    and the earth is my footstool.(BK)
What kind of house will you build for me?
says the Lord.
    Or where will my resting place be?
50 Has not my hand made all these things?’[l](BL)

51 “You stiff-necked people!(BM) Your hearts(BN) and ears are still uncircumcised. You are just like your ancestors: You always resist the Holy Spirit! 52 Was there ever a prophet your ancestors did not persecute?(BO) They even killed those who predicted the coming of the Righteous One. And now you have betrayed and murdered him(BP) 53 you who have received the law that was given through angels(BQ) but have not obeyed it.”

The Stoning of Stephen

54 When the members of the Sanhedrin heard this, they were furious(BR) and gnashed their teeth at him. 55 But Stephen, full of the Holy Spirit,(BS) looked up to heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God.(BT) 56 “Look,” he said, “I see heaven open(BU) and the Son of Man(BV) standing at the right hand of God.”

57 At this they covered their ears and, yelling at the top of their voices, they all rushed at him, 58 dragged him out of the city(BW) and began to stone him.(BX) Meanwhile, the witnesses(BY) laid their coats(BZ) at the feet of a young man named Saul.(CA)

59 While they were stoning him, Stephen prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.”(CB) 60 Then he fell on his knees(CC) and cried out, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.”(CD) When he had said this, he fell asleep.(CE)

Footnotes

  1. Acts 7:3 Gen. 12:1
  2. Acts 7:7 Gen. 15:13,14
  3. Acts 7:18 Exodus 1:8
  4. Acts 7:20 Or was fair in the sight of God
  5. Acts 7:28 Exodus 2:14
  6. Acts 7:32 Exodus 3:6
  7. Acts 7:34 Exodus 3:5,7,8,10
  8. Acts 7:37 Deut. 18:15
  9. Acts 7:40 Exodus 32:1
  10. Acts 7:43 Amos 5:25-27 (see Septuagint)
  11. Acts 7:46 Some early manuscripts the house of Jacob
  12. Acts 7:50 Isaiah 66:1,2

Then said the high priest, Are these things so?

And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran,

And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee.

Then came he out of the land of the Chaldaeans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell.

And he gave him none inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on: yet he promised that he would give it to him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when as yet he had no child.

And God spake on this wise, That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years.

And the nation to whom they shall be in bondage will I judge, said God: and after that shall they come forth, and serve me in this place.

And he gave him the covenant of circumcision: and so Abraham begat Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat the twelve patriarchs.

And the patriarchs, moved with envy, sold Joseph into Egypt: but God was with him,

10 And delivered him out of all his afflictions, and gave him favour and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt; and he made him governor over Egypt and all his house.

11 Now there came a dearth over all the land of Egypt and Chanaan, and great affliction: and our fathers found no sustenance.

12 But when Jacob heard that there was corn in Egypt, he sent out our fathers first.

13 And at the second time Joseph was made known to his brethren; and Joseph's kindred was made known unto Pharaoh.

14 Then sent Joseph, and called his father Jacob to him, and all his kindred, threescore and fifteen souls.

15 So Jacob went down into Egypt, and died, he, and our fathers,

16 And were carried over into Sychem, and laid in the sepulchre that Abraham bought for a sum of money of the sons of Emmor the father of Sychem.

17 But when the time of the promise drew nigh, which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,

18 Till another king arose, which knew not Joseph.

19 The same dealt subtilly with our kindred, and evil entreated our fathers, so that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.

20 In which time Moses was born, and was exceeding fair, and nourished up in his father's house three months:

21 And when he was cast out, Pharaoh's daughter took him up, and nourished him for her own son.

22 And Moses was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in words and in deeds.

23 And when he was full forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel.

24 And seeing one of them suffer wrong, he defended him, and avenged him that was oppressed, and smote the Egyptian:

25 For he supposed his brethren would have understood how that God by his hand would deliver them: but they understood not.

26 And the next day he shewed himself unto them as they strove, and would have set them at one again, saying, Sirs, ye are brethren; why do ye wrong one to another?

27 But he that did his neighbour wrong thrust him away, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge over us?

28 Wilt thou kill me, as thou diddest the Egyptian yesterday?

29 Then fled Moses at this saying, and was a stranger in the land of Madian, where he begat two sons.

30 And when forty years were expired, there appeared to him in the wilderness of mount Sina an angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bush.

31 When Moses saw it, he wondered at the sight: and as he drew near to behold it, the voice of the Lord came unto him,

32 Saying, I am the God of thy fathers, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. Then Moses trembled, and durst not behold.

33 Then said the Lord to him, Put off thy shoes from thy feet: for the place where thou standest is holy ground.

34 I have seen, I have seen the affliction of my people which is in Egypt, and I have heard their groaning, and am come down to deliver them. And now come, I will send thee into Egypt.

35 This Moses whom they refused, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge? the same did God send to be a ruler and a deliverer by the hand of the angel which appeared to him in the bush.

36 He brought them out, after that he had shewed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, and in the Red sea, and in the wilderness forty years.

37 This is that Moses, which said unto the children of Israel, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him shall ye hear.

38 This is he, that was in the church in the wilderness with the angel which spake to him in the mount Sina, and with our fathers: who received the lively oracles to give unto us:

39 To whom our fathers would not obey, but thrust him from them, and in their hearts turned back again into Egypt,

40 Saying unto Aaron, Make us gods to go before us: for as for this Moses, which brought us out of the land of Egypt, we wot not what is become of him.

41 And they made a calf in those days, and offered sacrifice unto the idol, and rejoiced in the works of their own hands.

42 Then God turned, and gave them up to worship the host of heaven; as it is written in the book of the prophets, O ye house of Israel, have ye offered to me slain beasts and sacrifices by the space of forty years in the wilderness?

43 Yea, ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond Babylon.

44 Our fathers had the tabernacle of witness in the wilderness, as he had appointed, speaking unto Moses, that he should make it according to the fashion that he had seen.

45 Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David;

46 Who found favour before God, and desired to find a tabernacle for the God of Jacob.

47 But Solomon built him an house.

48 Howbeit the most High dwelleth not in temples made with hands; as saith the prophet,

49 Heaven is my throne, and earth is my footstool: what house will ye build me? saith the Lord: or what is the place of my rest?

50 Hath not my hand made all these things?

51 Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye.

52 Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted? and they have slain them which shewed before of the coming of the Just One; of whom ye have been now the betrayers and murderers:

53 Who have received the law by the disposition of angels, and have not kept it.

54 When they heard these things, they were cut to the heart, and they gnashed on him with their teeth.

55 But he, being full of the Holy Ghost, looked up stedfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God,

56 And said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing on the right hand of God.

57 Then they cried out with a loud voice, and stopped their ears, and ran upon him with one accord,

58 And cast him out of the city, and stoned him: and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man's feet, whose name was Saul.

59 And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, and saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.

60 And he kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge. And when he had said this, he fell asleep.