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70 års fangenskab

25 Det følgende budskab om Judas folk gav Herren mig i kong Jojakims, Josias’ søns, fjerde regeringsår, det år, hvor Nebukadnezar blev konge over Babylonien.

2-3 Først sagde jeg til Jerusalems indbyggere og hele Judas folk: „I 23 år, fra kong Josias af Judas 13. regeringsår og indtil nu, har Herren givet mig mange budskaber. Jeg har trofast forkyndt jer hans ord, men I har nægtet at adlyde ham. Gang på gang har Herren sendt sine profeter til jer, men I har vendt det døve øre til. Hver gang sagde Herren: Vend om fra jeres onde tanker og handlinger, så skal I få lov til at blive i det land, Herren gav jer, for at I altid skulle bo der. Gør mig ikke vred ved at dyrke de afguder, I selv fremstiller. Men hvis I adlyder mig, vil det gå jer godt.”

Dernæst bragte jeg dem et nyt budskab fra Herren: „I har ikke villet adlyde mig og er blevet ved med at provokere mig med jeres afgudsdyrkelse. Derfor kan I takke jer selv for den straf, I får. Jeg er Herren, den Almægtige, og fordi I ikke ville høre på mig, vil jeg nu samle alle hærene fra nord under kong Nebukadnezar, som jeg har udvalgt til at være mit redskab. Han vil føre krig mod dette land og dets befolkning og de øvrige nationer omkring jer. Jeg vil slå hårdt ned på jer og lægge landet i ruiner i lang tid,[a] så I bliver til hån og spot. 10 Jeg vil sørge for, at glæden forsvinder fra landet, at alle bryllupsfester ophører, at kværnen standser og husene ligger hen i mørke. 11 Hele landet kommer til at ligge brak som en ødemark, og Israel og nabofolkene skal være under babylonisk herredømme i 70 år.

12 Når de 70 år er gået, vil jeg straffe Babyloniens konge og hans folk for deres synd, så deres land bliver til ørken, 13 og jeg vil bringe alle de rædsler over babylonierne, som jeg har truet med i denne bog. Jeg vil udføre den straf, som Jeremias har forkyndt over nationerne. 14 Mange nationer og store konger vil besejre dem og gøre dem til slaver, sådan som de selv gjorde Israels folk til slaver. Jeg vil gengælde dem alt det onde, de har gjort imod mit folk.”

Guds vredes bæger

15 Derefter talte Herren, Israels Gud, til mig i et syn: „Her, tag dette bæger! Det er fyldt til randen med min vredes vin. Alle de nationer, jeg sender dig til, skal drikke af bægeret. 16 Når de har drukket, vil de blive øre af skræk over de krigsrædsler, jeg sender over dem.”

17 Så tog jeg bægeret med Herrens vrede, og alle de folkeslag, Herren sendte mig til, tvang jeg til at drikke af hans vredes bæger. 18 Jeg begyndte med Jerusalem og de omliggende byer i Juda, hvis konger og ledere drak af Guds vredes vin. Det hele skal lægges i ruiner til skræk og advarsel for resten af verden. 19-20 Så kom jeg til Egypten, til Farao og hans hof, til hans embedsmænd, hele det egyptiske folk og alle de fremmede, som bor i landet. Også de drak af Herrens forfærdelige bæger. Så kom turen til kongerne i landet Utz og til kongerne i filisterbyerne Ashkalon, Gaza, Ekron og den tilbageværende rest af Ashdods indbyggere. 21 Derefter kom jeg til Edom, Moab og Ammon, 22 alle kongerne i Tyrus, Sidon og rundt omkring på Middelhavskysten. 23 Så kom jeg til byerne Dedan, Tema og Buz, 24 alle de arabiske konger og nomadestammer i ørkenen, 25 alle Zimris, Elams og Mediens konger. 26 Selv konger i fjerne riger mod nord måtte en efter en stå for tur, alle verdens nationer, også Babyloniens konge måtte drikke af Herrens vredes bæger.

27 Så sagde Herren til mig: „Sig til dem: Hør hvad Herren, den Almægtige, Israels Gud siger: ‚Drik af mit vredes bæger, til I er fulde og brækker jer og ikke kan rejse jer igen, for I skal opleve frygtelige krige.’ 28 Hvis de nægter at drikke af bægeret, skal du sige til dem: ‚Herren, den Almægtige, befaler jer at drikke! Der er ingen vej udenom! 29 Jeg begyndte med at straffe min egen, udvalgte by. Skulle jeg så lade jer gå fri? Nej, I kan ikke undslippe straffen. Jeg erklærer krig mod samtlige jordens nationer.’

30 Jeremias, du skal profetere imod dem og sige: ‚Herren tordner imod sit eget folk fra sin hellige bolig i Himlen. Og imod resten af jordens befolkning råber han som arbejderne, der tramper druer i vinpersen. 31 Krigsråbet når ud til jordens fjerneste afkroge. Han dømmer menneskeheden og alle verdens nationer, han fælder alle onde på jorden med sit sværd. 32 Se, siger Herren, den Almægtige, straffen skal brede sig fra folk til folk som en voldsom orkan, der kommer fra jordens ender. 33 Den dag vil ligene af de døde ligge henslængt i hele verden. De vil ligge som affald på jorden, uden at nogen sørger over dem eller begraver dem.’ ”

34 Klag og græd, I onde ledere! Rul jer i støvet, I folkenes herskere! Timen er kommet, da I skal knuses og spredes som potteskår ud over jorden. 35 I får ingen mulighed for at undslippe, det er ude med jer!

36 Hør fyrsternes og magthavernes desperate skrig. Herren har raseret deres lande. 37 Fredelige landskaber bliver til ørken på grund af Herrens voldsomme vrede. 38 Han er kommet frem fra sit skjul som en løve på jagt for at ødelægge dem og deres land med sit frygtelige sværd og sin voldsomme vrede.

Footnotes

  1. 25,9 Ordret „for evigt”, men det hebraiske ord betyder blot en uafgrænset tidsperiode.

Seventy Years of Captivity

25 The word came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah in the fourth year of Jehoiakim(A) son of Josiah king of Judah, which was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar(B) king of Babylon. So Jeremiah the prophet said to all the people of Judah(C) and to all those living in Jerusalem: For twenty-three years—from the thirteenth year of Josiah(D) son of Amon king of Judah until this very day—the word of the Lord has come to me and I have spoken to you again and again,(E) but you have not listened.(F)

And though the Lord has sent all his servants the prophets(G) to you again and again, you have not listened or paid any attention.(H) They said, “Turn(I) now, each of you, from your evil ways and your evil practices, and you can stay in the land(J) the Lord gave to you and your ancestors for ever and ever. Do not follow other gods(K) to serve and worship them; do not arouse my anger with what your hands have made. Then I will not harm you.”

“But you did not listen to me,” declares the Lord, “and you have aroused(L) my anger with what your hands have made,(M) and you have brought harm(N) to yourselves.”

Therefore the Lord Almighty says this: “Because you have not listened to my words, I will summon(O) all the peoples of the north(P) and my servant(Q) Nebuchadnezzar(R) king of Babylon,” declares the Lord, “and I will bring them against this land and its inhabitants and against all the surrounding nations. I will completely destroy[a](S) them and make them an object of horror and scorn,(T) and an everlasting ruin.(U) 10 I will banish from them the sounds(V) of joy and gladness, the voices of bride and bridegroom,(W) the sound of millstones(X) and the light of the lamp.(Y) 11 This whole country will become a desolate wasteland,(Z) and these nations will serve(AA) the king of Babylon seventy years.(AB)

12 “But when the seventy years(AC) are fulfilled, I will punish the king of Babylon(AD) and his nation, the land of the Babylonians,[b] for their guilt,” declares the Lord, “and will make it desolate(AE) forever. 13 I will bring on that land all the things I have spoken against it, all that are written(AF) in this book and prophesied by Jeremiah against all the nations. 14 They themselves will be enslaved(AG) by many nations(AH) and great kings; I will repay(AI) them according to their deeds and the work of their hands.”

The Cup of God’s Wrath

15 This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, said to me: “Take from my hand this cup(AJ) filled with the wine of my wrath and make all the nations to whom I send(AK) you drink it. 16 When they drink(AL) it, they will stagger(AM) and go mad(AN) because of the sword(AO) I will send among them.”

17 So I took the cup from the Lord’s hand and made all the nations to whom he sent(AP) me drink it: 18 Jerusalem(AQ) and the towns of Judah, its kings and officials, to make them a ruin(AR) and an object of horror and scorn,(AS) a curse[c](AT)—as they are today;(AU) 19 Pharaoh king(AV) of Egypt,(AW) his attendants, his officials and all his people, 20 and all the foreign people there; all the kings of Uz;(AX) all the kings of the Philistines(AY) (those of Ashkelon,(AZ) Gaza,(BA) Ekron, and the people left at Ashdod); 21 Edom,(BB) Moab(BC) and Ammon;(BD) 22 all the kings of Tyre(BE) and Sidon;(BF) the kings of the coastlands(BG) across the sea; 23 Dedan,(BH) Tema,(BI) Buz(BJ) and all who are in distant places[d];(BK) 24 all the kings of Arabia(BL) and all the kings of the foreign people(BM) who live in the wilderness; 25 all the kings of Zimri,(BN) Elam(BO) and Media;(BP) 26 and all the kings of the north,(BQ) near and far, one after the other—all the kingdoms(BR) on the face of the earth. And after all of them, the king of Sheshak[e](BS) will drink it too.

27 “Then tell them, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: Drink, get drunk(BT) and vomit, and fall to rise no more because of the sword(BU) I will send among you.’ 28 But if they refuse to take the cup from your hand and drink(BV), tell them, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty says: You must drink it! 29 See, I am beginning to bring disaster(BW) on the city that bears my Name,(BX) and will you indeed go unpunished?(BY) You will not go unpunished, for I am calling down a sword(BZ) on all(CA) who live on the earth,(CB) declares the Lord Almighty.’

30 “Now prophesy all these words against them and say to them:

“‘The Lord will roar(CC) from on high;
    he will thunder(CD) from his holy dwelling(CE)
    and roar mightily against his land.
He will shout like those who tread(CF) the grapes,
    shout against all who live on the earth.
31 The tumult(CG) will resound to the ends of the earth,
    for the Lord will bring charges(CH) against the nations;
he will bring judgment(CI) on all(CJ) mankind
    and put the wicked to the sword,(CK)’”
declares the Lord.

32 This is what the Lord Almighty says:

“Look! Disaster(CL) is spreading
    from nation to nation;(CM)
a mighty storm(CN) is rising
    from the ends of the earth.”(CO)

33 At that time those slain(CP) by the Lord will be everywhere—from one end of the earth to the other. They will not be mourned or gathered(CQ) up or buried,(CR) but will be like dung lying on the ground.

34 Weep and wail, you shepherds;(CS)
    roll(CT) in the dust, you leaders of the flock.
For your time to be slaughtered(CU) has come;
    you will fall like the best of the rams.[f](CV)
35 The shepherds will have nowhere to flee,
    the leaders of the flock no place to escape.(CW)
36 Hear the cry(CX) of the shepherds,(CY)
    the wailing of the leaders of the flock,
    for the Lord is destroying their pasture.
37 The peaceful meadows will be laid waste
    because of the fierce anger of the Lord.
38 Like a lion(CZ) he will leave his lair,
    and their land will become desolate(DA)
because of the sword[g] of the oppressor(DB)
    and because of the Lord’s fierce anger.(DC)

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 25:9 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
  2. Jeremiah 25:12 Or Chaldeans
  3. Jeremiah 25:18 That is, their names to be used in cursing (see 29:22); or, to be seen by others as cursed
  4. Jeremiah 25:23 Or who clip the hair by their foreheads
  5. Jeremiah 25:26 Sheshak is a cryptogram for Babylon.
  6. Jeremiah 25:34 Septuagint; Hebrew fall and be shattered like fine pottery
  7. Jeremiah 25:38 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint (see also 46:16 and 50:16); most Hebrew manuscripts anger

25 This is the word that came to Yirmeyahu concerning all the people of Y’hudah in the fourth year of Y’hoyakim the son of Yoshiyahu, king of Y’hudah; this was also the first year of N’vukhadretzar king of Bavel. Yirmeyahu the prophet proclaimed it before all the people of Y’hudah and all the inhabitants of Yerushalayim: “For twenty-three years, since the thirteenth year of Yoshiyahu the son of Amon, king of Y’hudah, until today, the word of Adonai has come to me; and I have proclaimed it to you on numerous occasions; but you haven’t listened. Moreover, Adonai sent you all his servants the prophets — again, on numerous occasions — but you didn’t listen or pay attention. The message was always: ‘Every one of you, turn back from his evil way, from the evil of your actions. Then you will live in the land Adonai gave you and your ancestors forever and ever. Don’t follow other gods by serving and worshipping them. “Don’t provoke my anger with things your own hands have made; then I will do you no harm. But you wouldn’t listen to me,” says Adonai, “so that you could provoke me with the products of your hands, to your own harm.”

“Therefore, here is what Adonai-Tzva’ot says: ‘Because you haven’t paid attention to what I’ve been saying, I’m going to send for all the families of the north,’ says Adonai, ‘and for my servant N’vukhadretzar the king of Bavel, and bring them against this land, against its inhabitants and against all the surrounding nations. I will completely destroy them, making them an object of horror and ridicule, a perpetual ruin. 10 Moreover, I will silence among them the sounds of joy and gladness, the voices of bridegroom and bride, the grinding of millstones and the light of lamps. 11 This entire land will become a ruin, a waste; and these nations will serve the king of Bavel for seventy years. 12 But when the seventy years are over, I will punish the king of Bavel and that nation for their sin,’ says Adonai, ‘and I will turn the land of the Kasdim into everlasting ruins. 13 I will inflict on that land all my words that I have decreed against it, everything written in this book, in which Yirmeyahu has prophesied against all the nations. 14 For they too will become slaves to many nations and to powerful kings; I will pay them back according to their deeds and the work of their own hands.’

15 “For here is what Adonai the God of Isra’el says to me: ‘Take this cup of the wine of fury from my hand, and make all the nations where I am sending you drink it. 16 They will drink, stagger to and fro and behave like crazy people because of the sword that I will send among them.’”

17 Then I took the cup from Adonai’s hand and made all the nations drink, where Adonai had sent me — 18 Yerushalayim and the cities of Y’hudah, along with their kings and leaders, to make them a ruin and an object of horror, ridicule and cursing, as it is today; 19 Pharaoh king of Egypt, with his servants and leaders and all his people, both native 20 and foreign; all the kings of the land of ‘Utz; all the kings of the land of the P’lishtim, Ashkelon, ‘Azah, ‘Ekron and those remaining in Ashdod; 21 Edom, Mo’av, and the people of ‘Amon; 22 all the kings of Tzor, of Tzidon and of the coastlands across the sea; 23 D’dan, Teima, Buz and all who cut the corners of their beards; 24 all the kings of Arabia and of the mixed peoples living in the desert; 25 all the kings of Zimri, of ‘Eilam and of the Medes; 26 and all the kings of the north, far and near, one after another — indeed, all the kingdoms of the world that there are on the surface of the earth. And the king of Sheshakh will drink last of all.

27 “You are to say to them, ‘Here is what Adonai-Tzva’ot, the God of Isra’el, says: Drink until you’re so drunk that you throw up, fall down, and never get up again, because of the sword I am sending among you!’ 28 If they refuse to take the cup from your hand and drink it, then say to them, ‘Here is what Adonai-Tzva’ot says: You must drink! 29 For, look! — if I am bringing disaster on the city that bears my own name, do you expect to go unpunished? Yes, I will summon a sword for all the inhabitants of the earth,’ says Adonai.

30 “As for you, [Yirmeyahu,] prophesy all these words against them; say to them,

Adonai is roaring from on high,
raising his voice from his holy dwelling,
roaring with might against his own habitation,
shouting out loud, like those who tread grapes,
against everyone living on earth.
31 The sound resounds to the ends of the earth,
for Adonai is indicting the nations,
about to pass judgment on all humankind;
the wicked he has handed over to the sword,’

says Adonai.” 32 Thus says Adonai-Tzva’ot:

“Disaster is spreading from nation to nation,
a mighty tempest is being unleashed
from the farthest ends of the earth.”

33 On that day, those killed by Adonai will be strewn
from one end of the earth to the other;
they will not be mourned or gathered or buried,
but will lie on the ground like dung.

34 “Wail, shepherds! Cry!
Wallow in the dust, you lords of the flock!
For the days for your slaughter have come.
I will break you in pieces,
and like a prized vase you will fall.”
35 The shepherds have no way to flee,
the lords of the flock no way to escape.
36 Hear the cry of the shepherds,
the wails of the lords of the flock!
For Adonai is destroying their pasture,
37 the peaceful grazing grounds are silenced,
because of Adonai’s fierce anger.
38 Like a lion, he has abandoned his lair;
for their land has become desolate
because of the oppressor’s fierce sword
and because of Adonai’s fierce anger.