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I settant’anni di deportazione

25 (A)Ecco la parola che fu rivolta a Geremia riguardo a tutto il popolo di Giuda, nel quarto anno di Ioiachim, figlio di Giosia, re di Giuda (era il primo anno di Nabucodonosor, re di Babilonia), e che Geremia pronunciò davanti a tutto il popolo di Giuda e a tutti gli abitanti di Gerusalemme:

«Dal tredicesimo anno di Giosia, figlio di Amon, re di Giuda, sino a oggi, sono già ventitré anni che la parola del Signore mi è stata rivolta e che io vi ho parlato di continuo, fin dal mattino, ma voi non avete dato ascolto. Il Signore vi ha pure mandato tutti i suoi servitori, i profeti; ve li ha mandati continuamente, fin dal mattino, ma voi non avete ubbidito, né avete prestato l’orecchio per ascoltare. Essi hanno detto: “Si converta ciascuno di voi dalla sua cattiva via e dalla malvagità delle sue azioni, e voi abiterete di secolo in secolo sul suolo che il Signore ha dato a voi e ai vostri padri; non andate dietro ad altri dèi per servirli e per prostrarvi davanti a loro; non mi provocate con l’opera delle vostre mani, e io non vi farò nessun male”. “Ma voi non mi avete dato ascolto”, dice il Signore, “per provocarmi, a vostro danno, con l’opera delle vostre mani”. Perciò così dice il Signore degli eserciti: “Poiché non avete dato ascolto alle mie parole, ecco, io manderò a prendere tutte le nazioni del settentrione”, dice il Signore, “e manderò a chiamare Nabucodonosor re di Babilonia, mio servitore, e le farò venire contro questo paese, contro i suoi abitanti e contro tutte le nazioni circostanti; li voterò allo sterminio e li abbandonerò alla desolazione, alla derisione, a una solitudine perenne. 10 Farò cessare in mezzo a loro il grido di gioia e il grido d’esultanza, il canto dello sposo e il canto della sposa, il rumore della macina e la luce della lampada. 11 Tutto questo paese sarà ridotto in una solitudine e in una desolazione, e queste nazioni serviranno il re di Babilonia per settant’anni.

12 Ma quando saranno compiuti i settant’anni, io punirò il re di Babilonia e quella nazione”, dice il Signore, “a causa della loro iniquità; punirò il paese dei Caldei e lo ridurrò in una desolazione perenne. 13 Farò venire su quel paese tutte le cose che ho annunciato contro di lui, tutto ciò che è scritto in questo libro, ciò che Geremia ha profetizzato contro tutte le nazioni. 14 Infatti, nazioni numerose e re potenti ridurranno in schiavitù i Caldei stessi; e io li retribuirò secondo le loro azioni, secondo l’opera delle loro mani”.

Castigo di tutte le nazioni

15 (B)«Infatti così mi ha parlato il Signore, Dio d’Israele: “Prendi dalla mia mano questa coppa del vino della mia ira e danne da bere a tutte le nazioni a cui ti manderò.

16 Esse berranno, barcolleranno, saranno come pazze, a causa della spada che io manderò in mezzo a loro”.

17 Io presi la coppa dalla mano del Signore e ne diedi da bere a tutte le nazioni a cui il Signore mi mandava:

18 a Gerusalemme e alle città di Giuda, ai suoi re e ai suoi prìncipi, per abbandonarli alla rovina, alla desolazione, alla derisione, alla maledizione, come oggi si vede;

19 al faraone, re d’Egitto, ai suoi servitori, ai suoi prìncipi, a tutto il suo popolo;

20 a tutta la mescolanza di popoli, a tutti i re del paese di Uz, a tutti i re del paese dei Filistei, ad Ascalon, a Gaza, a Ecron e al residuo di Asdod;

21 a Edom, a Moab e ai figli di Ammon;

22 a tutti i re di Tiro, a tutti i re di Sidone e ai re delle isole d’oltremare;

23 a Dedan, a Tema, a Buz e a tutti quelli che si radono le tempie;

24 a tutti i re d’Arabia e a tutti i re della mescolanza di popoli che abita nel deserto;

25 a tutti i re di Zimri, a tutti i re di Elam, a tutti i re di Media

26 e a tutti i re del settentrione, vicini e lontani, agli uni e agli altri e a tutti i regni del mondo che sono sulla faccia della terra. Il re di Sesac[a] ne berrà dopo di loro.

27 “Tu dirai loro: Così parla il Signore degli eserciti, Dio d’Israele: ‘Bevete, ubriacatevi, vomitate, cadete senza rialzarvi più, davanti alla spada che io mando in mezzo a voi’.

28 Se rifiutano di prendere dalla tua mano la coppa per bere, di’ loro: Così dice il Signore degli eserciti: ‘Voi berrete in ogni modo!’

29 Poiché, ecco, io comincio a punire la città sulla quale è invocato il mio nome, e voi rimarreste del tutto impuniti? Voi non rimarrete impuniti; poiché io chiamerò la spada su tutti gli abitanti della terra”, dice il Signore degli eserciti.

30 “Tu profetizza loro tutte queste cose e di’ loro: ‘Il Signore rugge dall’alto, tuona la sua voce dalla sua santa abitazione; egli rugge con potenza contro il suo territorio. Un grido, come quello dei pestatori d’uva, arriva a tutti gli abitanti della terra.

31 Il rumore giunge fino alle estremità della terra, poiché il Signore ha una lite con le nazioni, egli entra in giudizio contro ogni carne; gli empi li dà in balìa della spada’, dice il Signore.

32 (C)«“Così parla il Signore degli eserciti: ‘Ecco, una calamità passa di nazione in nazione, e un gran turbine si alza dalle estremità della terra.

33 In quel giorno gli uccisi dal Signore copriranno la terra dall’una all’altra estremità di essa, non saranno rimpianti, né raccolti, né seppelliti; serviranno di letame sulla faccia della terra’.

34 Urlate, pastori, gridate; rotolatevi nella polvere, voi, guide del gregge! Poiché è giunto il tempo in cui dovete essere scannati; io vi frantumerò e cadrete come un vaso prezioso.

35 Ai pastori mancherà ogni rifugio, le guide del gregge non avranno via di scampo.

36 Si ode il grido dei pastori, l’urlo delle guide del gregge, poiché il Signore devasta il loro pascolo;

37 gli ovili di pace sono ridotti al silenzio, a causa dell’ardente ira del Signore.

38 Fuggono come un leoncello che abbandona la sua tana, perché il loro paese è diventato una desolazione, a causa del furore della spada crudele, a causa dell’ardente ira del Signore”».

Footnotes

  1. Geremia 25:26 Sesac, cioè la città di Babilonia.

Seventy Years of Captivity

25 The word came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah in the fourth year of Jehoiakim(A) son of Josiah king of Judah, which was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar(B) king of Babylon. So Jeremiah the prophet said to all the people of Judah(C) and to all those living in Jerusalem: For twenty-three years—from the thirteenth year of Josiah(D) son of Amon king of Judah until this very day—the word of the Lord has come to me and I have spoken to you again and again,(E) but you have not listened.(F)

And though the Lord has sent all his servants the prophets(G) to you again and again, you have not listened or paid any attention.(H) They said, “Turn(I) now, each of you, from your evil ways and your evil practices, and you can stay in the land(J) the Lord gave to you and your ancestors for ever and ever. Do not follow other gods(K) to serve and worship them; do not arouse my anger with what your hands have made. Then I will not harm you.”

“But you did not listen to me,” declares the Lord, “and you have aroused(L) my anger with what your hands have made,(M) and you have brought harm(N) to yourselves.”

Therefore the Lord Almighty says this: “Because you have not listened to my words, I will summon(O) all the peoples of the north(P) and my servant(Q) Nebuchadnezzar(R) king of Babylon,” declares the Lord, “and I will bring them against this land and its inhabitants and against all the surrounding nations. I will completely destroy[a](S) them and make them an object of horror and scorn,(T) and an everlasting ruin.(U) 10 I will banish from them the sounds(V) of joy and gladness, the voices of bride and bridegroom,(W) the sound of millstones(X) and the light of the lamp.(Y) 11 This whole country will become a desolate wasteland,(Z) and these nations will serve(AA) the king of Babylon seventy years.(AB)

12 “But when the seventy years(AC) are fulfilled, I will punish the king of Babylon(AD) and his nation, the land of the Babylonians,[b] for their guilt,” declares the Lord, “and will make it desolate(AE) forever. 13 I will bring on that land all the things I have spoken against it, all that are written(AF) in this book and prophesied by Jeremiah against all the nations. 14 They themselves will be enslaved(AG) by many nations(AH) and great kings; I will repay(AI) them according to their deeds and the work of their hands.”

The Cup of God’s Wrath

15 This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, said to me: “Take from my hand this cup(AJ) filled with the wine of my wrath and make all the nations to whom I send(AK) you drink it. 16 When they drink(AL) it, they will stagger(AM) and go mad(AN) because of the sword(AO) I will send among them.”

17 So I took the cup from the Lord’s hand and made all the nations to whom he sent(AP) me drink it: 18 Jerusalem(AQ) and the towns of Judah, its kings and officials, to make them a ruin(AR) and an object of horror and scorn,(AS) a curse[c](AT)—as they are today;(AU) 19 Pharaoh king(AV) of Egypt,(AW) his attendants, his officials and all his people, 20 and all the foreign people there; all the kings of Uz;(AX) all the kings of the Philistines(AY) (those of Ashkelon,(AZ) Gaza,(BA) Ekron, and the people left at Ashdod); 21 Edom,(BB) Moab(BC) and Ammon;(BD) 22 all the kings of Tyre(BE) and Sidon;(BF) the kings of the coastlands(BG) across the sea; 23 Dedan,(BH) Tema,(BI) Buz(BJ) and all who are in distant places[d];(BK) 24 all the kings of Arabia(BL) and all the kings of the foreign people(BM) who live in the wilderness; 25 all the kings of Zimri,(BN) Elam(BO) and Media;(BP) 26 and all the kings of the north,(BQ) near and far, one after the other—all the kingdoms(BR) on the face of the earth. And after all of them, the king of Sheshak[e](BS) will drink it too.

27 “Then tell them, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: Drink, get drunk(BT) and vomit, and fall to rise no more because of the sword(BU) I will send among you.’ 28 But if they refuse to take the cup from your hand and drink(BV), tell them, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty says: You must drink it! 29 See, I am beginning to bring disaster(BW) on the city that bears my Name,(BX) and will you indeed go unpunished?(BY) You will not go unpunished, for I am calling down a sword(BZ) on all(CA) who live on the earth,(CB) declares the Lord Almighty.’

30 “Now prophesy all these words against them and say to them:

“‘The Lord will roar(CC) from on high;
    he will thunder(CD) from his holy dwelling(CE)
    and roar mightily against his land.
He will shout like those who tread(CF) the grapes,
    shout against all who live on the earth.
31 The tumult(CG) will resound to the ends of the earth,
    for the Lord will bring charges(CH) against the nations;
he will bring judgment(CI) on all(CJ) mankind
    and put the wicked to the sword,(CK)’”
declares the Lord.

32 This is what the Lord Almighty says:

“Look! Disaster(CL) is spreading
    from nation to nation;(CM)
a mighty storm(CN) is rising
    from the ends of the earth.”(CO)

33 At that time those slain(CP) by the Lord will be everywhere—from one end of the earth to the other. They will not be mourned or gathered(CQ) up or buried,(CR) but will be like dung lying on the ground.

34 Weep and wail, you shepherds;(CS)
    roll(CT) in the dust, you leaders of the flock.
For your time to be slaughtered(CU) has come;
    you will fall like the best of the rams.[f](CV)
35 The shepherds will have nowhere to flee,
    the leaders of the flock no place to escape.(CW)
36 Hear the cry(CX) of the shepherds,(CY)
    the wailing of the leaders of the flock,
    for the Lord is destroying their pasture.
37 The peaceful meadows will be laid waste
    because of the fierce anger of the Lord.
38 Like a lion(CZ) he will leave his lair,
    and their land will become desolate(DA)
because of the sword[g] of the oppressor(DB)
    and because of the Lord’s fierce anger.(DC)

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 25:9 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
  2. Jeremiah 25:12 Or Chaldeans
  3. Jeremiah 25:18 That is, their names to be used in cursing (see 29:22); or, to be seen by others as cursed
  4. Jeremiah 25:23 Or who clip the hair by their foreheads
  5. Jeremiah 25:26 Sheshak is a cryptogram for Babylon.
  6. Jeremiah 25:34 Septuagint; Hebrew fall and be shattered like fine pottery
  7. Jeremiah 25:38 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint (see also 46:16 and 50:16); most Hebrew manuscripts anger

Seventy Years of Desolation

25 The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, (A)in the fourth year of (B)Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah (which was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon), which Jeremiah the prophet spoke to all the people of Judah and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying: (C)“From the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, even to this day, this is the twenty-third year in which the word of the Lord has come to me; and I have spoken to you, rising early and speaking, (D)but you have not listened. And the Lord has sent to you all His servants the prophets, (E)rising early and sending them, but you have not listened nor inclined your ear to hear. They said, (F)‘Repent now everyone of his evil way and his evil doings, and dwell in the land that the Lord has given to you and your fathers forever and ever. Do not go after other gods to serve them and worship them, and do not provoke Me to anger with the works of your hands; and I will not harm you.’ Yet you have not listened to Me,” says the Lord, “that you might (G)provoke Me to anger with the works of your hands to your own hurt.

“Therefore thus says the Lord of hosts: ‘Because you have not heard My words, behold, I will send and take (H)all the families of the north,’ says the Lord, ‘and Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, (I)My servant, and will bring them against this land, against its inhabitants, and against these nations all around, and will utterly destroy them, and (J)make them an astonishment, a hissing, and perpetual desolations. 10 Moreover I will [a]take from them the (K)voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, (L)the sound of the millstones and the light of the lamp. 11 And this whole land shall be a desolation and an astonishment, and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy (M)years.

12 ‘Then it will come to pass, (N)when [b]seventy years are completed, that I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation, the land of the Chaldeans, for their iniquity,’ says the Lord; (O)‘and I will make it a perpetual desolation. 13 So I will bring on that land all My words which I have pronounced against it, all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah has prophesied concerning all the nations. 14 (P)(For many nations (Q)and great kings shall (R)be served by them also; (S)and I will repay them according to their deeds and according to the works of their own hands.)’ ”

Judgment on the Nations

15 For thus says the Lord God of Israel to me: “Take this (T)wine cup of [c]fury from My hand, and cause all the nations, to whom I send you, to drink it. 16 And (U)they will drink and stagger and go mad because of the sword that I will send among them.”

17 Then I took the cup from the Lord’s hand, and made all the nations drink, to whom the Lord had sent me: 18 Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, its kings and its princes, to make them (V)a desolation, an astonishment, a hissing, and (W)a curse, as it is this day; 19 Pharaoh king of Egypt, his servants, his princes, and all his people; 20 all the mixed multitude, all the kings of (X)the land of Uz, all the kings of the land of the (Y)Philistines (namely, Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and (Z)the remnant of Ashdod); 21 (AA)Edom, Moab, and the people of Ammon; 22 all the kings of (AB)Tyre, all the kings of Sidon, and the kings of the coastlands which are across the (AC)sea; 23 (AD)Dedan, Tema, Buz, and all who are in the farthest corners; 24 all the kings of Arabia and all the kings of the (AE)mixed multitude who dwell in the desert; 25 all the kings of Zimri, all the kings of (AF)Elam, and all the kings of the (AG)Medes; 26 (AH)all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and all the kingdoms of the world which are on the face of the earth. Also the king of [d]Sheshach shall drink after them.

27 “Therefore you shall say to them, ‘Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: (AI)“Drink, (AJ)be drunk, and vomit! Fall and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.” ’ 28 And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup from your hand to drink, then you shall say to them, ‘Thus says the Lord of hosts: “You shall certainly drink! 29 For behold, (AK)I begin to bring calamity on the city (AL)which is called by My name, and should you be utterly unpunished? You shall not be unpunished, for (AM)I will call for a sword on all the inhabitants of the earth,” says the Lord of hosts.’

30 “Therefore prophesy against them all these words, and say to them:

‘The Lord will (AN)roar from on high,
And utter His voice from (AO)His holy habitation;
He will roar mightily against (AP)His fold.
He will give (AQ)a shout, as those who tread the grapes,
Against all the inhabitants of the earth.
31 A noise will come to the ends of the earth—
For the Lord has (AR)a controversy with the nations;
(AS)He will plead His case with all flesh.
He will give those who are wicked to the sword,’ says the Lord.”

32 Thus says the Lord of hosts:

“Behold, disaster shall go forth
From nation to nation,
And (AT)a great whirlwind shall be raised up
From the farthest parts of the earth.

33 (AU)And at that day the slain of the Lord shall be from one end of the earth even to the other end of the earth. They shall not be (AV)lamented, (AW)or gathered, or buried; they shall become refuse on the ground.

34 “Wail,(AX) shepherds, and cry!
Roll about in the ashes,
You leaders of the flock!
For the days of your slaughter and your dispersions are fulfilled;
You shall fall like a precious vessel.
35 And the shepherds will have no [e]way to flee,
Nor the leaders of the flock to escape.
36 A voice of the cry of the shepherds,
And a wailing of the leaders to the flock will be heard.
For the Lord has plundered their pasture,
37 And the peaceful dwellings are cut down
Because of the fierce anger of the Lord.
38 He has left His lair like the lion;
For their land is desolate
Because of the fierceness of the Oppressor,
And because of His fierce anger.”

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 25:10 Lit. cause to perish from them
  2. Jeremiah 25:12 Beginning circa 605 b.c. (2 Kin. 24:1) and ending circa 536 b.c. (Ezra 1:1)
  3. Jeremiah 25:15 wrath
  4. Jeremiah 25:26 A code word for Babylon, Jer. 51:41
  5. Jeremiah 25:35 Or refuge