Moreover the word of the Lord came to me, saying,

Go and cry in the ears of Jerusalem, saying, Thus saith the Lord; I remember thee, the kindness of thy youth, the love of thine espousals, when thou wentest after me in the wilderness, in a land that was not sown.

Israel was holiness unto the Lord, and the firstfruits of his increase: all that devour him shall offend; evil shall come upon them, saith the Lord.

Hear ye the word of the Lord, O house of Jacob, and all the families of the house of Israel:

Thus saith the Lord, What iniquity have your fathers found in me, that they are gone far from me, and have walked after vanity, and are become vain?

Neither said they, Where is the Lord that brought us up out of the land of Egypt, that led us through the wilderness, through a land of deserts and of pits, through a land of drought, and of the shadow of death, through a land that no man passed through, and where no man dwelt?

And I brought you into a plentiful country, to eat the fruit thereof and the goodness thereof; but when ye entered, ye defiled my land, and made mine heritage an abomination.

The priests said not, Where is the Lord? and they that handle the law knew me not: the pastors also transgressed against me, and the prophets prophesied by Baal, and walked after things that do not profit.

Wherefore I will yet plead with you, saith the Lord, and with your children's children will I plead.

10 For pass over the isles of Chittim, and see; and send unto Kedar, and consider diligently, and see if there be such a thing.

11 Hath a nation changed their gods, which are yet no gods? but my people have changed their glory for that which doth not profit.

12 Be astonished, O ye heavens, at this, and be horribly afraid, be ye very desolate, saith the Lord.

13 For my people have committed two evils; they have forsaken me the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that can hold no water.

14 Is Israel a servant? is he a homeborn slave? why is he spoiled?

15 The young lions roared upon him, and yelled, and they made his land waste: his cities are burned without inhabitant.

16 Also the children of Noph and Tahapanes have broken the crown of thy head.

17 Hast thou not procured this unto thyself, in that thou hast forsaken the Lord thy God, when he led thee by the way?

18 And now what hast thou to do in the way of Egypt, to drink the waters of Sihor? or what hast thou to do in the way of Assyria, to drink the waters of the river?

19 Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the Lord thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord God of hosts.

20 For of old time I have broken thy yoke, and burst thy bands; and thou saidst, I will not transgress; when upon every high hill and under every green tree thou wanderest, playing the harlot.

21 Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine unto me?

22 For though thou wash thee with nitre, and take thee much soap, yet thine iniquity is marked before me, saith the Lord God.

23 How canst thou say, I am not polluted, I have not gone after Baalim? see thy way in the valley, know what thou hast done: thou art a swift dromedary traversing her ways;

24 A wild ass used to the wilderness, that snuffeth up the wind at her pleasure; in her occasion who can turn her away? all they that seek her will not weary themselves; in her month they shall find her.

25 Withhold thy foot from being unshod, and thy throat from thirst: but thou saidst, There is no hope: no; for I have loved strangers, and after them will I go.

26 As the thief is ashamed when he is found, so is the house of Israel ashamed; they, their kings, their princes, and their priests, and their prophets.

27 Saying to a stock, Thou art my father; and to a stone, Thou hast brought me forth: for they have turned their back unto me, and not their face: but in the time of their trouble they will say, Arise, and save us.

28 But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee? let them arise, if they can save thee in the time of thy trouble: for according to the number of thy cities are thy gods, O Judah.

29 Wherefore will ye plead with me? ye all have transgressed against me, saith the Lord.

30 In vain have I smitten your children; they received no correction: your own sword hath devoured your prophets, like a destroying lion.

31 O generation, see ye the word of the Lord. Have I been a wilderness unto Israel? a land of darkness? wherefore say my people, We are lords; we will come no more unto thee?

32 Can a maid forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire? yet my people have forgotten me days without number.

33 Why trimmest thou thy way to seek love? therefore hast thou also taught the wicked ones thy ways.

34 Also in thy skirts is found the blood of the souls of the poor innocents: I have not found it by secret search, but upon all these.

35 Yet thou sayest, Because I am innocent, surely his anger shall turn from me. Behold, I will plead with thee, because thou sayest, I have not sinned.

36 Why gaddest thou about so much to change thy way? thou also shalt be ashamed of Egypt, as thou wast ashamed of Assyria.

37 Yea, thou shalt go forth from him, and thine hands upon thine head: for the Lord hath rejected thy confidences, and thou shalt not prosper in them.

Der Herr tadelt sein untreues Volk Israel

Und das Wort des Herrn erging an mich folgendermaßen:

Geh hin und rufe in die Ohren Jerusalems und sprich: So spricht der Herr: Ich denke noch an die Zuneigung deiner Jugendzeit, an deine bräutliche Liebe, als du mir nachgezogen bist in der Wüste, in einem Land ohne Aussaat.

Israel war [damals] dem Herrn geheiligt, der Erstling seines Ertrages; alle, die es verzehren wollten, machten sich schuldig; es kam Unheil über sie, spricht der Herr.

Hört das Wort des Herrn, ihr vom Haus Jakob, und alle Geschlechter des Hauses Israel!

So spricht der Herr: Was haben eure Väter denn Unrechtes an mir gefunden, dass sie sich von mir entfernt haben und dem Nichtigen[a] nachgegangen und zunichtegeworden sind?

Und sie haben nicht gefragt: Wo ist der Herr, der uns aus dem Land Ägypten heraufgeführt und uns durch die Wüste geleitet hat, durch ein wildes und zerklüftetes Land, durch ein dürres und totes Land, durch ein Land, das niemand durchwandert und kein Mensch bewohnt?

Und ich brachte euch in das fruchtbare Land, damit ihr dessen Früchte und Güter genießt; und ihr kamt hinein und habt mein Land verunreinigt, und mein Erbteil habt ihr zum Gräuel gemacht!

Die Priester fragten nicht: Wo ist der Herr? Und die mit dem Gesetz umgingen, erkannten mich nicht; die Hirten fielen von mir ab, und die Propheten weissagten durch Baal und liefen denen nach, die nicht helfen können.

Darum will ich weiter mit euch rechten, spricht der Herr, und auch mit euren Kindeskindern will ich rechten!

10 Fahrt doch hinüber zu den Inseln der Kittäer und schaut, und sendet nach Kedar und erkundigt euch genau und seht, ob es dort so zugeht!

11 Hat je ein Heidenvolk die Götter gewechselt, die doch nicht einmal Götter sind? Aber mein Volk hat seine Herrlichkeit vertauscht gegen das, was nicht hilft!

12 Entsetzt euch darüber, ihr Himmel, und schaudert, werdet schreckensstarr!, spricht der Herr.

13 Denn mein Volk hat eine zweifache Sünde begangen: Mich, die Quelle des lebendigen Wassers, haben sie verlassen, um sich Zisternen zu graben, löchrige Zisternen, die kein Wasser halten!

14 Ist denn Israel ein Knecht oder unfrei geboren[b]? Warum ist es zur Beute geworden?

15 Junge Löwen brüllen es an mit lautem Gebrüll und machen sein Land zur Wüste, seine Städte zu Brandstätten, die niemand bewohnt.

16 Auch weiden dir die Söhne von Noph und Tachpanches[c] den Scheitel ab.

17 Hast du dir dies nicht selbst bereitet, indem du den Herrn, deinen Gott, verlassen hast zu der Zeit, als er dich auf dem Weg führte?

18 Und nun, was soll dir die Reise nach Ägypten helfen, um die Wasser des Nil zu trinken? Oder was soll dir die Reise nach Assyrien helfen, um die Wasser des Euphrat zu trinken?[d]

19 Deine Bosheit straft dich, und deine Abtrünnigkeit züchtigt dich! Erkenne doch und sieh, wie schlimm und bitter es ist, dass du den Herrn, deinen Gott, verlassen hast und dass keine Furcht vor mir in dir ist!, spricht der Herrscher, der Herr der Heerscharen.

20 Denn vor langer Zeit habe ich dein Joch zerbrochen und deine Bande zerrissen; aber du hast gesagt: »Ich will nicht dienen!« Ja, du hast dich auf allen hohen Hügeln und unter allen grünen Bäumen als Hure hingestreckt!

21 Und doch hatte ich dich gepflanzt als eine Edelrebe von ganz echtem Samen; wie hast du dich mir verwandeln können in wilde Ranken eines fremden Weinstocks?

22 Denn wenn du dich auch mit Lauge waschen und viel Seife dazu nehmen würdest, so würde deine Schuld vor meinem Angesicht doch schmutzig bleiben! spricht Gott, der Herr[e].

23 Wie kannst du sagen: »Ich habe mich nicht verunreinigt und bin den Baalen nicht nachgelaufen?« Schau doch deinen Weg im Tal an; erkenne, was du getan hast, du leichtfüßige Kamelin, die kreuz und quer läuft!

24 Die Wildeselin, welche die Wüste gewohnt ist, die in der Begierde ihrer Lust nach Luft schnappt, wer kann sie aufhalten in ihrer Brunst? Alle, die sie suchen, brauchen sich nicht abzumühen; in ihrem Monat finden sie sie.

25 Bewahre deinen Fuß vor dem Barfußgehen und deine Kehle vor dem Durst! Aber du sprichst: Nein, da wird nichts daraus! Denn ich liebe die Fremden, und ihnen will ich nachlaufen!

26 Wie ein Dieb sich schämen muss, wenn er ertappt wird, so ist das Haus Israel zuschanden geworden — sie, ihre Könige, ihre Fürsten, ihre Priester und ihre Propheten,

27 die zum Holz sagen: »Du bist mein Vater!« und zum Stein: »Du hast mich geboren!«[f] Denn sie haben mir den Rücken zugewandt und nicht das Angesicht; zur Zeit ihres Unglücks aber werden sie sagen: »Mache dich auf und rette uns!«

28 Wo sind denn deine Götter, die du dir gemacht hast? Sie sollen sich aufmachen, wenn sie dich retten können zur Zeit deines Unglücks! Denn so viele Städte du hast, Juda, so viele Götter hast du auch!

29 Warum wollt ihr denn mit mir rechten? Ihr seid ja alle von mir abgefallen!, spricht der Herr.

30 Vergeblich habe ich eure Kinder geschlagen — sie haben die Züchtigung nicht angenommen; euer Schwert hat eure Propheten gefressen wie ein reißender Löwe.

31 O du [verkehrtes] Geschlecht, achte doch auf das Wort des Herrn! Bin ich denn für Israel eine Wüste gewesen oder ein Land tiefer Finsternis? Warum spricht denn mein Volk: »Wir schweifen frei umher! Wir kommen nicht mehr zu dir!«

32 Vergisst auch eine Jungfrau ihren Schmuck, oder eine Braut ihren Gürtel? Aber mein Volk hat mich vergessen seit unzähligen Tagen.

33 Wie gut weißt du deinen Weg einzurichten, um Liebe zu suchen! Darum hast du dich auch an Verbrechen gewöhnt auf deinen Wegen.

34 Sogar an deinen [Kleider-]Säumen findet man das Blut armer, unschuldiger Seelen, die du nicht etwa beim Einbruch angetroffen hast, sondern auf all diesen [Wegen].

35 Aber du sagst: »Ich bin doch unschuldig; gewiss hat sich sein Zorn schon von mir abgewandt!« — Siehe, ich will mit dir ins Gericht gehen, weil du sagst: »Ich habe nicht gesündigt!«

36 Was läufst du ständig hin und her und änderst deinen Weg? Du wirst an Ägypten ebenso zuschanden werden, wie du an Assyrien zuschanden geworden bist!

37 Auch von dort wirst du abziehen müssen, die Hände auf dem Kopf; denn der Herr hat die verworfen, auf welche du dein Vertrauen setzt, und es wird dir mit ihnen nicht gelingen!

Footnotes

  1. (2,5) d.h. den nichtigen Götzen.
  2. (2,14) w. ein Hausgeborener; d.h. jemand, der als Kind von Sklaven im Haus seines Herrn geboren ist und daher von Geburt an unfrei ist.
  3. (2,16) d.h. die Ägypter. Noph ist der Name für Memphis, Tachpanches war eine bedeutende ägyptische Grenzfestung im östlichen Nildelta.
  4. (2,18) d.h. um in Ägypten oder Assyrien (die zu dieser Zeit verbündet waren) politische Unterstützung gegen Babylon zu finden.
  5. (2,22) hebr. Adonai Jahweh.
  6. (2,27) Eine Anspielung auf die Holz- und Steinsymbole, die im Fruchtbarkeitskult der Kanaanäer Verwendung fanden.

Israel Forsakes God

The word(A) of the Lord came to me: “Go and proclaim in the hearing of Jerusalem:

“This is what the Lord says:

“‘I remember the devotion of your youth,(B)
    how as a bride you loved me
and followed me through the wilderness,(C)
    through a land not sown.
Israel was holy(D) to the Lord,(E)
    the firstfruits(F) of his harvest;
all who devoured(G) her were held guilty,(H)
    and disaster overtook them,’”
declares the Lord.

Hear the word of the Lord, you descendants of Jacob,
    all you clans of Israel.

This is what the Lord says:

“What fault did your ancestors find in me,
    that they strayed so far from me?
They followed worthless idols(I)
    and became worthless(J) themselves.
They did not ask, ‘Where is the Lord,
    who brought us up out of Egypt(K)
and led us through the barren wilderness,
    through a land of deserts(L) and ravines,(M)
a land of drought and utter darkness,
    a land where no one travels(N) and no one lives?’
I brought you into a fertile land
    to eat its fruit and rich produce.(O)
But you came and defiled my land
    and made my inheritance detestable.(P)
The priests did not ask,
    ‘Where is the Lord?’
Those who deal with the law did not know me;(Q)
    the leaders(R) rebelled against me.
The prophets prophesied by Baal,(S)
    following worthless idols.(T)

“Therefore I bring charges(U) against you again,”
declares the Lord.
    “And I will bring charges against your children’s children.
10 Cross over to the coasts of Cyprus(V) and look,
    send to Kedar[a](W) and observe closely;
    see if there has ever been anything like this:
11 Has a nation ever changed its gods?
    (Yet they are not gods(X) at all.)
But my people have exchanged their glorious(Y) God
    for worthless idols.
12 Be appalled at this, you heavens,
    and shudder with great horror,”
declares the Lord.
13 “My people have committed two sins:
They have forsaken(Z) me,
    the spring of living water,(AA)
and have dug their own cisterns,
    broken cisterns that cannot hold water.
14 Is Israel a servant, a slave(AB) by birth?
    Why then has he become plunder?
15 Lions(AC) have roared;
    they have growled at him.
They have laid waste(AD) his land;
    his towns are burned(AE) and deserted.(AF)
16 Also, the men of Memphis(AG) and Tahpanhes(AH)
    have cracked your skull.
17 Have you not brought this on yourselves(AI)
    by forsaking(AJ) the Lord your God
    when he led you in the way?
18 Now why go to Egypt(AK)
    to drink water from the Nile[b]?(AL)
And why go to Assyria(AM)
    to drink water from the Euphrates?(AN)
19 Your wickedness will punish you;
    your backsliding(AO) will rebuke(AP) you.
Consider then and realize
    how evil and bitter(AQ) it is for you
when you forsake(AR) the Lord your God
    and have no awe(AS) of me,”
declares the Lord, the Lord Almighty.

20 “Long ago you broke off your yoke(AT)
    and tore off your bonds;(AU)
    you said, ‘I will not serve you!’(AV)
Indeed, on every high hill(AW)
    and under every spreading tree(AX)
    you lay down as a prostitute.(AY)
21 I had planted(AZ) you like a choice vine(BA)
    of sound and reliable stock.
How then did you turn against me
    into a corrupt,(BB) wild vine?
22 Although you wash(BC) yourself with soap(BD)
    and use an abundance of cleansing powder,
    the stain of your guilt is still before me,”
declares the Sovereign Lord.(BE)
23 “How can you say, ‘I am not defiled;(BF)
    I have not run after the Baals’?(BG)
See how you behaved in the valley;(BH)
    consider what you have done.
You are a swift she-camel
    running(BI) here and there,
24 a wild donkey(BJ) accustomed to the desert,(BK)
    sniffing the wind in her craving—
    in her heat who can restrain her?
Any males that pursue her need not tire themselves;
    at mating time they will find her.
25 Do not run until your feet are bare
    and your throat is dry.
But you said, ‘It’s no use!(BL)
    I love foreign gods,(BM)
    and I must go after them.’(BN)

26 “As a thief is disgraced(BO) when he is caught,
    so the people of Israel are disgraced—
they, their kings and their officials,
    their priests(BP) and their prophets.(BQ)
27 They say to wood,(BR) ‘You are my father,’
    and to stone,(BS) ‘You gave me birth.’
They have turned their backs(BT) to me
    and not their faces;(BU)
yet when they are in trouble,(BV) they say,
    ‘Come and save(BW) us!’
28 Where then are the gods(BX) you made for yourselves?
    Let them come if they can save you
    when you are in trouble!(BY)
For you, Judah, have as many gods
    as you have towns.(BZ)

29 “Why do you bring charges against me?
    You have all(CA) rebelled against me,”
declares the Lord.
30 “In vain I punished your people;
    they did not respond to correction.(CB)
Your sword has devoured your prophets(CC)
    like a ravenous lion.

31 “You of this generation, consider the word of the Lord:

“Have I been a desert to Israel
    or a land of great darkness?(CD)
Why do my people say, ‘We are free to roam;
    we will come to you no more’?(CE)
32 Does a young woman forget her jewelry,
    a bride her wedding ornaments?
Yet my people have forgotten(CF) me,
    days without number.
33 How skilled you are at pursuing(CG) love!
    Even the worst of women can learn from your ways.
34 On your clothes is found
    the lifeblood(CH) of the innocent poor,
    though you did not catch them breaking in.(CI)
Yet in spite of all this
35     you say, ‘I am innocent;(CJ)
    he is not angry with me.’
But I will pass judgment(CK) on you
    because you say, ‘I have not sinned.’(CL)
36 Why do you go about so much,
    changing(CM) your ways?
You will be disappointed by Egypt(CN)
    as you were by Assyria.
37 You will also leave that place
    with your hands on your head,(CO)
for the Lord has rejected those you trust;
    you will not be helped(CP) by them.

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 2:10 In the Syro-Arabian desert
  2. Jeremiah 2:18 Hebrew Shihor; that is, a branch of the Nile

God’s Case Against Israel

Moreover the word of the Lord came to me, saying, “Go and cry in the hearing of Jerusalem, saying, ‘Thus says the Lord:

“I remember you,
The kindness of your (A)youth,
The love of your betrothal,
(B)When you [a]went after Me in the wilderness,
In a land not sown.
(C)Israel was holiness to the Lord,
(D)The firstfruits of His increase.
(E)All that devour him will offend;
Disaster will (F)come upon them,” says the Lord.’ ”

Hear the word of the Lord, O house of Jacob and all the families of the house of Israel. Thus says the Lord:

(G)“What injustice have your fathers found in Me,
That they have gone far from Me,
(H)Have followed [b]idols,
And have become idolaters?
Neither did they say, ‘Where is the Lord,
Who (I)brought us up out of the land of Egypt,
Who led us through (J)the wilderness,
Through a land of deserts and pits,
Through a land of drought and the shadow of death,
Through a land that no one crossed
And where no one dwelt?’
I brought you into (K)a bountiful country,
To eat its fruit and its goodness.
But when you entered, you (L)defiled My land
And made My heritage an abomination.
The priests did not say, ‘Where is the Lord?’
And those who handle the (M)law did not know Me;
The rulers also transgressed against Me;
(N)The prophets prophesied by Baal,
And walked after things that do not profit.

“Therefore (O)I will yet [c]bring charges against you,” says the Lord,
“And against your children’s children I will bring charges.
10 For pass beyond the coasts of [d]Cyprus and see,
Send to [e]Kedar and consider diligently,
And see if there has been such a (P)thing.
11 (Q)Has a nation changed its gods,
Which are (R)not gods?
(S)But My people have changed their Glory
For what does not profit.
12 Be astonished, O heavens, at this,
And be horribly afraid;
Be very desolate,” says the Lord.
13 “For My people have committed two evils:
They have forsaken Me, the (T)fountain of living waters,
And hewn themselves cisterns—broken cisterns that can hold no water.

14 Is Israel (U)a servant?
Is he a homeborn slave?
Why is he plundered?
15 (V)The young lions roared at him, and growled;
They made his land waste;
His cities are burned, without inhabitant.
16 Also the people of [f]Noph and (W)Tahpanhes
Have [g]broken the crown of your head.
17 (X)Have you not brought this on yourself,
In that you have forsaken the Lord your God
When (Y)He led you in the way?
18 And now why take (Z)the road to Egypt,
To drink the waters of (AA)Sihor?
Or why take the road to (AB)Assyria,
To drink the waters of [h]the River?
19 Your own wickedness will (AC)correct you,
And your backslidings will rebuke you.
Know therefore and see that it is an evil and bitter thing
That you have forsaken the Lord your God,
And the [i]fear of Me is not in you,”
Says the Lord God of hosts.

20 “For of old I have (AD)broken your yoke and burst your bonds;
And (AE)you said, ‘I will not [j]transgress,’
When (AF)on every high hill and under every green tree
You lay down, (AG)playing the harlot.
21 Yet I had (AH)planted you a noble vine, a seed of highest quality.
How then have you turned before Me
Into (AI)the degenerate plant of an alien vine?
22 For though you wash yourself with lye, and use much soap,
Yet your iniquity is (AJ)marked[k] before Me,” says the Lord God.

23 “How(AK) can you say, ‘I am not [l]polluted,
I have not gone after the Baals’?
See your way in the valley;
Know what you have done:
You are a swift dromedary breaking loose in her ways,
24 A wild donkey used to the wilderness,
That sniffs at the wind in her desire;
In her time of mating, who can turn her away?
All those who seek her will not weary themselves;
In her month they will find her.
25 Withhold your foot from being unshod, and your throat from thirst.
But you said, (AL)‘There is no hope.
No! For I have loved (AM)aliens, and after them I will go.’

26 “As the thief is ashamed when he is found out,
So is the house of Israel ashamed;
They and their kings and their princes, and their priests and their (AN)prophets,
27 Saying to a tree, ‘You are my father,’
And to a (AO)stone, ‘You gave birth to me.’
For they have turned their back to Me, and not their face.
But in the time of their (AP)trouble
They will say, ‘Arise and save us.’
28 But (AQ)where are your gods that you have made for yourselves?
Let them arise,
If they (AR)can save you in the time of your [m]trouble;
For (AS)according to the number of your cities
Are your gods, O Judah.

29 “Why will you plead with Me?
You all have transgressed against Me,” says the Lord.
30 “In vain I have (AT)chastened your children;
They (AU)received no correction.
Your sword has (AV)devoured your prophets
Like a destroying lion.

31 “O generation, see the word of the Lord!
Have I been a wilderness to Israel,
Or a land of darkness?
Why do My people say, ‘We [n]are lords;
(AW)We will come no more to You’?
32 Can a virgin forget her ornaments,
Or a bride her attire?
Yet My people (AX)have forgotten Me days without number.

33 “Why do you beautify your way to seek love?
Therefore you have also taught
The wicked women your ways.
34 Also on your skirts is found
(AY)The blood of the lives of the poor innocents.
I have not found it by [o]secret search,
But plainly on all these things.
35 (AZ)Yet you say, ‘Because I am innocent,
Surely His anger shall turn from me.’
Behold, (BA)I will plead My case against you,
(BB)Because you say, ‘I have not sinned.’
36 (BC)Why do you gad about so much to change your way?
Also (BD)you shall be ashamed of Egypt (BE)as you were ashamed of Assyria.
37 Indeed you will go forth from him
With your hands on (BF)your head;
For the Lord has rejected your trusted allies,
And you will (BG)not prosper by them.

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 2:2 followed
  2. Jeremiah 2:5 vanities or futilities
  3. Jeremiah 2:9 contend with
  4. Jeremiah 2:10 Heb. Kittim, representative of western cultures
  5. Jeremiah 2:10 In northern Arabian desert, representative of eastern cultures
  6. Jeremiah 2:16 Memphis in ancient Egypt
  7. Jeremiah 2:16 Or grazed
  8. Jeremiah 2:18 The Euphrates
  9. Jeremiah 2:19 dread
  10. Jeremiah 2:20 Kt. serve
  11. Jeremiah 2:22 stained
  12. Jeremiah 2:23 defiled
  13. Jeremiah 2:28 Or evil
  14. Jeremiah 2:31 have dominion
  15. Jeremiah 2:34 digging