Israel Accused of Apostasy

The word of the Lord came to me: “Go and announce directly to Jerusalem that this is what the Lord says:

I remember the loyalty of your youth,(A)
your love as a bride—
how you followed me in the wilderness,
in a land not sown.
Israel was holy to the Lord,(B)
the firstfruits of his harvest.(C)
All who ate of it found themselves guilty;(D)
disaster came on them.”
This is the Lord’s declaration.

Hear the word of the Lord, house of Jacob
and all families of the house of Israel.
This is what the Lord says:
What fault did your ancestors find in me(E)
that they went so far from me,
followed worthless idols,(F)
and became worthless themselves?(G)
They stopped asking, “Where is the Lord(H)
who brought us from the land of Egypt,
who led us through the wilderness,(I)
through a land of deserts and ravines,
through a land of drought and darkness,[a]
a land no one traveled through
and where no one lived?”
I brought you to a fertile land(J)
to eat its fruit and bounty,
but after you entered, you defiled my land;(K)
you made my inheritance(L) detestable.
The priests quit asking, “Where is the Lord?”
The experts in the law no longer knew me,(M)
and the rulers(N) rebelled against me.
The prophets prophesied by[b] Baal(O)
and followed useless idols.(P)

Therefore, I will bring a case against you again.
This is the Lord’s declaration.
I will bring a case against your children’s children.(Q)
10 Cross over to the coasts of Cyprus[c](R) and take a look.
Send someone to Kedar(S) and consider carefully;
see if there has ever been anything like this:
11 Has a nation ever exchanged its gods?(T)
(But they were not gods!(U))
Yet my people have exchanged their[d] Glory
for useless idols.(V)
12 Be appalled at this, heavens;(W)
be shocked and utterly desolated!
This is the Lord’s declaration.

13 For my people have committed a double evil:
They have abandoned me,(X)
the fountain of living water,(Y)
and dug cisterns for themselves—
cracked cisterns that cannot hold water.(Z)

Consequences of Apostasy

14 Is Israel a slave?
Was he born into slavery?[e]
Why else has he become a prey?
15 The young lions have roared at him;(AA)
they have roared loudly.
They have laid waste his land.(AB)
His cities are in ruins, without inhabitants.
16 The men of Memphis and Tahpanhes(AC)
have also broken your skull.
17 Have you not brought this on yourself(AD)
by abandoning the Lord your God
while he was leading you along the way?
18 Now what will you gain
by traveling along the way to Egypt(AE)
to drink the water of the Nile?[f]
What will you gain
by traveling along the way to Assyria(AF)
to drink the water of the Euphrates?(AG)
19 Your own evil will discipline you;(AH)
your own apostasies will reprimand you.
Recognize[g] how evil and bitter(AI) it is
for you to abandon the Lord your God
and to have no fear of me.
This is the declaration of the Lord God of Armies.

20 For long ago I[h] broke your yoke;(AJ)
I[i] tore off your chains.
You insisted, “I will not serve!”
On every high hill
and under every green tree(AK)
you lay down like a prostitute.(AL)

21 I planted you, a choice vine(AM)
from the very best seed.
How then could you turn into
a degenerate, foreign vine?(AN)

22 Even if you wash with lye
and use a great amount of bleach,[j](AO)
the stain of your iniquity is still in front of me.(AP)
This is the Lord God’s declaration.
23 How can you protest, “I am not defiled;
I have not followed the Baals”?(AQ)
Look at your behavior in the valley;
acknowledge what you have done.(AR)
You are a swift young camel
twisting and turning on her way,
24 a wild donkey(AS) at home[k] in the wilderness.
She sniffs the wind in the heat of her desire.
Who can control her passion?
All who look for her will not become weary;
they will find her in her mating season.[l]
25 Keep your feet from going bare
and your throat from thirst.
But you say, “It’s hopeless;(AT)
I love strangers,(AU)
and I will continue to follow them.”

26 Like the shame of a thief when he is caught,
so the house of Israel has been put to shame.(AV)
They, their kings, their officials,
their priests, and their prophets(AW)
27 say to a tree, “You are my father,”
and to a stone, “You gave birth to me.”
For they have turned their back to me
and not their face,(AX)
yet in their time of disaster(AY) they beg,
“Rise up and save us!”
28 But where are your gods you made for yourself?
Let them rise up and save you(AZ)
in your time of disaster if they can,
for your gods are as numerous as your cities, Judah.

Judgment Deserved

29 Why do you bring a case against me?(BA)
All of you have rebelled against me.
This is the Lord’s declaration.
30 I have struck down your children in vain;
they would not accept discipline.(BB)
Your own sword has devoured your prophets(BC)
like a ravaging lion.
31 Evil generation,(BD)
pay attention to the word of the Lord!
Have I been a wilderness to Israel
or a land of dense darkness?(BE)
Why do my people claim,
“We will go where we want;[m]
we will no longer come to you”?
32 Can a young woman forget her jewelry(BF)
or a bride her wedding sash?
Yet my people have forgotten me(BG)
for countless days.
33 How skillfully you pursue love;
you also teach evil women your ways.
34 Moreover, your skirts are stained
with the blood of the innocent poor.(BH)
You did not catch them breaking and entering.(BI)
But in spite of all these things
35 you claim, “I am innocent.(BJ)
His anger is sure to turn away from me.”
But I will certainly judge you
because you have said, “I have not sinned.”(BK)
36 How unstable you are,(BL)
constantly changing your ways!
You will be put to shame by Egypt(BM)
just as you were put to shame by Assyria.
37 Moreover, you will be led out from here
with your hands on your head(BN)
since the Lord has rejected those you trust;(BO)
you will not succeed even with their help.[n]

Footnotes

  1. 2:6 Or shadow of death
  2. 2:8 = in the name of
  3. 2:10 Lit to the islands of Kittim
  4. 2:11 Alt Hb tradition reads my
  5. 2:14 Lit born of a house
  6. 2:18 Lit of Shihor
  7. 2:19 Lit Know and see
  8. 2:20 LXX reads you
  9. 2:20 LXX reads you
  10. 2:22 Lit cleansing agent
  11. 2:24 Lit donkey taught
  12. 2:24 Lit her month
  13. 2:31 Or “We have taken control, or “We can roam
  14. 2:37 Lit with them

God Pleads with Israel to Repent

The word of the Lord came to me, saying: Go and proclaim in the hearing of Jerusalem, Thus says the Lord:

I remember the devotion of your youth,
    your love as a bride,
how you followed me in the wilderness,
    in a land not sown.(A)
Israel was holy to the Lord,
    the first fruits of his harvest.
All who ate of it were held guilty;
    disaster came upon them,
            says the Lord.(B)

Hear the word of the Lord, O house of Jacob, and all the families of the house of Israel. Thus says the Lord:

What wrong did your ancestors find in me
    that they went far from me
and went after worthless things and became worthless themselves?(C)
They did not say, “Where is the Lord,
    who brought us up from the land of Egypt,
who led us in the wilderness,
    in a land of deserts and pits,
in a land of drought and deep darkness,
    in a land that no one passes through,
    where no one lives?”(D)
I brought you into a plentiful land
    to eat its fruits and its good things.
But when you entered you defiled my land
    and made my heritage an abomination.(E)
The priests did not say, “Where is the Lord?”
    Those who handle the law did not know me;
the rulers[a] transgressed against me;
    the prophets prophesied by Baal
    and went after things that do not profit.(F)

Therefore once more I accuse you,
            says the Lord,
    and I accuse your children’s children.(G)
10 Cross to the coasts of Cyprus and look;
    send to Kedar and examine with care;
    see if there has ever been such a thing.
11 Has a nation changed its gods,
    even though they are no gods?
But my people have changed their glory
    for something that does not profit.(H)
12 Be appalled, O heavens, at this;
    be shocked; be utterly desolate,
            says the Lord,
13 for my people have committed two evils:
    they have forsaken me,
the fountain of living water,
    and dug out cisterns for themselves,
cracked cisterns
    that can hold no water.(I)

14 Is Israel a slave? Is he a homeborn servant?
    Why then has he become plunder?(J)
15 The lions have roared against him;
    they have roared loudly.
They have made his land a waste;
    his cities are in ruins, without inhabitant.(K)
16 Moreover, the people of Memphis and Tahpanhes
    have broken the crown of your head.(L)
17 Have you not brought this upon yourself
    by forsaking the Lord your God,
    while he led you in the way?(M)
18 What then do you gain by going to Egypt,
    to drink the waters of the Nile?
Or what do you gain by going to Assyria,
    to drink the waters of the Euphrates?(N)
19 Your wickedness will punish you,
    and your faithlessness will convict you.
Know and see that it is evil and bitter
    for you to forsake the Lord your God;
    the fear of me is not in you,
            says the Lord God of hosts.(O)

20 For long ago you broke your yoke
    and burst your bonds,
    and you said, “I will not serve!”
On every high hill
    and under every green tree
    you sprawled and prostituted yourself.(P)
21 Yet I planted you as a choice vine
    from the purest stock.
How then did you turn degenerate
    and become a wild vine?(Q)
22 Though you wash yourself with lye
    and use much soap,
    the stain of your guilt is still before me,
            says the Lord God.(R)
23 How can you say, “I am not defiled;
    I have not gone after the Baals”?
Look at your way in the valley;
    know what you have done:
a restive young camel interlacing her tracks,(S)
24     a wild ass at home in the wilderness
in her heat sniffing the wind!
    Who can restrain her lust?
None who seek her need weary themselves;
    in her month they will find her.(T)
25 Keep your feet from going bare
    and your throat from thirst.
But you said, “It is no use,
    for I have loved strangers,
    and after them I will go.”(U)

26 As a thief is shamed when caught,
    so the house of Israel shall be shamed:
they, their kings, their officials,
    their priests, and their prophets,(V)
27 who say to a tree, “You are my father,”
    and to a stone, “You gave me birth.”
For they have turned their backs to me
    and not their faces.
But in the time of their trouble they say,
    “Come and save us!”(W)
28 But where are your gods
    that you made for yourself?
Let them come, if they can save you,
    in your time of trouble,
for you have as many gods
    as you have towns, O Judah.(X)

29 Why do you complain against me?
    You have all rebelled against me,
            says the Lord.(Y)
30 In vain I have struck down your children;
    they accepted no correction.
Your own sword devoured your prophets
    like a ravening lion.(Z)
31 And you, O generation, behold the word of the Lord![b]
Have I been a wilderness to Israel
    or a land of thick darkness?
Why then do my people say, “We are free;
    we will come to you no more”?(AA)
32 Can a young woman forget her ornaments
    or a bride her attire?
Yet my people have forgotten me,
    days without number.(AB)

33 How well you direct your course
    to seek lovers!
So that even to wicked women
    you have taught your ways.
34 Also on your skirts is found
    the lifeblood of the innocent poor,
though you did not catch them breaking in.
    Yet in spite of all these things[c](AC)
35 you say, “I am innocent;
    surely his anger has turned from me.”
Now I am bringing you to judgment
    for saying, “I have not sinned.”(AD)
36 Why do you go about so much
    to change your way?
You shall be put to shame by Egypt
    as you were put to shame by Assyria.(AE)
37 From there also you will come away
    with your hands on your head,
for the Lord has rejected those in whom you trust,
    and you will not prosper through them.(AF)

Footnotes

  1. 2.8 Heb shepherds
  2. 2.31 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  3. 2.34 Meaning of Heb uncertain