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Der Herr kündigt sein Gericht gegen die nach Ägypten ausgewanderten Juden an

44 Dies ist das Wort, das an Jeremia erging betreffs aller Juden, die im Land Ägypten wohnten, in Migdol und Tachpanches, in Noph und im Land Patros:[a]

So spricht der Herr der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels: Ihr habt all das Unheil gesehen, das ich über Jerusalem und alle Städte Judas gebracht habe; und siehe, sie sind heute Ruinen, und es wohnt niemand darin,

um der Bosheit willen, die sie begangen haben, um mich zu erzürnen, indem sie hingegangen sind und anderen Göttern räucherten und dienten, die sie nicht kannten, weder sie, noch ihr, noch eure Väter,

obwohl ich alle meine Knechte, die Propheten, zu euch gesandt habe, indem ich mich früh aufmachte und sie [immer wieder] sandte und euch sagen ließ: Begeht doch diesen Gräuel nicht, den ich hasse!

Sie aber wollten nicht hören und neigten ihr Ohr nicht, dass sie von ihrer Bosheit umgekehrt wären und nicht mehr fremden Göttern geräuchert hätten.

Darum hat sich mein Grimm ergossen und ist mein Zorn gegen die Städte Judas und die Straßen Jerusalems entbrannt, sodass sie zu Trümmern und Ruinen geworden sind, wie es heute der Fall ist.

Und nun, so spricht der Herr, der Gott der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels: Warum begeht ihr ein so großes Übel gegen euch selbst, indem ihr euch Männer und Frauen, Kinder und Säuglinge aus Juda ausrottet, sodass euch kein Überrest mehr bleiben wird,

dadurch nämlich, dass ihr mich durch die Werke eurer Hände erzürnt, indem ihr anderen Göttern räuchert im Land Ägypten, wohin ihr gegangen seid, um euch dort aufzuhalten, euch selbst zum Verderben, und damit ihr zum Fluch- und Schimpfwort werdet unter allen Heidenvölkern der Erde?

Habt ihr denn die Übeltaten eurer Väter vergessen und die Übeltaten der Könige von Juda und die Übeltaten ihrer Frauen und eure eigenen Übeltaten und die Übeltaten, die eure Frauen im Land Juda und auf den Straßen von Jerusalem begangen haben?

10 Sie sind noch nicht gedemütigt[b] bis zum heutigen Tag; sie fürchten sich nicht und wandeln nicht in meinem Gesetz und in meinen Ordnungen, die ich euch und euren Vätern gegeben habe!

11 Darum, so spricht der Herr der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels: Siehe, ich richte mein Angesicht gegen euch zum Unheil, und zwar um ganz Juda auszurotten.

12 Und ich werde den Überrest von Juda hinwegraffen, sie, die ihr Angesicht darauf gerichtet haben, in das Land Ägypten hinzugehen und sich dort als Fremdlinge aufzuhalten. Sie sollen alle im Land Ägypten aufgerieben werden, durchs Schwert fallen, durch Hunger aufgerieben werden, vom Kleinsten bis zum Größten; durch das Schwert oder durch den Hunger sollen sie sterben, und sie sollen zum Fluch, zum Entsetzen, zur Verwünschung und zur Beschimpfung werden!

13 So will ich die, welche im Land Ägypten wohnen, heimsuchen, wie ich Jerusalem mit Schwert, Hungersnot und Pest heimgesucht habe.

14 Und von dem Überrest von Juda, der in das Land Ägypten gekommen ist, um sich dort als Fremdlinge aufzuhalten, wird niemand übrig bleiben noch entkommen, um wieder ins Land Juda zurückzukehren, wie sie sich vorgenommen haben, sich wieder dort anzusiedeln; sie werden nicht zurückkehren, außer einigen Entkommenen!

Das Volk beharrt auf seinen Götzendienst

15 Da antworteten dem Jeremia alle Männer, die wussten, dass ihre Frauen fremden Göttern räucherten, und alle Frauen, die dastanden, eine große Gemeinde, auch das ganze Volk, das im Land Ägypten, in Patros wohnte, und sie sprachen:

16 Was das Wort angeht, das du im Namen des Herrn zu uns geredet hast, so wollen wir nicht auf dich hören;

17 sondern wir wollen gewisslich alles das tun, was wir gelobt haben: Wir wollen der Himmelskönigin räuchern und ihr Trankopfer ausgießen, wie wir, unsere Väter, unsere Könige und unsere Fürsten es in den Städten Judas und auf den Straßen Jerusalems getan haben; damals hatten wir Brot in Fülle, und es ging uns gut, und wir erlebten kein Unheil!

18 Sobald wir aber aufhörten, der Himmelskönigin zu räuchern und Trankopfer auszugießen, hat es uns überall gefehlt, und wir wurden durch Schwert und Hungersnot aufgerieben.

19 Und wenn wir der Himmelskönigin räuchern und Trankopfer ausgießen, tun wir das etwa ohne den Willen unserer Männer, dass wir ihr Kuchen backen, um sie abzubilden, und ihr Trankopfer spenden?

20 Da redete Jeremia zu dem ganzen Volk, zu den Männern und Frauen und zu allen Leuten, die ihm so geantwortet hatten, und sprach:

21 Hat etwa der Herr nicht an das Räuchern gedacht, das ihr und eure Väter und eure Könige und eure Fürsten samt dem Volk des Landes in den Städten Judas und auf den Straßen Jerusalems dargebracht habt? Er hat daran gedacht, und es ist ihm in den Sinn gekommen!

22 Ja, der Herr konnte es nicht länger ertragen, angesichts der Bosheit eurer Taten, angesichts der Gräuel, die ihr verübtet; darum ist euer Land zur Wüste und zum Entsetzen und zum Fluch geworden, unbewohnt, wie es heute der Fall ist.

23 Weil ihr geräuchert und gegen den Herrn gesündigt habt und nicht auf die Stimme des Herrn gehört habt und nicht in seinem Gesetz, in seinen Ordnungen und in seinen Zeugnissen gewandelt seid, deshalb ist euch dieses Unheil begegnet, wie es heute der Fall ist!

24 Weiter sprach Jeremia zu dem ganzen Volk, auch zu allen Frauen: Hört das Wort des Herrn, ihr Juden alle, die ihr im Land Ägypten seid!

25 So spricht der Herr der Heerscharen, der Gott Israels: Ihr und eure Frauen habt mit eurem eigenen Mund gesagt und mit euren eigenen Händen erfüllt, was ihr sagtet: »Wir wollen unbedingt unsere Gelübde erfüllen, die wir der Himmelskönigin gelobt haben, wir wollen ihr räuchern und Trankopfer ausgießen!« Haltet eure Gelübde nur aufrecht und erfüllt doch, was ihr gelobt habt!

26 Darum hört das Wort des Herrn, ihr Juden alle, die ihr im Land Ägypten wohnt: Siehe, ich habe bei meinem großen Namen geschworen, spricht der Herr, dass mein Name nie mehr durch den Mund irgendeines Mannes aus Juda im ganzen Land Ägypten genannt werden soll, sodass einer spräche: So wahr Gott, der Herr, lebt!

27 Siehe, ich werde über sie wachen zum Unheil und nicht zum Guten, und alle Männer von Juda im Land Ägypten sollen durch Schwert und Hunger aufgerieben werden, bis sie vernichtet sind.

28 Es wird zwar ein zählbares Häuflein, die dem Schwert entkommen, aus dem Land Ägypten ins Land Juda zurückkehren; aber der ganze Überrest von Juda, der in das Land Ägypten gekommen ist, um sich dort aufzuhalten, wird erfahren, wessen Wort sich bestätigen wird, das meine oder das ihre!

29 Und das soll für euch das Zeichen sein, spricht der Herr, dass ich euch an diesem Ort heimsuchen werde, und daran könnt ihr erkennen, dass meine Worte sich an euch gewisslich erfüllen werden zum Unheil:

30 So spricht der Herr, siehe, ich will den Pharao Hophra[c], den König von Ägypten, in die Hand seiner Feinde geben und in die Hand derer, die nach seinem Leben trachten, gleichwie ich Zedekia, den König von Juda, in die Hand Nebukadnezars, des Königs von Babel, gegeben habe, der sein Feind war und ihm nach dem Leben trachtete.

Footnotes

  1. (44,1) d.h. im nördlichen Ägypten (Unterägypten) bzw. Nildelta.
  2. (44,10) od. zerbrochen / zerknirscht.
  3. (44,30) Hophra (die hebr. Wiedergabe des ägypt. Namens Haaibre) ist auch unter dem Namen Apries (589-570 v. Chr.) bekannt.

Judgment for Idolatry

44 This is the message Jeremiah received concerning the Judeans living in northern Egypt in the cities of Migdol, Tahpanhes, and Memphis,[a] and in southern Egypt[b] as well: “This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: You saw the calamity I brought on Jerusalem and all the towns of Judah. They now lie deserted and in ruins. They provoked my anger with all their wickedness. They burned incense and worshiped other gods—gods that neither they nor you nor any of your ancestors had ever even known.

“Again and again I sent my servants, the prophets, to plead with them, ‘Don’t do these horrible things that I hate so much.’ But my people would not listen or turn back from their wicked ways. They kept on burning incense to these gods. And so my fury boiled over and fell like fire on the towns of Judah and into the streets of Jerusalem, and they are still a desolate ruin today.

“And now the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, asks you: Why are you destroying yourselves? For not one of you will survive—not a man, woman, or child among you who has come here from Judah, not even the babies in your arms. Why provoke my anger by burning incense to the idols you have made here in Egypt? You will only destroy yourselves and make yourselves an object of cursing and mockery for all the nations of the earth. Have you forgotten the sins of your ancestors, the sins of the kings and queens of Judah, and the sins you and your wives committed in Judah and Jerusalem? 10 To this very hour you have shown no remorse or reverence. No one has chosen to follow my word and the decrees I gave to you and your ancestors before you.

11 “Therefore, this is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: I am determined to destroy every one of you! 12 I will take this remnant of Judah—those who were determined to come here and live in Egypt—and I will consume them. They will fall here in Egypt, killed by war and famine. All will die, from the least to the greatest. They will be an object of damnation, horror, cursing, and mockery. 13 I will punish them in Egypt just as I punished them in Jerusalem, by war, famine, and disease. 14 Of that remnant who fled to Egypt, hoping someday to return to Judah, there will be no survivors. Even though they long to return home, only a handful will do so.”

15 Then all the women present and all the men who knew that their wives had burned incense to idols—a great crowd of all the Judeans living in northern Egypt and southern Egypt[c]—answered Jeremiah, 16 “We will not listen to your messages from the Lord! 17 We will do whatever we want. We will burn incense and pour out liquid offerings to the Queen of Heaven just as much as we like—just as we, and our ancestors, and our kings and officials have always done in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem. For in those days we had plenty to eat, and we were well off and had no troubles! 18 But ever since we quit burning incense to the Queen of Heaven and stopped worshiping her with liquid offerings, we have been in great trouble and have been dying from war and famine.”

19 “Besides,” the women added, “do you suppose that we were burning incense and pouring out liquid offerings to the Queen of Heaven, and making cakes marked with her image, without our husbands knowing it and helping us? Of course not!”

20 Then Jeremiah said to all of them, men and women alike, who had given him that answer, 21 “Do you think the Lord did not know that you and your ancestors, your kings and officials, and all the people were burning incense to idols in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? 22 It was because the Lord could no longer bear all the disgusting things you were doing that he made your land an object of cursing—a desolate ruin without inhabitants—as it is today. 23 All these terrible things happened to you because you have burned incense to idols and sinned against the Lord. You have refused to obey him and have not followed his instructions, his decrees, and his laws.”

24 Then Jeremiah said to them all, including the women, “Listen to this message from the Lord, all you citizens of Judah who live in Egypt. 25 This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: ‘You and your wives have said, “We will keep our promises to burn incense and pour out liquid offerings to the Queen of Heaven,” and you have proved by your actions that you meant it. So go ahead and carry out your promises and vows to her!’

26 “But listen to this message from the Lord, all you Judeans now living in Egypt: ‘I have sworn by my great name,’ says the Lord, ‘that my name will no longer be spoken by any of the Judeans in the land of Egypt. None of you may invoke my name or use this oath: “As surely as the Sovereign Lord lives.” 27 For I will watch over you to bring you disaster and not good. Everyone from Judah who is now living in Egypt will suffer war and famine until all of you are dead. 28 Only a small number will escape death and return to Judah from Egypt. Then all those who came to Egypt will find out whose words are true—mine or theirs!

29 “‘And this is the proof I give you,’ says the Lord, ‘that all I have threatened will happen to you and that I will punish you here.’ 30 This is what the Lord says: ‘I will turn Pharaoh Hophra, king of Egypt, over to his enemies who want to kill him, just as I turned King Zedekiah of Judah over to King Nebuchadnezzar[d] of Babylon.’”

Footnotes

  1. 44:1a Hebrew Noph.
  2. 44:1b Hebrew in Pathros.
  3. 44:15 Hebrew in Egypt, in Pathros.
  4. 44:30 Hebrew Nebuchadrezzar, a variant spelling of Nebuchadnezzar.

The Jews in Egypt Will Be Punished for Their Idolatry

44 The Lord spoke his word to Jeremiah about all the Jews living in Egypt at Migdol, Tahpanhes, Noph, and Pathros. This is what the Lord of Armies, the God of Israel, says: You have seen all the disasters I brought on Jerusalem and on all the cities of Judah. Today they are deserted ruins. It is because their people did evil, and they made me angry. They went to burn incense and serve other gods that neither you nor your ancestors heard of. I have sent my servants the prophets to you again and again to tell you not to do these detestable things that I hate. But you wouldn’t listen or pay attention. You wouldn’t turn from your wicked ways and wouldn’t stop burning incense as an offering to other gods. That is why my fury and anger were poured out and continued to burn in the cities of Judah and on the streets of Jerusalem. So they became the desolate ruin that they are today.

Now, this is what the Lord God of Armies, the God of Israel, says: Why do you bring this terrible disaster on yourselves? Why do you keep destroying men, women, children, and babies from Judah until none are left? Why do you make me angry by burning incense to other gods in Egypt, where you have come to live. You will destroy yourselves and be cursed and ridiculed by all the nations on earth. Have you forgotten the wicked things done by your ancestors, by the kings of Judah and their wives, and by you and your wives in Judah and on the streets of Jerusalem? 10 You have not humbled yourselves even to this day. You haven’t feared me or lived your lives by my teachings or by my decrees that I gave your ancestors.

11 This is what the Lord of Armies, the God of Israel, says: I’m going to bring disaster on you and destroy all of Judah. 12 I will take away from Judah those who are left, those who were determined to go to live in Egypt. They will die in Egypt. All of them, from the least important to the most important, will die in wars or be brought to an end by famines. They will become something cursed, ridiculed, and disgraced. 13 I will punish those living in Egypt as I punished Jerusalem with wars, famines, and plagues. 14 None of the people of Judah who went to live in Egypt will survive or return to Judah, where they long to return and live. Only a few refugees will return there.

15 Then all the men who knew that their wives were burning incense to other gods, all the women who were standing there, and all the people who lived at Pathros in Egypt answered Jeremiah. They said, 16 “We won’t listen to the message that you have spoken to us in the Lord’s name. 17 We will do everything we said we would do. We will burn incense to the queen of heaven and pour out wine offerings to her as our ancestors, our kings, and our officials did in the cities of Judah and on the streets of Jerusalem. We had plenty to eat then, and we lived comfortably and saw no disaster. 18 But since we stopped burning incense to the queen of heaven and pouring out wine offerings to her, we have had nothing but wars and famines.”

19 The women added, “When we burned incense to the queen of heaven, poured out wine offerings to her, and made cakes for her with her image on them, do you think our husbands didn’t approve?”

20 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, both men and women, to everyone who answered him, 21 “Doesn’t the Lord remember that you burned incense in the cities of Judah and on the streets of Jerusalem along with your ancestors, your kings and your officials, and the people in the land? 22 The Lord could no longer bear the wicked and detestable things you did. That is why your land has become something ruined, destroyed, and cursed. No one lives in that land today. 23 You burned incense as offerings to other gods, sinned against the Lord, and wouldn’t obey him. You didn’t live by his teachings, decrees, or written instructions. That is why you have met with this disaster as it is today.”

24 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, including the women, “Listen to the Lord’s word, all you people of Judah who are in Egypt. 25 This is what the Lord of Armies, the God of Israel, says: You and your wives made promises, and you have kept them. You said, ‘We will certainly do what we vow. We will burn incense to the queen of heaven and pour out wine offerings to her.’

“So go ahead. Keep your vows, and do what you vow. 26 But listen to the Lord’s word, all you people of Judah who live in Egypt. ‘I swear by my great name,’ says the Lord, ‘that no one from Judah who lives anywhere in Egypt will ever again call on my name and take the oath, “As the Almighty Lord lives.” 27 I am going to watch over them. I am going to watch over them to bring disasters, not blessings. In Egypt the people from Judah will die in wars and famines until everyone is gone. 28 Those who escape the wars will return to Judah from Egypt. Then all the people of Judah who went to live in Egypt will know whose words have come true, mine or theirs. 29 I will give you this sign,’ declares the Lord. ‘I will punish you in this place so that you will know that my threats of disaster will happen to you. 30 This is what the Lord says: I’m going to hand Pharaoh Hophra, king of Egypt, over to his enemies and to those who want to kill him, just as I handed over King Zedekiah of Judah to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon and to those who wanted to kill him.’ ”

Disaster Because of Idolatry

44 This word came to Jeremiah concerning all the Jews living in Lower Egypt(A)—in Migdol,(B) Tahpanhes(C) and Memphis(D)—and in Upper Egypt:(E) “This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: You saw the great disaster(F) I brought on Jerusalem and on all the towns of Judah.(G) Today they lie deserted and in ruins(H) because of the evil(I) they have done. They aroused my anger(J) by burning incense(K) to and worshiping other gods(L) that neither they nor you nor your ancestors(M) ever knew. Again and again(N) I sent my servants the prophets,(O) who said, ‘Do not do this detestable(P) thing that I hate!’ But they did not listen or pay attention;(Q) they did not turn from their wickedness(R) or stop burning incense(S) to other gods.(T) Therefore, my fierce anger was poured out;(U) it raged against the towns of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem and made them the desolate ruins(V) they are today.

“Now this is what the Lord God Almighty, the God of Israel, says: Why bring such great disaster(W) on yourselves by cutting off from Judah the men and women,(X) the children and infants, and so leave yourselves without a remnant?(Y) Why arouse my anger with what your hands have made,(Z) burning incense(AA) to other gods in Egypt,(AB) where you have come to live?(AC) You will destroy yourselves and make yourselves a curse[a] and an object of reproach(AD) among all the nations on earth. Have you forgotten the wickedness committed by your ancestors(AE) and by the kings(AF) and queens(AG) of Judah and the wickedness committed by you and your wives(AH) in the land of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem?(AI) 10 To this day they have not humbled(AJ) themselves or shown reverence,(AK) nor have they followed my law(AL) and the decrees(AM) I set before you and your ancestors.(AN)

11 “Therefore this is what the Lord Almighty,(AO) the God of Israel, says: I am determined to bring disaster(AP) on you and to destroy all Judah. 12 I will take away the remnant(AQ) of Judah who were determined to go to Egypt to settle there. They will all perish in Egypt; they will fall by the sword or die from famine. From the least to the greatest,(AR) they will die by sword or famine.(AS) They will become a curse and an object of horror, a curse and an object of reproach.(AT) 13 I will punish(AU) those who live in Egypt with the sword,(AV) famine and plague,(AW) as I punished Jerusalem. 14 None of the remnant of Judah who have gone to live in Egypt will escape or survive to return to the land of Judah, to which they long to return and live; none will return except a few fugitives.”(AX)

15 Then all the men who knew that their wives(AY) were burning incense(AZ) to other gods, along with all the women(BA) who were present—a large assembly—and all the people living in Lower and Upper Egypt,(BB) said to Jeremiah, 16 “We will not listen(BC) to the message you have spoken to us in the name of the Lord!(BD) 17 We will certainly do everything we said we would:(BE) We will burn incense(BF) to the Queen of Heaven(BG) and will pour out drink offerings to her just as we and our ancestors, our kings and our officials(BH) did in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem.(BI) At that time we had plenty of food(BJ) and were well off and suffered no harm.(BK) 18 But ever since we stopped burning incense to the Queen of Heaven and pouring out drink offerings(BL) to her, we have had nothing and have been perishing by sword and famine.(BM)

19 The women added, “When we burned incense(BN) to the Queen of Heaven(BO) and poured out drink offerings to her, did not our husbands(BP) know that we were making cakes(BQ) impressed with her image(BR) and pouring out drink offerings to her?”

20 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, both men and women, who were answering him, 21 “Did not the Lord remember(BS) and call to mind the incense(BT) burned in the towns of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem(BU) by you and your ancestors,(BV) your kings and your officials and the people of the land?(BW) 22 When the Lord could no longer endure(BX) your wicked actions and the detestable things you did, your land became a curse(BY) and a desolate waste(BZ) without inhabitants, as it is today.(CA) 23 Because you have burned incense and have sinned against the Lord and have not obeyed him or followed(CB) his law or his decrees(CC) or his stipulations, this disaster(CD) has come upon you, as you now see.”(CE)

24 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, including the women,(CF) “Hear the word of the Lord, all you people of Judah in Egypt.(CG) 25 This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: You and your wives(CH) have done what you said you would do when you promised, ‘We will certainly carry out the vows we made to burn incense and pour out drink offerings to the Queen of Heaven.’(CI)

“Go ahead then, do what you promised! Keep your vows!(CJ) 26 But hear the word of the Lord, all you Jews living in Egypt:(CK) ‘I swear(CL) by my great name,’ says the Lord, ‘that no one from Judah living anywhere in Egypt will ever again invoke my name or swear, “As surely as the Sovereign(CM) Lord lives.”(CN) 27 For I am watching(CO) over them for harm,(CP) not for good; the Jews in Egypt will perish(CQ) by sword and famine(CR) until they are all destroyed.(CS) 28 Those who escape the sword(CT) and return to the land of Judah from Egypt will be very few.(CU) Then the whole remnant(CV) of Judah who came to live in Egypt will know whose word will stand(CW)—mine or theirs.(CX)

29 “‘This will be the sign(CY) to you that I will punish(CZ) you in this place,’ declares the Lord, ‘so that you will know that my threats of harm against you will surely stand.’(DA) 30 This is what the Lord says: ‘I am going to deliver Pharaoh(DB) Hophra king of Egypt into the hands of his enemies who want to kill him, just as I gave Zedekiah(DC) king of Judah into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the enemy who wanted to kill him.’”(DD)

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 44:8 That is, your name will be used in cursing (see 29:22); or, others will see that you are cursed; also in verse 12; similarly in verse 22.