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Ondanks alles wil God graag dat Israël bij Hem terugkomt

De Heer zei: "Als een man zijn vrouw wegstuurt en zij trouwt met een andere man, zal haar eerste man haar dan nog terug willen hebben? Natuurlijk niet. Als zoiets in een land gebeurde, zou dat het land geestelijk bederven.[a] Jij, Israël, hebt heel veel mannen gehad.[b] Toch wil Ik dat je bij Mij terugkomt. Kijk eens rond naar de heuvels om je heen. Wijs er eens één aan waar je níet met een man geslapen hebt?[c] Langs de kant van de weg zat jij als een hoer op mannen te wachten, zoals een Arabier in de woestijn reizigers opwacht om ze te beroven. Je hebt het land bedorven met je ontrouw en je slechtheid. Daarom heb Ik het er voor straf niet meer laten regenen. Daarom is de lenteregen niet gevallen. Maar jij loopt rond als een hoer en je weigert je ervoor te schamen. Je zegt wel: 'U bent mijn Vader. U heeft altijd van mij gehouden. U vergeeft het allemaal wel. U zal vast niet boos blijven.' En intussen doe je steeds ergere dingen."

God noemt Israël 'Wegloopster' en Juda 'Ontrouw'

In de tijd dat koning Josia over Juda regeerde, zei de Heer tegen mij: "Heb je gezien wat Wegloopster (= Israël) gedaan heeft? Ze heeft de gewoonte om op elke hoge berg en onder elke grote boom met mannen naar bed te gaan.[d] Toen ze dat allemaal deed, zei Ik: 'Kom alsjeblieft weer bij Mij terug!' Maar ze kwam niet terug. Haar zus Ontrouw (= Juda) zag dat. Ze zag dat Ik Wegloopster, Israël, een echtscheidings-brief gaf en haar daarmee wegstuurde, omdat ze ontrouw aan Mij was geweest.[e]

Maar Ik merkte dat Juda zich daardoor niet liet afschrikken. Ook zij ging met andere mannen naar bed. Daarmee bedierf ze het land. Want ze was ontrouw aan Mij: ze aanbad goden van steen en hout. 10 Juda deed wel alsof ze bij Mij terugkwam, maar dat waren alleen maar woorden. Haar hart kwam niet bij Mij terug, zegt de Heer."[f]

11 Daarom zei de Heer tegen mij: "Wegloopster Israël was minder schuldig dan Ontrouw Juda.[g] 12 Jeremia, ga nu naar buiten en roep naar het noorden: 'Kom terug bij Mij, weggelopen Israël! De Heer zegt: Ik zal niet meer boos op je zijn. Ik houd van je. Ik zal niet voor altijd boos op je blijven. 13 Geef alleen toe dat je fout was. Geef toe dat je Mij, jouw Heer God, verlaten hebt, en dat je onder elke grote boom andere goden aanbeden hebt. Geef toe dat je niet naar Mij hebt geluisterd, zegt de Heer.' "

God roept het volk Israël op om de andere goden weg te doen

14 De Heer zei: "Kom terug, mijn weggelopen kinderen, zegt de Heer. Want jullie horen bij Mij. Mijn volk, Ik ben met jou getrouwd. Ik zal een heel klein aantal van jullie naar Jeruzalem terugbrengen. Eén uit een hele stad, twee uit een hele familie. 15 Ik zal jullie goede herders geven, herders die jullie leiden zoals Ik het wil. Ze zullen jullie met wijsheid leiden. 16 Ooit zullen jullie weer een groot volk geworden zijn in het land. In die tijd zal er niet meer gesproken worden over de kist van het verbond.[h] Niemand zal er nog aan denken. Niemand zal er nog heen willen gaan. Hij zal vergeten zijn. Daarom zal er ook geen nieuwe kist meer gemaakt worden. 17 In die tijd zal Jeruzalem 'Troon van de Heer' worden genoemd. Alle volken zullen Mij in Jeruzalem komen aanbidden. Ze zullen geen slechte dingen meer doen. 18 In die tijd zal Juda naar Israël gaan. Ze zullen samen uit het land in het noorden terugkomen naar het land dat Ik aan jullie voorouders gegeven heb.

19 Ik was van plan om jou, Israël, een plaats tussen mijn zonen te geven. Ik had je een prachtig land gegeven, het mooiste land dat er is! Ik had gedacht dat je Mij je Vader zou noemen, en dat je altijd bij Mij zou blijven. 20 Maar zoals een vrouw die ontrouw wordt aan haar man, zo ben jij ontrouw aan Mij geworden, zegt de Heer.

21 Hoor! Op de heuvels huilt het volk Israël smekend om hulp. Ze hebben de verkeerde weg gekozen. Ze zijn hun Heer God vergeten. 22 Kom bij Mij terug, mijn weggelopen volk! Ik zal ervoor zorgen dat jullie Mij niet meer verlaten! Jullie zullen antwoorden: 'Hier komen we al! We komen naar U toe, want U bent onze Heer God! 23 We hebben onszelf voor de gek gehouden. Al die goden op de heuvels en de bergen konden ons niet helpen. Alleen onze Heer God kan ons helpen! 24 Die goden hebben onze ouders alles gekost, alles waar ze zo hard voor hebben gewerkt. Hun schapen en koeien, hun zonen en dochters. Ons leven lang hebben we niets meer. 25 We hebben niets meer over. Alleen nog onze schande. Want we hebben verkeerd gedaan tegen onze Heer God. Wij en onze ouders hebben ons hele leven verkeerd tegen U gedaan. We hebben nooit naar U willen luisteren.' " (lees verder)

Footnotes

  1. Jeremia 3:1 Lees Deuteronomium 24:1-4.
  2. Jeremia 3:1 Met 'mannen' worden afgoden bedoeld. God was met het volk Israël 'getrouwd,' maar zijn 'vrouw' ging naar andere mannen: andere goden.
  3. Jeremia 3:2 Op alle heuvels stonden altaren voor andere goden. Daarmee was Israël dus ontrouw aan God.
  4. Jeremia 3:6 Israël en Juda worden hier vergeleken met vrouwen die ontrouw zijn aan hun man. Met de 'andere mannen waarmee ze naar bed gaan', wordt in deze vergelijking het aanbidden van andere goden bedoeld. Want daarmee waren Israël en Juda ontrouw aan God.
  5. Jeremia 3:8 Een vrouw die ontrouw was aan haar man, werd met een echtscheidings-brief weggestuurd. Hier wordt bedoeld dat God de bevolking van het noordelijke koninkrijk Israël gevangen had laten meenemen door de koning van Assur (in 722 vóór het jaar nul). Dat was gebeurd ongeveer 100 jaar voordat Jeremia deze dingen opschreef. Over Gods 'echtscheiding' van het koninkrijk Israël is te lezen in het bijbelboek HOSEA.
  6. Jeremia 3:10 Koning Josia van Juda wilde zelf echt de Heer dienen. Maar het lukte hem niet om de harten van de mensen werkelijk te veranderen zodat ze God weer zouden gaan dienen. Zodra hij gestorven was, gingen de mensen weer andere goden aanbidden. Het verhaal van koning Josia is te lezen in 2 Kronieken 34 en 35.
  7. Jeremia 3:11 Israël kwam gewoon niet bij de Heer terug. Juda dééd alsof ze bij de Heer terugkwam, maar deed dat niet werkelijk. Dat vond de Heer nóg erger.
  8. Jeremia 3:16 Lees Exodus 25:10-22. Die kist had eerst in de tent in de woestijn gestaan, en later in de tempel in Jeruzalem. Het was de plaats waar God 'woonde'.

“If a man divorces(A) his wife
    and she leaves him and marries another man,
should he return to her again?
    Would not the land be completely defiled?(B)
But you have lived as a prostitute with many lovers(C)
    would you now return to me?”(D)
declares the Lord.
“Look up to the barren heights(E) and see.
    Is there any place where you have not been ravished?
By the roadside(F) you sat waiting for lovers,
    sat like a nomad in the desert.
You have defiled the land(G)
    with your prostitution(H) and wickedness.
Therefore the showers have been withheld,(I)
    and no spring rains(J) have fallen.
Yet you have the brazen(K) look of a prostitute;
    you refuse to blush with shame.(L)
Have you not just called to me:
    ‘My Father,(M) my friend from my youth,(N)
will you always be angry?(O)
    Will your wrath continue forever?’
This is how you talk,
    but you do all the evil you can.”

Unfaithful Israel

During the reign of King Josiah,(P) the Lord said to me, “Have you seen what faithless(Q) Israel has done? She has gone up on every high hill and under every spreading tree(R) and has committed adultery(S) there. I thought that after she had done all this she would return to me but she did not, and her unfaithful sister(T) Judah saw it.(U) I gave faithless Israel(V) her certificate of divorce(W) and sent her away because of all her adulteries. Yet I saw that her unfaithful sister Judah had no fear;(X) she also went out and committed adultery. Because Israel’s immorality mattered so little to her, she defiled the land(Y) and committed adultery(Z) with stone(AA) and wood.(AB) 10 In spite of all this, her unfaithful sister Judah did not return(AC) to me with all her heart, but only in pretense,(AD)” declares the Lord.(AE)

11 The Lord said to me, “Faithless Israel is more righteous(AF) than unfaithful(AG) Judah.(AH) 12 Go, proclaim this message toward the north:(AI)

“‘Return,(AJ) faithless(AK) Israel,’ declares the Lord,
    ‘I will frown on you no longer,
for I am faithful,’(AL) declares the Lord,
    ‘I will not be angry(AM) forever.
13 Only acknowledge(AN) your guilt—
    you have rebelled against the Lord your God,
you have scattered your favors to foreign gods(AO)
    under every spreading tree,(AP)
    and have not obeyed(AQ) me,’”
declares the Lord.

14 “Return,(AR) faithless people,” declares the Lord, “for I am your husband.(AS) I will choose you—one from a town and two from a clan—and bring you to Zion. 15 Then I will give you shepherds(AT) after my own heart,(AU) who will lead you with knowledge and understanding. 16 In those days, when your numbers have increased greatly in the land,” declares the Lord, “people will no longer say, ‘The ark(AV) of the covenant of the Lord.’ It will never enter their minds or be remembered;(AW) it will not be missed, nor will another one be made. 17 At that time they will call Jerusalem The Throne(AX) of the Lord, and all nations(AY) will gather in Jerusalem to honor(AZ) the name of the Lord. No longer will they follow the stubbornness of their evil hearts.(BA) 18 In those days the people of Judah will join the people of Israel,(BB) and together(BC) they will come from a northern(BD) land to the land(BE) I gave your ancestors as an inheritance.

19 “I myself said,

“‘How gladly would I treat you like my children
    and give you a pleasant land,(BF)
    the most beautiful inheritance(BG) of any nation.’
I thought you would call me ‘Father’(BH)
    and not turn away from following me.
20 But like a woman unfaithful to her husband,
    so you, Israel, have been unfaithful(BI) to me,”
declares the Lord.

21 A cry is heard on the barren heights,(BJ)
    the weeping(BK) and pleading of the people of Israel,
because they have perverted their ways
    and have forgotten(BL) the Lord their God.

22 “Return,(BM) faithless people;
    I will cure(BN) you of backsliding.”(BO)

“Yes, we will come to you,
    for you are the Lord our God.
23 Surely the idolatrous commotion on the hills(BP)
    and mountains is a deception;
surely in the Lord our God
    is the salvation(BQ) of Israel.
24 From our youth shameful(BR) gods have consumed
    the fruits of our ancestors’ labor—
their flocks and herds,
    their sons and daughters.
25 Let us lie down in our shame,(BS)
    and let our disgrace cover us.
We have sinned(BT) against the Lord our God,
    both we and our ancestors;(BU)
from our youth(BV) till this day
    we have not obeyed(BW) the Lord our God.”

Israel Is Shameless

“They say, ‘If a man divorces his wife,
And she goes from him
And becomes another man’s,
(A)May he return to her again?’
Would not that (B)land be greatly polluted?
But you have (C)played the harlot with many lovers;
(D)Yet return to Me,” says the Lord.

“Lift up your eyes to (E)the desolate heights and see:
Where have you not [a]lain with men?
(F)By the road you have sat for them
Like an Arabian in the wilderness;
(G)And you have polluted the land
With your harlotries and your wickedness.
Therefore the (H)showers have been withheld,
And there has been no latter rain.
You have had a (I)harlot’s forehead;
You refuse to be ashamed.
Will you not from this time cry to Me,
‘My Father, You are (J)the guide of (K)my youth?
(L)Will He remain angry forever?
Will He keep it to the end?’
Behold, you have spoken and done evil things,
As you were able.”

A Call to Repentance

The Lord said also to me in the days of Josiah the king: “Have you seen what (M)backsliding Israel has done? She has (N)gone up on every high mountain and under every green tree, and there played the harlot. (O)And I said, after she had done all these things, ‘Return to Me.’ But she did not return. And her treacherous (P)sister Judah saw it. Then I saw that (Q)for all the causes for which backsliding Israel had committed adultery, I had (R)put her away and given her a certificate of divorce; (S)yet her treacherous sister Judah did not fear, but went and played the harlot also. So it came to pass, through her casual harlotry, that she (T)defiled the land and committed adultery with (U)stones and trees. 10 And yet for all this her treacherous sister Judah has not turned to Me (V)with her whole heart, but in pretense,” says the Lord.

11 Then the Lord said to me, (W)“Backsliding Israel has shown herself more righteous than treacherous Judah. 12 Go and proclaim these words toward (X)the north, and say:

‘Return, backsliding Israel,’ says the Lord;
‘I will not cause My anger to fall on you.
For I am (Y)merciful,’ says the Lord;
‘I will not remain angry forever.
13 (Z)Only acknowledge your iniquity,
That you have transgressed against the Lord your God,
And have (AA)scattered your [b]charms
To (AB)alien deities (AC)under every green tree,
And you have not obeyed My voice,’ says the Lord.

14 “Return, O backsliding children,” says the Lord; (AD)“for I am married to you. I will take you, (AE)one from a city and two from a family, and I will bring you to (AF)Zion. 15 And I will give you (AG)shepherds according to My heart, who will (AH)feed you with knowledge and understanding.

16 “Then it shall come to pass, when you are multiplied and (AI)increased in the land in those days,” says the Lord, “that they will say no more, ‘The ark of the covenant of the Lord.’ (AJ)It shall not come to mind, nor shall they remember it, nor shall they visit it, nor shall it be made anymore.

17 “At that time Jerusalem shall be called The Throne of the Lord, and all the nations shall be gathered to it, (AK)to the name of the Lord, to Jerusalem. No more shall they (AL)follow[c] the dictates of their evil hearts.

18 “In those days (AM)the house of Judah shall walk with the house of Israel, and they shall come together out of the land of (AN)the north to (AO)the land that I have given as an inheritance to your fathers.

19 “But I said:

‘How can I put you among the children
And give you (AP)a pleasant land,
A beautiful heritage of the hosts of nations?’

“And I said:

‘You shall call Me, (AQ)“My Father,”
And not turn away from Me.’
20 Surely, as a wife treacherously departs from her [d]husband,
So (AR)have you dealt treacherously with Me,
O house of Israel,” says the Lord.

21 A voice was heard on (AS)the desolate heights,
Weeping and supplications of the children of Israel.
For they have perverted their way;
They have forgotten the Lord their God.

22 “Return, you backsliding children,
And I will (AT)heal your backslidings.”

“Indeed we do come to You,
For You are the Lord our God.
23 (AU)Truly, in vain is salvation hoped for from the hills,
And from the multitude of mountains;
(AV)Truly, in the Lord our God
Is the salvation of Israel.
24 (AW)For shame has devoured
The labor of our fathers from our youth—
Their flocks and their herds,
Their sons and their daughters.
25 We lie down in our shame,
And our [e]reproach covers us.
(AX)For we have sinned against the Lord our God,
We and our fathers,
From our youth even to this day,
And (AY)have not obeyed the voice of the Lord our God.”

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 3:2 Kt. been violated
  2. Jeremiah 3:13 Lit. ways
  3. Jeremiah 3:17 walk after the stubbornness or imagination
  4. Jeremiah 3:20 Lit. companion
  5. Jeremiah 3:25 disgrace

(A)“If[a] a man divorces his wife
    and she goes from him
and becomes another man's wife,
    will he return to her?
(B)Would not that land be greatly polluted?
(C)You have played the whore with many lovers;
    and would you return to me?
declares the Lord.
Lift up your eyes to (D)the bare heights, and see!
    Where have you not been ravished?
(E)By the waysides you have sat awaiting lovers
    like an Arab in the wilderness.
(F)You have polluted the land
    with your vile whoredom.
(G)Therefore the showers have been withheld,
    and the spring rain has not come;
yet you have (H)the forehead of a whore;
    you refuse to be ashamed.
Have you not just now (I)called to me,
    ‘My father, you are the friend of my youth—
(J)will he be angry forever,
    will he be indignant to the end?’
Behold, you have spoken,
    but you have done all the evil that you could.”

Faithless Israel Called to Repentance

The Lord said to me in the days of (K)King Josiah: “Have you seen what she did, that faithless one, Israel, (L)how she went up on every high hill and under every green tree, and there (M)played the whore? And I thought, ‘After she has done all this she will return to me,’ but she did not return, and her treacherous (N)sister Judah saw it. She saw that for all the adulteries of that faithless one, Israel, (O)I had sent her away with (P)a decree of divorce. (Q)Yet her treacherous sister Judah did not fear, but she too went (R)and played the whore. Because she took her whoredom lightly, she polluted the land, committing adultery with (S)stone and tree. 10 Yet for all this her treacherous sister Judah did not return to me (T)with her whole heart, but in pretense, declares the Lord.”

11 And the Lord said to me, (U)“Faithless Israel has shown herself more righteous than treacherous Judah. 12 Go, and proclaim these words toward (V)the north, and say,

(W)“‘Return, faithless Israel,
declares the Lord.
I will not look on you in anger,
    for (X)I am merciful,
declares the Lord;
(Y)I will not be angry forever.
13 (Z)Only acknowledge your guilt,
    that you rebelled against the Lord your God
and scattered your favors among foreigners under (AA)every green tree,
    and that you have not obeyed my voice,
declares the Lord.
14 (AB)Return, O faithless children,
declares the Lord;
    (AC)for I am your master;
I will take you, one from a city and two from a family,
    and I will bring you to Zion.

15 “‘And (AD)I will give you shepherds after my own heart, (AE)who will feed you with knowledge and understanding. 16 And when you have multiplied and been fruitful in the land, in those days, declares the Lord, they shall no more say, “The ark of the covenant of the Lord.” It shall not come to mind or be remembered or missed; it shall not be made again. 17 At that time Jerusalem shall be called the throne of the Lord, (AF)and all nations shall gather to it, (AG)to the presence of the Lord in Jerusalem, and they shall no more stubbornly follow their own evil heart. 18 (AH)In those days the house of Judah shall join the house of Israel, and together they shall come from the land (AI)of the north to (AJ)the land that I gave your fathers for a heritage.

19 “‘I said,
    How I would set you among my sons,
and give you a pleasant land,
    a heritage most beautiful of all nations.
And I thought you would (AK)call me, My Father,
    and would not turn from following me.
20 (AL)Surely, as a treacherous wife leaves her husband,
    so have you been treacherous to me, O house of Israel,
declares the Lord.’”

21 A voice on the (AM)bare heights is heard,
    (AN)the weeping and pleading of Israel's sons
because they have perverted their way;
    they have forgotten the Lord their God.
22 (AO)“Return, O faithless sons;
    (AP)I will heal your faithlessness.”
“Behold, we come to you,
    for you are the Lord our God.
23 Truly (AQ)the hills are a delusion,
    the orgies[b] on the mountains.
(AR)Truly in the Lord our God
    is the salvation of Israel.

24 “But from our youth the shameful thing has devoured all for which our fathers labored, their flocks and their herds, their sons and their daughters. 25 (AS)Let us lie down in our shame, and let our dishonor cover us. For (AT)we have sinned against the Lord our God, we and our fathers, from our youth even to this day, and we have not obeyed the voice of the Lord our God.”

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 3:1 Septuagint, Syriac; Hebrew Saying, “If
  2. Jeremiah 3:23 Hebrew commotion