James 2
Mounce Reverse Interlinear New Testament
2 My egō brothers adelphos, stop mē showing echō favoritism prosōpolēmpsia as you live out en your ho faith pistis in ho our hēmeis glorious doxa Lord kyrios Jesus Iēsous Christ Christos. · ho 2 For gar if ean a man anēr comes eiserchomai into eis your hymeis congregation synagōgē wearing a gold ring chrysodaktylios and en fine lampros clothes esthēs, and de a poor man ptōchos in en dirty rhyparos clothes esthēs also kai comes in eiserchomai, 3 and de you pay special attention epiblepō to epi the ho one wearing phoreō the ho fine lampros clothes esthēs · ho and kai say legō, “ You sy sit kathēmai here hōde in a good place kalōs,” but kai to the ho poor ptōchos man you say legō, “ You sy stand histēmi over there ekei, or ē sit kathēmai down here at hypo · ho my egō feet hypopodion,” 4 have you not ou made distinctions diakrinō among en yourselves heautou and kai become ginomai judges kritēs with evil ponēros motives dialogismos? 5 Listen akouō, my egō dear agapētos brothers adelphos! Did not ou · ho God theos choose eklegomai those ho whom the ho world kosmos considers poor ptōchos to be rich plousios in en faith pistis and kai to inherit klēronomos the ho kingdom basileia, which hos he promised epangellomai to those ho who love agapaō him autos? 6 But de you hymeis have dishonored atimazō the ho poor ptōchos! Is it not ou the ho rich plousios who oppress katadynasteuō you hymeis? And kai are not they autos the ones who drag you hymeis into eis court kritērion? 7 Are they autos not ou the ones who are blaspheming blasphēmeō the ho honorable kalos name onoma by which ho you hymeis were called epikaleō? 8 If ei you teleō really mentoi fulfill teleō the royal basilikos law nomos as set forth in kata this ho scripture graphē, “ You shall love agapaō · ho your sy neighbor plēsion as hōs yourself seautou,” you are doing poieō well kalōs. 9 But de if ei you show favoritism prosōpolēmpteō, you are committing ergazomai sin hamartia and are convicted elenchō by hypo the ho law nomos as hōs transgressors parabatēs. 10 For gar whoever hostis keeps tēreō the ho entire holos law nomos yet de fails ptaiō at en a single point heis has become ginomai guilty enochos of the law as a whole pas. 11 For gar he ho who said legō, “ Do not mē commit adultery moicheuō,” also kai said legō, “ Do not mē commit murder phoneuō.” Now de if ei you do not ou commit adultery moicheuō but de do commit murder phoneuō, you have become ginomai a transgressor parabatēs of the law nomos. 12 So houtōs speak laleō and kai so houtōs act poieō as hōs those who are mellō to be judged krinō by dia the law nomos that brings freedom eleutheria. 13 · ho For gar judgment krisis will be without mercy aneleos for one ho who has shown poieō no mē mercy eleos; mercy eleos triumphs katakauchaomai over judgment krisis.
14 What tis · ho good ophelos is it, my egō brothers adelphos, if ean someone tis claims legō to have echō faith pistis but de has echō no mē works ergon? Can dynamai that kind of ho faith pistis save sōzō him autos? 15 If ean a brother adelphos or ē sister adelphē lacks hyparchō adequate clothing gymnos and kai is in need leipō of ho daily ephēmeros food trophē, 16 and de one tis of ek you hymeis says legō to them autos, “ Go hypagō in en peace eirēnē; stay warm thermainō and kai eat your fill chortazō,” and yet de you do not mē give didōmi them autos what ho their ho body sōma needs epitēdeios, what tis · ho good ophelos is that? 17 In the same way houtōs · kai · ho faith pistis, if ean it has echō no mē works ergon, is eimi dead nekros, since it is by kata itself heautou. 18 But alla someone tis will say legō, “ You sy have echō faith pistis and I kagō have echō works ergon.” Show deiknymi me egō · ho your sy faith pistis without chōris · ho works ergon, and I kagō will show deiknymi you sy my ho faith pistis by ek · ho my egō works ergon. 19 You sy believe pisteuō that hoti God theos is eimi one heis; · ho you do poieō well kalōs. Even kai the ho demons daimonion believe pisteuō, and kai shudder phrissō.
20 Would you like thelō · de to be shown ginōskō, you ō shallow kenos person anthrōpos, that hoti · ho faith pistis without chōris · ho works ergon is eimi useless argos? 21 Was dikaioō not ou Abraham Abraam · ho our hēmeis father patēr justified dikaioō by ek works ergon when he offered anapherō his autos son hyios Isaac Isaak · ho on epi the ho altar thusiastērion? 22 You see blepō that hoti · ho faith pistis was at work along with synergeō · ho his autos works ergon and kai that his ho faith pistis was made complete teleioō by ek his ho works ergon. 23 And kai the ho scripture graphē was fulfilled plēroō that ho says legō, “ And de Abraham Abraam believed pisteuō · ho God theos, and kai it was credited logizomai to him autos as eis righteousness dikaiosynē,” and kai he was called kaleō the friend philos of God theos. 24 You see horaō that hoti a person anthrōpos is justified dikaioō by ek works ergon and kai not ou by ek faith pistis alone monon. 25 And de in the same way homoiōs was dikaioō not ou also kai Rahab Rhaab the ho harlot pornē justified dikaioō by ek works ergon when she took in hypodechomai the ho spies angelos and kai sent ekballō them out ekballō by another heteros way hodos? 26 For gar just as hōsper the ho body sōma without chōris the spirit pneuma is eimi dead nekros, so houtōs also kai · ho faith pistis devoid chōris of works ergon is eimi dead nekros.
James 2
New English Translation
Prejudice and the Law of Love
2 My brothers and sisters,[a] do not show prejudice[b] if you possess faith[c] in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ.[d] 2 For if someone[e] comes into your assembly[f] wearing a gold ring and fine clothing, and a poor person enters in filthy clothes, 3 do you pay attention to the one who is finely dressed and say,[g] “You sit here in a good place,”[h] and to the poor person, “You stand over there,” or “Sit on the floor”?[i] 4 If so, have you not made distinctions[j] among yourselves and become judges with evil motives?[k] 5 Listen, my dear brothers and sisters![l] Did not God choose the poor in the world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom that he promised to those who love him? 6 But you have dishonored the poor![m] Are not the rich oppressing you and dragging you into the courts? 7 Do they not blaspheme the good name of the one you belong to?[n] 8 But if you fulfill the royal law as expressed in this scripture,[o] “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,”[p] you are doing well. 9 But if you show prejudice, you are committing sin and are convicted by the law as violators.[q] 10 For the one who obeys the whole law but fails[r] in one point has become guilty of all of it.[s] 11 For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,”[t] also said, “Do not murder.”[u] Now if you do not commit adultery but do commit murder, you have become a violator of the law. 12 Speak and act as those who will be judged by a law that gives freedom.[v] 13 For judgment is merciless for the one who has shown no mercy. But mercy triumphs over[w] judgment.
Faith and Works Together
14 What good is it, my brothers and sisters,[x] if someone claims to have faith but does not have works? Can this kind of faith[y] save him?[z] 15 If a brother or sister[aa] is poorly clothed and lacks daily food, 16 and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, keep warm and eat well,” but you do not give them what the body needs,[ab] what good is it? 17 So also faith, if it does not have works, is dead being by itself. 18 But someone will say, “You have faith and I have works.”[ac] Show me your faith without works and I will show you faith by[ad] my works. 19 You believe that God is one; well and good.[ae] Even the demons believe that—and tremble with fear.[af]
20 But would you like evidence,[ag] you empty fellow,[ah] that faith without works is useless?[ai] 21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar? 22 You see that his faith was working together with his works and his faith was perfected by works. 23 And the scripture was fulfilled that says, “Now Abraham believed God and it was counted to him for righteousness,”[aj] and he was called God’s friend.[ak] 24 You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone. 25 And similarly, was not Rahab the prostitute also justified by works when she welcomed the messengers and sent them out by another way? 26 For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so also faith without works is dead.
Footnotes
- James 2:1 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2.
- James 2:1 tn Or “partiality.”
- James 2:1 tn Grk “do not have faith with personal prejudice,” with emphasis on the last phrase.
- James 2:1 tn Grk “our Lord Jesus Christ of glory.” Here δόξης (doxēs) has been translated as an attributive genitive.
- James 2:2 tn The word for “man” or “individual” here is ἀνήρ (anēr), which often means “male” or “man (as opposed to woman).” But as BDAG 79 s.v. 2 says, “equivalent to τὶς someone.”
- James 2:2 tn Grk “synagogue.” Usually συναγωγή refers to Jewish places of worship (e.g., Matt 4:23, Mark 1:21, Luke 4:15, John 6:59). The word can be used generally to refer to a place of assembly, and here it refers specifically to a Christian assembly (BDAG 963 s.v. 2.b.).
- James 2:3 tn Grk “and you pay attention…and say,” continuing the “if” clauses from v. 2. In the Greek text, vv. 2-4 form one long sentence.
- James 2:3 tn Or “sit here, please.”
- James 2:3 tn Grk “sit under my footstool.” The words “on the floor” have been supplied in the translation to clarify for the modern reader the undesirability of this seating arrangement (so also TEV, NIV, CEV, NLT). Another option followed by a number of translations is to replace “under my footstool” with “at my feet” (NAB, NIV, NRSV).
- James 2:4 tn Grk “have you not made distinctions” (as the conclusion to the series of “if” clauses in vv. 2-3).
- James 2:4 tn Grk “judges of evil reasonings.”
- James 2:5 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2.
- James 2:6 tn This is singular: “the poor person,” perhaps referring to the hypothetical one described in vv. 2-3.
- James 2:7 tn Grk “that was invoked over you,” referring to their baptism in which they confessed their faith in Christ and were pronounced to be his own. To have the Lord’s name “named over them” is OT imagery for the Lord’s ownership of his people (cf. 2 Chr 7:14; Amos 9:12; Isa 63:19; Jer 14:9; 15:16; Dan 9:19; Acts 15:17).
- James 2:8 tn Grk “according to the scripture.”
- James 2:8 sn A quotation from Lev 19:18 (also quoted in Matt 19:19; 22:39; Mark 12:31; Luke 10:27; Rom 13:9; Gal 5:14).
- James 2:9 tn Or “transgressors.”
- James 2:10 tn Or “stumbles.”
- James 2:10 tn Grk “guilty of all.”
- James 2:11 sn A quotation from Exod 20:14 and Deut 5:18.
- James 2:11 sn A quotation from Exod 20:13 and Deut 5:17.
- James 2:12 tn Grk “a law of freedom.”
- James 2:13 tn Grk “boasts against, exults over,” in victory.
- James 2:14 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2.
- James 2:14 tn Grk “the faith,” referring to the kind of faith just described: faith without works. The article here is anaphoric, referring to the previous mention of the noun πίστις (pistis) in the verse. See ExSyn 219.
- James 2:14 sn The form of the question in Greek expects a negative answer.
- James 2:15 tn It is important to note that the words ἀδελφός (adelphos) and ἀδελφή (adelphē) both occur in the Greek text at this point, confirming that the author intended to refer to both men and women. See the note on “someone” in 2:2.
- James 2:16 tn Grk “what is necessary for the body.”
- James 2:18 tn There is considerable doubt about where the words of the “someone” end and where James’ reply begins. Some see the quotation running to the end of v. 18; others to the end of v. 19. But most punctuate as shown above. The “someone” is then an objector, and the sense of his words is something like, “Some have faith; others have works; don’t expect everyone to have both.” James’ reply is that faith cannot exist or be seen without works.
- James 2:18 tn Or “from.”
- James 2:19 tn Grk “you do well.”
- James 2:19 tn Grk “believe and tremble.” The words “with fear” are implied.
- James 2:20 tn Grk “do you want to know.”
- James 2:20 tn Grk “O empty man.” Here the singular vocative ἄνθρωπε (anthrōpe, “man”) means “person” or even “fellow.” Cf. BDAG 82 s.v. ἄνθρωπος 8 which views this as an instance of rhetorical address in a letter; the pejorative sense is also discussed under the previous heading (7).
- James 2:20 tc Most witnesses, including several significant ones (א A C2 P Ψ 5 33 81 436 442 1611 1735 1852 2344 2492 M al sy bo), have νεκρά (nekra, “dead”) here, while P74 reads κενή (kenē, “empty”). Both variants are most likely secondary, derived from ἀργή (argē, “useless”). The reading of the majority is probably an assimilation to the statements in vv. 17 and 26, while P74’s reading picks up on κενέ (kene) earlier in the verse. The external evidence (B C* 323 945 1175 1243 1739 sa) for ἀργή is sufficient for authenticity; coupled with the strong internal evidence for the reading (if νεκρά were original, how would ἀργή have arisen here and not in vv. 17 or 26?), it is strongly preferred.
- James 2:23 sn A quotation from Gen 15:6.
- James 2:23 sn An allusion to 2 Chr 20:7; Isa 41:8; 51:2; Dan 3:35 (LXX), in which Abraham is called God’s “beloved.”
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