Woe to the Leaders of Ephraim and Judah

28 Woe(A) to that wreath, the pride of Ephraim’s(B) drunkards,
    to the fading flower, his glorious beauty,
set on the head of a fertile valley(C)
    to that city, the pride of those laid low by wine!(D)
See, the Lord has one who is powerful(E) and strong.
    Like a hailstorm(F) and a destructive wind,(G)
like a driving rain and a flooding(H) downpour,
    he will throw it forcefully to the ground.
That wreath, the pride of Ephraim’s(I) drunkards,
    will be trampled(J) underfoot.
That fading flower, his glorious beauty,
    set on the head of a fertile valley,(K)
will be like figs(L) ripe before harvest—
    as soon as people see them and take them in hand,
    they swallow them.

In that day(M) the Lord Almighty
    will be a glorious(N) crown,(O)
a beautiful wreath
    for the remnant(P) of his people.
He will be a spirit of justice(Q)
    to the one who sits in judgment,(R)
a source of strength
    to those who turn back the battle(S) at the gate.

And these also stagger(T) from wine(U)
    and reel(V) from beer:
Priests(W) and prophets(X) stagger from beer
    and are befuddled with wine;
they reel from beer,
    they stagger when seeing visions,(Y)
    they stumble when rendering decisions.
All the tables are covered with vomit(Z)
    and there is not a spot without filth.

“Who is it he is trying to teach?(AA)
    To whom is he explaining his message?(AB)
To children weaned(AC) from their milk,(AD)
    to those just taken from the breast?
10 For it is:
    Do this, do that,
    a rule for this, a rule for that[a];
    a little here, a little there.(AE)

11 Very well then, with foreign lips and strange tongues(AF)
    God will speak to this people,(AG)
12 to whom he said,
    “This is the resting place, let the weary rest”;(AH)
and, “This is the place of repose”—
    but they would not listen.
13 So then, the word of the Lord to them will become:
    Do this, do that,
    a rule for this, a rule for that;
    a little here, a little there(AI)
so that as they go they will fall backward;
    they will be injured(AJ) and snared and captured.(AK)

14 Therefore hear the word of the Lord,(AL) you scoffers(AM)
    who rule this people in Jerusalem.
15 You boast, “We have entered into a covenant with death,(AN)
    with the realm of the dead we have made an agreement.
When an overwhelming scourge sweeps by,(AO)
    it cannot touch us,
for we have made a lie(AP) our refuge
    and falsehood[b] our hiding place.(AQ)

16 So this is what the Sovereign Lord says:

“See, I lay a stone in Zion,(AR) a tested stone,(AS)
    a precious cornerstone for a sure foundation;(AT)
the one who relies on it
    will never be stricken with panic.(AU)
17 I will make justice(AV) the measuring line
    and righteousness the plumb line;(AW)
hail(AX) will sweep away your refuge, the lie,
    and water will overflow(AY) your hiding place.
18 Your covenant with death will be annulled;
    your agreement with the realm of the dead will not stand.(AZ)
When the overwhelming scourge sweeps by,(BA)
    you will be beaten down(BB) by it.
19 As often as it comes it will carry you away;(BC)
    morning after morning,(BD) by day and by night,
    it will sweep through.”

The understanding of this message
    will bring sheer terror.(BE)
20 The bed is too short to stretch out on,
    the blanket too narrow to wrap around you.(BF)
21 The Lord will rise up as he did at Mount Perazim,(BG)
    he will rouse himself as in the Valley of Gibeon(BH)
to do his work,(BI) his strange work,
    and perform his task, his alien task.
22 Now stop your mocking,(BJ)
    or your chains will become heavier;
the Lord, the Lord Almighty, has told me
    of the destruction decreed(BK) against the whole land.(BL)

23 Listen(BM) and hear my voice;
    pay attention and hear what I say.
24 When a farmer plows for planting,(BN) does he plow continually?
    Does he keep on breaking up and working the soil?
25 When he has leveled the surface,
    does he not sow caraway and scatter cumin?(BO)
Does he not plant wheat in its place,[c]
    barley(BP) in its plot,[d]
    and spelt(BQ) in its field?
26 His God instructs him
    and teaches(BR) him the right way.

27 Caraway is not threshed(BS) with a sledge,(BT)
    nor is the wheel of a cart rolled over cumin;
caraway is beaten out with a rod,(BU)
    and cumin with a stick.
28 Grain must be ground to make bread;
    so one does not go on threshing it forever.
The wheels of a threshing cart(BV) may be rolled over it,
    but one does not use horses to grind grain.
29 All this also comes from the Lord Almighty,
    whose plan is wonderful,(BW)
    whose wisdom is magnificent.(BX)

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 28:10 Hebrew / sav lasav sav lasav / kav lakav kav lakav (probably meaningless sounds mimicking the prophet’s words); also in verse 13
  2. Isaiah 28:15 Or false gods
  3. Isaiah 28:25 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  4. Isaiah 28:25 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.

Judgment on Ephraim and Jerusalem

28 Ah, the proud crown of (A)the drunkards of Ephraim,
    and the fading flower of its glorious beauty,
    which is on the head of the rich valley of those overcome with wine!
Behold, the Lord has (B)one who is mighty and strong;
    like a storm of hail, a destroying tempest,
like (C)a storm of mighty, overflowing waters,
    he casts down to the earth with his hand.
(D)The proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim
    will be trodden underfoot;
(E)and the fading flower of its glorious beauty,
    which is on the head of the rich valley,
will be like (F)a first-ripe fig[a] before the summer:
    when someone sees it, he swallows it
    as soon as it is in his hand.

(G)In that day the Lord of hosts will be a crown of glory,[b]
    and a diadem of beauty, to the remnant of his people,
and (H)a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment,
    and (I)strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.

(J)These also reel with wine
    and (K)stagger with strong drink;
the priest and (L)the prophet reel with strong drink,
    they are swallowed by[c] wine,
    they stagger with strong drink,
they reel in vision,
    they stumble in giving judgment.
For all tables are full of filthy vomit,
    with no space left.

(M)“To whom will he teach knowledge,
    and to whom will he explain the message?
Those who are weaned from the milk,
    those taken from the breast?
10 For it is precept upon precept, precept upon precept,
    line upon line, line upon line,
    here a little, there a little.”

11 (N)For by people of strange lips
    and with a foreign tongue
the Lord will speak to this people,
12     to whom he has said,
(O)“This is rest;
    give rest to the weary;
and this is repose”;
    yet they would not hear.
13 And the word of the Lord will be to them
precept upon precept, precept upon precept,
    line upon line, line upon line,
    here a little, there a little,
(P)that they may go, and fall backward,
    and be broken, and snared, and taken.

A Cornerstone in Zion

14 Therefore hear the word of the Lord, you (Q)scoffers,
    who rule this people in Jerusalem!
15 Because you have said, “We have made a covenant with death,
    and with Sheol we have an agreement,
when the (R)overwhelming whip passes through
    it will not come to us,
for we have made (S)lies our refuge,
    and in falsehood we have taken shelter”;
16 therefore thus says the Lord God,
(T)“Behold, I am the one who has laid[d] as a foundation (U)in Zion,
    a stone, a tested stone,
a precious cornerstone, of a sure foundation:
    ‘Whoever believes will not be in haste.’
17 And I will make justice (V)the line,
    and righteousness (W)the plumb line;
and hail will sweep away the refuge of lies,
    and waters will overwhelm the shelter.”
18 Then (X)your covenant with death will be annulled,
    and your agreement with Sheol will not stand;
when the overwhelming scourge passes through,
    you will be beaten down by it.
19 As often as it passes through it will take you;
    (Y)for morning by morning it will pass through,
    by day and by night;
and it will be (Z)sheer terror to understand the message.
20 For the bed is too short to stretch oneself on,
    and the covering too narrow to wrap oneself in.
21 For the Lord will rise up (AA)as on Mount Perazim;
    (AB)as in the Valley of (AC)Gibeon he will be roused;
to do his deed—strange is his deed!
    and to work his work—alien is his work!
22 Now therefore do not (AD)scoff,
    lest your bonds be made strong;
for I have heard (AE)a decree of destruction
    from the Lord God of hosts against the whole land.

23 Give ear, and hear my voice;
    give attention, and hear my speech.
24 Does he who plows for sowing plow continually?
    Does he continually open and harrow his ground?
25 (AF)When he has leveled its surface,
    does he not scatter dill, sow cumin,
and put in wheat in rows
    and barley in its proper place,
    and emmer[e] as the border?
26 (AG)For he is rightly instructed;
    his God teaches him.

27 Dill is not threshed with a threshing sledge,
    nor is a cart wheel rolled over cumin,
but dill is beaten out with a stick,
    and cumin with a rod.
28 Does one crush grain for bread?
    No, he does not thresh it forever;[f]
when he drives his cart wheel over it
    with his horses, he does not crush it.
29 This also comes from the Lord of hosts;
    he is (AH)wonderful in counsel
    and excellent in wisdom.

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 28:4 Or fruit
  2. Isaiah 28:5 The Hebrew words for glory and hosts sound alike
  3. Isaiah 28:7 Or confused by
  4. Isaiah 28:16 Dead Sea Scroll I am laying
  5. Isaiah 28:25 A type of wheat
  6. Isaiah 28:28 Or Grain is crushed for bread; he will surely thresh it, but not forever

En domsprofeti over Samaria og Jerusalem

28 Ve dig, Samaria, du stolte by, der sidder som en krone på toppen af højen i den frugtbare dal, hvor Nordrigets ledere ligger slået omkuld af vin. Den smukke krone bliver til en krans af visne blomster. Herren sender en stærk og mægtig hær imod dig. Som et haglvejr og en frygtelig storm, som skybrud og styrtregn vil de komme over dig og slå dig til jorden. Du stolte by, hjemsted for Nordrigets fordrukne ledere, du bliver kastet til jorden og trampet ned under fjendernes fødder. Den smukke krone på højen i den frugtbare dal skal forsvinde som en tidligt modnet figen, man grådigt plukker og spiser.

Engang skal Herren, den Almægtige, blive en herlig krone, en smuk krans på hovedet af den rest, der er tilbage af hans folk. Han vil inspirere dommerne til at dømme retfærdigt og give styrke til dem, som slår fjenderne tilbage ved byens porte.

Men endnu ledes landet af fulde folk. Præster og profeter raver sanseløse omkring uden dømmekraft og visioner for folket. De er berusede, når de ser deres syner, og omtågede, når de afsiger deres domme. Deres borde er fulde af bræk, der er svineri overalt.

Hvem kan Herren give kundskab? Hvem kan han betro et budskab? Børn, som lige er vænnet fra? Spædbørn, som netop er taget fra brystet? 10 Det vil blot blive opfattet som usammenhængende vrøvl og tåbeligheder.[a] 11 Herren vil tale til sit folk gennem fremmede sprog og andre tungemål. 12 Han fortalte dem, hvor de kunne finde hvile og fred, men de ville ikke høre efter. 13 Derfor lyder Herrens ord for dem som usammenhængende vrøvl og tåbeligheder. Resultatet bliver, at de snubler og falder, slår sig til blods og føres bort som fanger.

14 Hør nu Herrens ord, I gudløse ledere i Jerusalem: 15 I siger, at I har en aftale med døden om, at den ikke vil ramme jer. I tror, at flodbølgen ikke vil opsluge jer, når den kommer. I tror, at I kan gemme jer bag jeres løgne og skjule jer bag falskheden.

16 Men hør, hvad Gud Herren siger: Se, jeg lægger på Zions bjerg en udvalgt og dyrebar hjørnesten. Den bruges i et nyt og solidt fundament, og de, der tror på ham, vil ikke blive skuffede. 17 Retfærdighed er min målesnor og sandhed min lodline. I har søgt ly bag en løgn, men det hele vil blive skyllet væk af en haglbyge. 18 Jeres aftale med døden er ugyldig, og når fjenden som en flodbølge vælter ind over jer, bliver I trampet ned. 19 Igen og igen vil flodbølgen komme, morgen efter morgen, ved dag og ved nat, indtil I alle er skyllet bort. Hvis I forstår, hvad jeg siger, vil I gribes af frygt. 20 I kan ikke gemme jer nogen steder. Sengen er for kort til, at I kan gemme jer i den, og tæppet er for smalt til at skjule jer.

21 Herrens vrede kommer pludselig over jer, som den kom over filistrene ved Peratzims bjerg og over amoritterne i Gibeons dal.[b] Herren gør noget uventet og hidtil uset: Han kæmper imod sit eget folk. 22 Så stop jeres hånlige ord, så ikke straffen skal blive endnu større, for Herren, den Almægtige, har fortalt mig, at han har besluttet at rydde hele landet.

23 Hør godt efter, hvad jeg siger, og tænk over, hvad det betyder. 24 Bliver en landmand ved med at pløje og harve jorden? Planter han aldrig noget? 25 Jo, når han har klargjort sin jord, sår han dild og kommen, hvede og byg, og langs kanten sår han spelt. 26 Gud har givet ham kundskab om, hvad han skal gøre. 27 Man knuser ikke dild med tærskeslæde, lader ikke tærskehjulet køre over kommen. Dild tærskes med en stok og kommen med en kæp. 28 Man tærsker ikke kornet for evigt, for kernerne skal bruges til brød. Nej, man lader tærskeslæde, hjul og heste gå hen over det, men man knuser det ikke. 29 Det er Herren, den Almægtige, der taler. Hans visdom er stor, og hans råd er værd at følge.

Footnotes

  1. 28,10 Teksten i 9, 10 og 13 er uklar.
  2. 28,21 Se 2.Sam. 5,20 og Josva 10,10.