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New Light: The Birth of a King

[a] But there will be no gloom for those who were in distress.[b]

In former times he[c] treated the land of Zebulun and Naphtali with contempt, but in the future he will honor the way of the sea beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations.

The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light;
    light has shined on those who lived in a land of darkness.
You have made the nation numerous;
    you have not[d] made the joy great.
They rejoice in your presence as with joy at the harvest,
    as they rejoice when they divide plunder.
For you have shattered the yoke of its burden
    and the stick of its shoulder,
    the rod of its oppressor, on[e] the day of Midian.
For every boot that marches and shakes the earth[f]
    and garment rolled in blood
will[g] be for burning—fire fuel.
For a child has been born for us;
    a son has been given to us.
And the dominion will be on his shoulder,
    and his name is called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,
        Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
His dominion will grow continually,
    and to peace there will be no end[h]
on[i] the throne of David and over[j] his kingdom,
    to establish it[k] and sustain it
with justice and righteousness
    now and forever.
The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this.

Yahweh’s Anger against Arrogance

The Lord has sent out a word against Jacob,
    and it fell on Israel.
And all of the people knew it,
    Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria
in pride and arrogance of heart, saying,
10 The bricks have fallen, but we will build with dressed stone.
    The sycamore-fig trees were felled, but we will replace them with cedars.”
11 So Yahweh strengthened the adversaries of Rezin[l] against him,
    and he provoked his enemies—
12 Aram from the east
    and Philistines[m] from the west—
and they devoured Israel with the whole mouth.
He has not turned away his anger in all of this,
    and his hand is still stretched out.
13 And the people did not turn to the one who struck it,[n]
    and they did not seek Yahweh of hosts.
14 So Yahweh cut off head and tail from Israel,
    palm branch and reed in one day.
15 Elders[o] and the respectable[p] are the head,
    and prophets[q] who teach lies[r] are the tail.
16 And the leaders of this people were misleading them,
    and those who were led were confused.
17 Therefore the Lord did not rejoice over its young men,
    and he did not have compassion on its orphans and widows,
for everyone was godless and an evildoer,
    and every mouth was speaking folly.
In all of this his anger did not turn away,
    and still his hand is stretched out.
18 For wickedness burned like fire;
    it consumed brier and thorn.
And it kindled the thickets of the forest,
    and they swirled upward in a column of smoke.
19 The land was burned through the wrath of Yahweh of hosts,
    and the people became like fire fuel.
People had no compassion toward each other.[s]
20 They devoured on the right but still were hungry
    and devoured on the left but they were not satisfied.
Each one devoured the flesh of his arm,
21     Manasseh devoured Ephraim, and Ephraim Manasseh;
        together they were against Judah.
In all of this his anger has not turned away,
    and still his hand is stretched out.

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 9:1 Isaiah 9:1–21 in the English Bible is 8:23–9:20 in the Hebrew Bible
  2. Isaiah 9:1 Literally “Indeed there is no gloom for the one to whom there was anxiety for her”
  3. Isaiah 9:1 That is, Yahweh
  4. Isaiah 9:3 The written text (Kethib) is “not,” but the reading tradition (Qere) is “for it”
  5. Isaiah 9:4 Hebrew “like”; the Hebrew letters for “like” and “on” look alike
  6. Isaiah 9:5 Literally “marching with shaking,” which might mean “marching is with shaking”
  7. Isaiah 9:5 Literally “and it will”
  8. Isaiah 9:7 Literally “There is no end to the increase of the dominion and to peace”
  9. Isaiah 9:7 Or “for”
  10. Isaiah 9:7 Or “for”
  11. Isaiah 9:7 That is, the kingdom
  12. Isaiah 9:11 Or “his adversaries” if a copyist added “of Rezin” in error
  13. Isaiah 9:12 Hebrew “Philistine”
  14. Isaiah 9:13 That is, the people
  15. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “Elder”
  16. Isaiah 9:15 Literally “one lifted up of face”
  17. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “prophet”
  18. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “lie”
  19. Isaiah 9:19 Literally “A man does not have compassion toward his brother”

[a]Nevertheless, there will be no more gloom(A) for those who were in distress. In the past he humbled the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali,(B) but in the future he will honor Galilee of the nations, by the Way of the Sea, beyond the Jordan—

The people walking in darkness(C)
    have seen a great light;(D)
on those living in the land of deep darkness(E)
    a light has dawned.(F)
You have enlarged the nation(G)
    and increased their joy;(H)
they rejoice before you
    as people rejoice at the harvest,
as warriors rejoice
    when dividing the plunder.(I)
For as in the day of Midian’s defeat,(J)
    you have shattered(K)
the yoke(L) that burdens them,
    the bar across their shoulders,(M)
    the rod of their oppressor.(N)
Every warrior’s boot used in battle
    and every garment rolled in blood
will be destined for burning,(O)
    will be fuel for the fire.
For to us a child is born,(P)
    to us a son is given,(Q)
    and the government(R) will be on his shoulders.(S)
And he will be called
    Wonderful Counselor,(T) Mighty God,(U)
    Everlasting(V) Father,(W) Prince of Peace.(X)
Of the greatness of his government(Y) and peace(Z)
    there will be no end.(AA)
He will reign(AB) on David’s throne
    and over his kingdom,
establishing and upholding it
    with justice(AC) and righteousness(AD)
    from that time on and forever.(AE)
The zeal(AF) of the Lord Almighty
    will accomplish this.

The Lord’s Anger Against Israel

The Lord has sent a message(AG) against Jacob;
    it will fall on Israel.
All the people will know it—
    Ephraim(AH) and the inhabitants of Samaria(AI)
who say with pride
    and arrogance(AJ) of heart,
10 “The bricks have fallen down,
    but we will rebuild with dressed stone;(AK)
the fig(AL) trees have been felled,
    but we will replace them with cedars.(AM)
11 But the Lord has strengthened Rezin’s(AN) foes against them
    and has spurred their enemies on.
12 Arameans(AO) from the east and Philistines(AP) from the west
    have devoured(AQ) Israel with open mouth.

Yet for all this, his anger(AR) is not turned away,
    his hand is still upraised.(AS)

13 But the people have not returned(AT) to him who struck(AU) them,
    nor have they sought(AV) the Lord Almighty.
14 So the Lord will cut off from Israel both head and tail,
    both palm branch and reed(AW) in a single day;(AX)
15 the elders(AY) and dignitaries(AZ) are the head,
    the prophets(BA) who teach lies(BB) are the tail.
16 Those who guide(BC) this people mislead them,
    and those who are guided are led astray.(BD)
17 Therefore the Lord will take no pleasure in the young men,(BE)
    nor will he pity(BF) the fatherless and widows,
for everyone is ungodly(BG) and wicked,(BH)
    every mouth speaks folly.(BI)

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,
    his hand is still upraised.(BJ)

18 Surely wickedness burns like a fire;(BK)
    it consumes briers and thorns,(BL)
it sets the forest thickets ablaze,(BM)
    so that it rolls upward in a column of smoke.
19 By the wrath(BN) of the Lord Almighty
    the land will be scorched(BO)
and the people will be fuel for the fire;(BP)
    they will not spare one another.(BQ)
20 On the right they will devour,
    but still be hungry;(BR)
on the left they will eat,(BS)
    but not be satisfied.
Each will feed on the flesh of their own offspring[b]:
21     Manasseh will feed on Ephraim, and Ephraim on Manasseh;(BT)
    together they will turn against Judah.(BU)

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,
    his hand is still upraised.(BV)

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 9:1 In Hebrew texts 9:1 is numbered 8:23, and 9:2-21 is numbered 9:1-20.
  2. Isaiah 9:20 Or arm

Birth of the Prince of Peace

Nevertheless, the gloom of the distressed land will not be like that of the former times when he humbled the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali.(A) But in the future he will bring honour to the way of the sea, to the land east of the Jordan, and to Galilee of the nations.

The people walking in darkness
have seen a great light;(B)
a light has dawned
on those living in the land of darkness.(C)
You have enlarged the nation
and increased its joy.[a](D)
The people have rejoiced before you
as they rejoice at harvest time
and as they rejoice when dividing spoils.(E)
For you have shattered their oppressive yoke(F)
and the rod on their shoulders,
the staff of their oppressor,
just as you did on the day of Midian.(G)
For every trampling boot of battle
and the bloodied garments of war
will be burned as fuel for the fire.
For a child will be born for us,
a son will be given to us,(H)
and the government will be on his shoulders.(I)
He will be named
Wonderful Counsellor,(J) Mighty God,(K)
Eternal Father,(L) Prince of Peace.(M)
The dominion will be vast,
and its prosperity will never end.(N)
He will reign on the throne of David
and over his kingdom,
to establish and sustain it
with justice and righteousness from now on and for ever.
The zeal of the Lord of Armies will accomplish this.(O)

The Hand Raised against Israel

The Lord sent a message against Jacob;
it came against Israel.
All the people –
Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria(P) – will know it.
They will say with pride and arrogance,
10 ‘The bricks have fallen,
but we will rebuild with cut stones;
the sycamores have been cut down,
but we will replace them with cedars.’
11 The Lord has raised up Rezin’s adversaries against him
and stirred up his enemies.
12 Aram from the east and Philistia from the west
have consumed Israel with open mouths.
In all this, his anger has not turned away,
and his hand is still raised to strike.(Q)

13 The people did not turn to him who struck them;
they did not seek the Lord of Armies.
14 So the Lord cut off Israel’s head and tail,(R)
palm branch and reed in a single day.
15 The head is the elder, the honoured one;(S)
the tail is the prophet, the one teaching lies.(T)
16 The leaders of the people mislead them,
and those they mislead are swallowed up.[b]
17 Therefore the Lord does not rejoice
over[c] Israel’s young men
and has no compassion
on its fatherless and widows,
for everyone is a godless evildoer,(U)
and every mouth speaks folly.
In all this, his anger has not turned away,
and his hand is still raised to strike.

18 For wickedness burns like a fire(V)
that consumes thorns and briars
and kindles the forest thickets
so that they go up in a column of smoke.
19 The land is scorched
by the wrath of the Lord of Armies,
and the people are like fuel for the fire.(W)
No one has compassion on his brother.(X)
20 They carve meat on the right,
but they are still hungry;(Y)
they have eaten on the left,
but they are still not satisfied.
Each one eats the flesh of his arm.(Z)
21 Manasseh eats Ephraim,
and Ephraim, Manasseh;
together, both are against Judah.(AA)
In all this, his anger has not turned away,
and his hand is still raised to strike.(AB)

Footnotes

  1. 9:3 Alt Hb tradition reads have not increased joy
  2. 9:16 Or are confused
  3. 9:17 DSS read not spare